Chapter 5: Self and Identity – Flashcards
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personal characteristics
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are anything we use to describe our unique qualities and traits
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self perceptions
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are observations of our behavior and its consequences
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role identities
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are the internalized expectations associated with different positions
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self identities
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are the kind of person we see ourselves and presents ourselves as
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affect control theory
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incorporates elements of symbolic interactionism and identity theory to explain the role of emotion in identity processes
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physical self
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is a dimension of the Twenty statements test, and it refers to our physical characteristics, such as hair color or height
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oceanic self
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is a dimension of the twenty statements test and it refers to a holistic description of the self
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reflective self
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is a dimension of the twenty statements test and it refers to our feelings and traits, such as being shy or nice
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social self
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is a dimension of the twenty statements test and it refers to our roles and statuses, such as student, daughter/son, or gender
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self
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is a process in which we construct a sense of who we are through interaction with others
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vicarious experience
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is a way of building mastery by seeing other people perform tasks; it shows us that the task is accomplishable
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identity control theory
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is an interactionist theory that argues that individuals have a tendency to seek confirmation of self-meaning
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identity theory
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is an interactionist theory that describes how society shares our sense of self and how those views affect our behavior
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social identity theory
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is based on the principle that we carry self-definitions that match all the categories to which we belong
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identity
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is our internalized, stable sense of who we are
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mastery
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is our perceptions of our ability to control things important to us
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mattering
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is our sense that we are important to other people in the world
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backstage
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is part of dramaturgical sociology and it refers to the region where we relax our impression management efforts
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frontstage
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is part of dramaturgical sociology and it refers to the place where we present ourselves to others
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me
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is the part of the self that includes an organized set of attitudes toward the self
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I
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is the part of the self that is active, engaging in interactions with others
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Dramaturgical Sociology
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is the study of how we present ourselves, playing roles and managing impressions during interactions with other people
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self-consistency motive
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a drive to maintain a consistent sense of self
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Social Identities
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a form of self-definition used in social identity theory based on our group affiliations
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self-fulfilling prophecy
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a process in which expectations produce a reality consistent with assumptions
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situated self
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a temporally based sense of who we are
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face-work
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any way in which we try to protect our own and others' presentation of self
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social categories
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identities related to social groups to which we belong
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categorization
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in social identity theory, the process through which we draw sharp dividing lines between group membership categories and assign people (including ourselves) to relevent categories
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self-enhancement
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is social identity theory the process through which we make comparisons that favor our own groups
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emotional arousal
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inferences about our abilities based on our emotional states that we use to build our sens of mastery
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verbal persuasion
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information from others about our abilities used to derive mastery
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self-evaluations
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judgements we make of ourselves based others' views
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psychological centrality
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our ability to shift aspects of the self to become more or less important to our overall self-concept
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impressions given off
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the actual impression the other person has of you
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self-esteem motive
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the desire to maintain positive self images
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impressions given
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the impression you believe that you are giving
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self-concept
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the outcome of the self process at a given point in time, the sum total of our thoughts and feelings about ourselves as an object
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self-esteem
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the positive or negative evaluation of our self
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self-narratives
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the social construction of identities through the use of personal stories
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self-indication
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the use of symbols and language to communicate internally
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impression management
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the ways individuals seek to control the impressions they convey to other people
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reflected appraisals
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the ways that we believe others view us
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personal accomplishments
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used in the development of mastery, being able to achieve what we start out to do
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social comparisons
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using other people as a point of reference for our thoughts feelings and behaviors.
