Alfred Hitchcock's "Psycho" was initially intended to be a crime thriller but ended up being a renowned horror film. It deviates from the conventional monster figures, such as Dracula, by featuring an average person as the antagonist. The story revolves around Marion Crane, who is initially presented as the protagonist in Hitchcock's narrative.
The story begins with the introduction of Marion's boyfriend, Sam Loomis, who is struggling with debt and alimony payments. This foreshadows potential conflict in the plot. Following Marion's theft of $40,000, minor characters are introduced, including a police officer who watches her at the car shop and creates tension for both Marion and the audience. Eventually, Marion reaches Bates motel and encounters the true central character of the story - Norman Bates. Norman is portrayed as a young,
...shy and defensive individual who lives with his mother. Despite early assumptions of Norman's potential threat as a "psycho", he is depicted as an ordinary guy who runs a quiet motel.
Norman's two identities are revealed in the movie's finale. One is his normal persona, while the other is a monstrous figure who committed the murders shown in the film. His evil side stems from his mother, whom he killed and led him to develop an alter-ego that eventually dominated him.
The inspiration for the character of Norman in Hitchcock's film came from Ed Gein, a real-life serial killer from the 1950s. Gein was raised by his controlling mother on a farm and was left to manage it alone after losing his family members suddenly. He went on to engage in grave robbing, necrophilia, cannibalism and even crafted with human body parts, making him one
of the most peculiar and bizarre serial killers of the 20th century. His story has inspired movies like "The Texas Chainsaw Massacre" and "Silence of the Lambs".
Alfred Hitchcock intentionally enhanced the creepy atmosphere of his films by making specific choices. He utilized black and white rather than color to accentuate shadows, which he skillfully incorporated to outline characters and objects- even the face of protagonist Norman Bates. This approach generated a feeling of indulgence and unease, particularly in scenes showcasing stuffed animals. Additionally, Hitchcock relied on shadows to conceal the identity of the movie's murderer, heightening viewers' sense of anticipation.
'Psycho' was shot in a way that engages the audience by letting them see more than the characters on screen, meaning they can anticipate what will happen to the victims. Hitchcock used inventive techniques, including framing each shot, to create iconic horror scenes like the shower scene. By using extreme close-ups of the victim's face, viewers could see her horrified expression with great detail.
By incorporating sound effects, Hitchcock designed a chilling experience that leaves the impression of the protagonist being stabbed ingrained in the viewer's mind, despite never actually seeing the wound. Throughout the sequence, the camera remains relatively still, yet an eye-level angle is utilized to depict the brutality in a manner that places the viewer within the scene. The director switches between the perspectives of both victim and attacker, enabling a wider range of angles and framing. The brevity of shots and cuts further accentuates the scene's intensity.
In his films, Hitchcock employed sound, music, and sound effects to manipulate emotions and emphasize crucial plot points - specifically the murders. Furthermore, his marketing tactics
were integral to the success of his films. He personally appeared in trailers acting as a guide through crime scenes and concluding with the famous shower scene. To fully appreciate his movies, Hitchcock implored viewers to watch them from start to finish without revealing any spoilers that could ruin the experience for others.
Renowned for his work in the suspense genre, Alfred Hitchcock, KBE, was a famed British filmmaker who heavily drew influence from expressionism in Germany. He began directing in England before transitioning to the United States in 1939 and directed over fifty feature films throughout his distinguished career that spanned six decades. Hitchcock's unique creative vision and innovative style have left an indelible impact on countless filmmakers, producers, and actors. His movies masterfully combine fear, fantasy, and droll humor while frequently featuring ordinary individuals who become embroiled in circumstances beyond their control or comprehension.
The horror genre was transformed by Hitchcock's 'Psycho'. The film explored themes such as guilt transference, where the shortcomings of one character are magnified in another, and the compatibility of men and women, taking a cynical view of traditional romantic relationships. This changed the classic gothic stories into a modern-day version that was never seen before by audiences.
The terror of "Psycho" was amplified by its contemporary setting, which allowed viewers to connect with specific situations such as solitary motels. As a result, the movie has become synonymous with legendary horror director Alfred Hitchcock and is typically the first thing that comes to mind when discussing scary films.
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