PSYCH Chapter 5 – Flashcards with Answers
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fear
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the central nervous system's physiological and emotional response to a serious threat to one's well-being
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anxiety
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the central nervous system's physiological and emotional response to a vague sense of threat or danger
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generalized anxiety disorder
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a disorder marked by persistent and excessive feelings of anxiety and worry about numerous events and activities
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generalized anxiety disorder Dx
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1. for 6 months or more, person experiences, disproportionate, uncontrollable, and ongoing anxiety and worry about multiple matters 2. the symptoms include at least three of the following: edginess, fatigue, poor concentration, irritability, muscle tension, sleep problems 3. significant distress or impariment
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client-centered therapy
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the humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers in which clinicians try to help clients by being accepting, empathizing accurately, and conveying genuineness. also known as person-centered therapy
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basic irrational assumptions
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the inaccurate and inappropriate beliefs held by people with various psychological problems, according to Albert Ellis
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generalized anxiety disorder humanistic perspective
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arises when people stop looking at themselves honestly and acceptingly. repeated denials of their true thoughts, emotions, and behavior make these people extremely anxious and unable to fulfill their potential as human beings.
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generalized anxiety disorder cognitive perspective
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psychological problems often caused by dysfunctional ways of thinking
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basic irrational assumptions (maladaptive assumptions
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irrational beliefs that lead them to act and react in inappropriate ways
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new wave cognitive theory metacognitive theory
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people with generalized anxiety disorder implicitly hold both positive and negative beliefs about worrying. worrying is useful to cope with life, worry constantly metaworrying
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intolerance of uncertainty theory
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cannot tolerate the knowledge that negative events may occur, even if the possibility of occurrence is very small
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avoidance theory
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people with generalized anxiety disorder have greater bodily arousal worrying serves to reduce this arousal by distraction
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cognitive therapy rational-emotive therapy
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developed by albert ellis identify irrational assumptions suggest appropriate assumptions assign homework that gives clients practice at challenging old assumptions and applying new ones
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family pedigree study
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research design in which investigators determine how many and which relatives of a person with a disorder have the same disorder
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benzodiazepines
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most common group of anti anxiety drugs, includes valium and xanax
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mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
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help clients to become aware of their streams of thoughts, including their worries, as they are occurring and to accept such thoughts as mere events of the mind. by accepting their thoughts rather than trying to eliminate them, the clients are expected to be less upset and affected by them also applied to a range of other psych problems
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gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
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neurotransmitter that reduce the level of excitability
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leading biological treatment for generalized anxiety disorder
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drug therapy
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biological treatments for generalized anxiety disorder
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drug therapy relaxation training biofeedback
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sedative hypnotic drugs
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drugs that calm people at lower doses and help them to fall asleep at higher doses
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relaxation training
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a treatment procedure that teaches clients to relax at will so they can calm themselves in stressful situations
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biofeedback
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a technique in which a client is given information about physiological reactions as they occur and learns to control the reactions voluntarily
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electromyography (EMG)
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a device that provides feedback about the level of muscular tension in the body
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phobia
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a persistent and unreasonable fear of a particular object, activity, or situation
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specific phobia
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severe and persistent fear of a specific object or situation
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Specific phobia Dx checklist
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1. marked, persistent, and disproportionate fear of a particular object or situation, usually lasting at least 6 months 2. exposure to the object produces immediate fear 3. avoidance of the feared situation 4. significant distress or impairment
