AP Geography Spatial Thinking – Flashcards
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Geography
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Study of how humans interact with both the world and eachother
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Spatial thinking
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Relationship thinking-how is object X related to object Y?
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What do geographers use a map for?
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For thinking spacially about the distribution of features across Earth
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Where are people found on earth?
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Big cities or near water
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Location
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An expert map reader who can use grid, scale, direction arrow, political borders, coastlines, and other clues to describe a location on a map
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Conditions
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An expert map reader who can decide the symbols on a map and make valid statements about conditions at any location on map
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Connections
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An expert map reader can decode the symbols on a map and make valid statements about connections between locations on the map
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Comparison
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An expert map reader can make a verbal or graphic comparison of conditions or connections at locations on map
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Aura
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An expert map reader can identify places on a map that are likely to be influenced by a specific event on a map
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Region
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An expert map reader can identify groups of places on a map that are close to each other and have similar conditions
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Transition
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An expert map reader can describe how things change between two places
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Hierarchy
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An expert map reader can describe where an area fits into a hierarchy of smaller-larger areas
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Analogy
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An expert map reader can identify distant places that have similar situations and therefore might have similar conditions
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Pattern
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An expert map reader can identify features arranged in a non-random way on a map
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Association
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An expert map reader can compare patterns on maps and identify features that tend to occur together
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Change
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An expert map reader can use maps made at different times to describe changes in conditions or connections at a place, and to predict possible future change
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Movement
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An expert map reader can use maps made at different times to identify things that might have moved and to predict future motion
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Diffusion
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An expert map reader can use maps made at different times to describe changes in the extent of something and predict future spread
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Spatial Models
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An expert map user can use those map-reading skills to test hypothesis about how features or events in one place can affect conditions or connections
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Exceptions
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An expert map user can identify places that "do not fit the rules" one might infer by using the skills described above. An expert can map the exceptions and identify regions, patterns, associations, etc.
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Main names
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Spatial reasoning and spatio-temporal thinking
