Ap Human Geography Chapter 3 Questions And Answers – Flashcards
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Activity Space
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An area within which we typically move freely on our rounds of regular activity, sharing that space with others who are also about their daily affairs.
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Attitude
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Many decisions result from unconscious mental activities and are influenced by emotions.
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Awareness Space
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Knowledge of opportunity locations beyond normal activity space
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Barrier
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Impede spatial interaction, either by blocking it totally, slowing it down, or redirecting it.
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Behavioral Approach
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How individuals make spatial decisions and how those separate decisions may be summarized by models and generalizations to explain collective actions.
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Chain Migration
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Assures that the mover is part of an established migrant flow from a common origin to a prepared destination.
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Channelized Migration
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link areas that are in some way tied to one another by past migrations, by economic trade considerations, or some other affinity.
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Complementarity
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One place has a supply of an item for which there is an effective demand, as evidenced by desire for the item, purchasing power to acquire it, and means to transport it.
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Counter Migration
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The likelihood that as many as 25% of all migrants will return to their place of origin.
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Critical Distance
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The distance beyond which cost, effort, and means strongly influence our willingness to travel.
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Distance Decay
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The decline of an activity or function with increasing distance from its point of origin.
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Forced Migration
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The relocation decision is made solely by people other than the migrants themselves.
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Gravity Model
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We are attracted by the expectation of of opportunity that we associated with larger rather than smaller places.
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Intervening Opportunities
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Serve to reduce supply/demand interactions that otherwise might develop between distant complementary areas.
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Link
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Connecting routes in a network.
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Migration
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The longer-term commitment related to decisions to leave the home territory permanently and find residence in a new location.
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Migration Field
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Areas that dominate a locale's in and out migration patterns.
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Mobility
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General term applied to all types of human movement through space and time.
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Movement Bias
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The predictable flows of people going to centers attractive to them.Increased flow strengthens the developed pattern of spatial interaction.
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Network
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A set of routes and the places that they connect.
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Partial displacement migrations
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Local moves wherein migrants move to a new residence nearby.
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Personal communication field
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The informational counterpart of that person's activity space. It's size and shape are defined by the person contacts in work, recreation, shopping, school, or other activities.
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Personal space
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The zone of privacy and separation from others that our culture or our physical circumstances require or permit.
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Place perception
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Our beliefs impressions, and feelings-- rational or irrational, consciously realized or not-- about the natural and cultural characteristics of an area and about its opportunity structure.
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Place utility
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The measure of an individual's satisfaction with a given residential location.
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Potential model
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Provides an estimate of the interaction opportunities available to a center in such a multicentered network.
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Pull factor
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The presumed positive attractions of the migration destination are known as this.
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Push factor
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Negative home conditions that impel the decision to migrate.
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Refugee
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When people are essentially forced to leave their homeland due to difficult or dangerous environmental, military, economic, or political conditions.
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Reluctant relocation
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Less than fully voluntary migration.
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Return migration
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The likelihood that as many as 25% of all migrants will return to their place of origin.
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Space-time path
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Showing activity locations and movements around the landscape plotted against time.
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Space-time prism
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The daily space time constraints of our time geography may be represented this. It's size and shape are determined by our mobility and our locational responsibilities.
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Spatial interaction
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Contact between places, and in human geography, means the movement of people, ideas, and commodities from place to place.
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Spatial search
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The process by which locational alternatives are evaluated- is not initiated.
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Step migration
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Involves the place transition from rural to a major city gradually.
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Territoriality
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The emotional attachment to and the defense of home ground.
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Time geography
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The study of temporal characteristics of activities in conjunction with their spatial characteristics.
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Total displacement migration
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Migrants travel so far that they have completely new activity space that do not overlap at all with their former home ranges.
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Transferability
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Acceptable costs of an exchange are met.
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What is the difference between temporary travel and migration?
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Temporary travel is when you return home and you do not relocate and migration is when you leave home permanently.
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What must people consider to be mobile?
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Time, distance, and cost considerations
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The types of trips that individuals make, and thus the extent of their activity space, depend on which 3 factors?
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1. Stage in life 2. Means of mobility 3. Opportunities in our daily lives
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What is space-time budget?
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How far we can travel in a given period of time.
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When massive amounts of people move what does it affect?
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National economy, alters ethnic, religious mixtures, and inflames tensions.
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What is the difference between chain migration and channelized migration?
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Chain migration is when a relative or friend tells you to come to a certain area and channelized migration is when people come for mostly jobs and opportunities (No strong family ties telling you where to go)
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Give an example of step migration.
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Farm -> small town -> suburb -> major city
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Negative home conditions that impel the decision to migrate are called push factors. What might some include?
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-Loss of job -Lack of professional opportunity -Overcrowding or slum clearance -Poverty -War
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What percentage of migrants (legal & illegal) will move back to their place of origin?
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25%
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What is the most common form of migration?
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Partial displacement migration
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What is globalization?
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-Countries trade more frequently -Foreign investment is very high -Has caused our financial systems to be intertwined
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What is the main reason women are starting to migrate?
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Economic pull factors
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Are migration fields normally stable and persistent overtime or are they unstable and unreliable?
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Stable and persistent
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What is the difference between critical distance and distance decay?
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Critical distance is the distance beyond which cost, effort, and/or means play a determining role in the willingness of people to travel and distance decay is the declining intensity of any activity, process or function with increasing distance from its point of origin.
