Anthropology Chapter 10- Kinship, Family, and Marriage – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Kinship
answer
The system of meaning and power that cultures create to determine who is related to whom and to define their mutual expectations, rights, and responsibilities.
question
Nuclear family
answer
The kinship unit of mother, father, and children.
question
Descent group
answer
A kinship group in which primary relationships are traced through consanguine ("blood") relatives.
question
Lineage
answer
A type of descent group that traces genealogical connection through generations by linking persons to a founding ancestor.
question
Clan
answer
A type of descent group based on a claim to a founding ancestor but lacking genealogical documentation.
question
E. E. Evans-Pritchard
answer
-Studied the Nuer group in the 1930s. -Nuer groups were exogamous. -Nuer groups constituted a patrilineal descent.
question
Exogamous
answer
Marriages within the group were not permitted.
question
Matrilineal
answer
Descent group constructing the group through the mother's side of the family.
question
Patrilineal
answer
Descent group tracing kinship through the father's side.
question
Unilineal
answer
Kinship groups built through either one line or the other.
question
Ambilineal (also called bilateral or cognatic)
answer
Trace kinship through both the mother and father.
question
Affinal relationship
answer
A kinship relationship established through marriage and/or alliance, not through biology or common descent.
question
Marriage
answer
A socially recognized relationship that may involve physical and emotional intimacy as well as legal rights to property and inheritance.
question
Arranged marriage
answer
Marriage orchestrated by the families of the involved parties.
question
Companionate marriage
answer
Marriage built on love, intimacy, and personal choice rather than social obligations.
question
Jennifer Hirsch
answer
-Studied love in a small western Mexican town. -Love and intimacy are being transformed through globalization. -"The economy of love is intricately interwoven with the political economy of migration."
question
Polygyny
answer
Marriage between one man and two or more women.
question
Polyandry
answer
Marriage between one woman and two or more men.
question
Monogamy
answer
A relationship between only two partners.
question
Serial monogamy
answer
Monogamous marriages follow one after the other usually due to divorce or death.
question
Incest taboo
answer
Cultural rules that forbid sexual sexual relations with certain close relatives.
question
Exogamy
answer
Marriage to someone outside the kinship group.
question
Endogamy
answer
Marriage to someone within the kinship group.
question
Bridewealth
answer
The gift of goods or money from the groom's family to the bride's family as part of the marriage process.
question
Dowry
answer
The gift of goods or money from the bride's family to the groom's family as part of the marriage process.
question
Janet Carsten
answer
-Studied the Malay villagers on the island of Langkawi. -Kinship is also acquired through life. Through co-residence and co-feeding. -Malay children become close to adults other than their parents; like fostering.
question
Dana Davis
answer
-Researched in a sheltered for battered women. -Wrote "Battered Black Women and Welfare Reform." Explains how people use to construct fictive kinship relationships during times of need. -The women looked to each other to create the families they had left.
question
Gerd Baumann
answer
-Studied Southall youth -Youth called each other cousins, in the forms of friends who are kin and kin who are friends.
question
Carol Stack
answer
-"All Our Kin: Strategies for Survival in a Black Community." -Kinship can even be a means to survive poverty -Kinship networks included actual kin and fictive kin.
question
Veena Das
answer
-Known for her work on violence, suffering, and the state, has explored these linkages in the aftermath of the disastrous partition of India and Pakistan. -Focused on the more than 100 thousand women who were abducted and raped during the mayhem. -These women were seen as bringing shame to them and their families.
question
Susan Kahn
answer
-"Reproducing Jews: A Cultural Account of Assisted Conception in Israel."; provides an example of the powerful intersection among reproduction, kinship, religion, and the state. -Studies a group of single Jewish women who are bearing children through artificial insemination.
question
Family of orientation
answer
The family group in which on is born, grows up, and develops life skills.
question
Family of procreation
answer
The family group created when one reproduces and within which one rears children.
question
Kath Weston
answer
-"Families we Choose."; study of the construction of gay and lesbian families in San Francisco, provides an example of creating kinship through choice. -His study reminds us not to assume that the natural characteristics of biological kinship ties are better than the actual behavior of chosen families.
question
Sara Dorrow
answer
-Explored complicated intersection of economics, politics, national identities, race, gender, and class created through the adoption process. -"Transnational Adoption: A Cultural Economy of Race, Gender, and Kinship."; traces the journey of Chinese children adopted by US parents as they cross geographic, cultural. ethnic, and class divides.
