Ch. 4 Practice Quiz – Flashcards
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What issues have been considered by the Supreme Court under the right to privacy doctrine established in Griswold v. Connecticut?
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Birth control, abortion, & homosexuality
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In essence, for more than 170 years the Bill of Rights
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did not really affect most Americans
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Which kind of speech is the least protected?
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Fighting words
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The Supreme Court ruled that the right to privacy did not extend to homosexuals in the case of
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Bowers v. Hardwick
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An example of speech plus would be
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giving a speech against abortion and then distributing informational leaflets
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Which amendment provides for freedom of religion?
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First
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Taking private property for public use is covered under the provision of
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eminent domain
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The so-called Lemon test, which came from the court case Lemon v. Kurtzman, concerns the issue of
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governmental aid to religious schools
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Which clause has been interpreted quite strictly to mean that a virtual wall of separation exists between church and state?
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establishment clause
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The use of personal information by websites like Facebook and its advertisers raises questions about
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the right to privacy
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The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution are known as the
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Bill of Rights
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Dolltree Mapp was convicted through evidence obtained through an illegal police search. What happened in her case?
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The Supreme Court ruled that the illegal evidence could not be used in court
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Citizens of the U.S. unquestionably have a right to bear arms, but the exercise of this right can be regulated by
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state and federal law
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Substantive liberties...
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limit what the government can do
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Procedural liberties...
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define how the government can act
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The rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights...
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have varied over time, according to decisions by the Supreme Court
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Protections of citizens from improper government action is the definition of
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civil liberties
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Miranda rights concern
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self-incrimination
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In Palko v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court ruled that double jeopardy...
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was NOT a provision of the Bill of Rights incorporated in the 14th Amendment
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The 4th, 5th, 6th, and 8th Amendments, taken together, define
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due process of law
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What places restraints on how the government is supposed to act?
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procedural liberties and due process
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Which 1937 Supreme Court case established the principle of selective incorporation?
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Palko v. Connecticut; Gitlow case also established selective incorporation, for freedom of speech
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The first civil liberty selectively incorporated into the 14th Amendment as a limitation on state government power was for
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property protection (eminent domain, 5th Amendment)
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Which clause of the 1st Amendment protects the right to believe in and practice one's religion of choice?
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free exercise clause
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Civil liberties primarily
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protect people from government abuse of power
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The concept of selective incorporation means
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only some of the liberties in the Bill of Rights are applied to the states; provisions of the Bill of Rights were gradually incorporated into the 14th Amendment over time
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The Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade was based on the
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right to privacy
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Division of current public opinion about the death penalty results from
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differing opinions as to what constitutes "cruel and unusual punishment"
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The Supreme Court upheld a state university ban on Tupperware parties in college dorms, upheld laws prohibiting the electronic media from carrying cigarette ads, and upheld a Puerto Rico statute restricting the advertising of casino gambling. These are examples of restrictions on
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commercial speech
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The Bill of Rights originally applied to
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only the national government
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Four forms of speech fall outside the absolute guarantees of the 1st Amendment and therefore outside the realm of protected speech. What is not a conditionally protected form of speech?
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Political speech
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The 2nd Amendment concerns
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the right to bear arms
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Government policies after 9/11 have illustrated the tension between
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liberty and national security
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A law that declares an action to be illegal after it has been committed is a(n)
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ex post facto law
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The Supreme Court has struck down what activity in public schools?
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Prayer in school or during school-sponsored events, allowance of bible reading over school intercoms
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The Supreme Court case of Mapp v. Ohio established the
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exclusionary rule
