Definition Of Homebuyers And Developers Sociology Essay Example

US city may reside in a rented apartment, while a middle-aged entrepreneur could live in a house with or without a mortgage.

Additionally, section 3 (B) of the Housing Development (control and licensing) Act 2007 states that "lodging accommodation" includes any building primarily designed for human habitation or both habitation and business purposes. The Minister has the authority to prescribe other types of accommodations over time.

James D. Shilling (2002) defines residential or lodging as single-family and multi-family dwellings with up to six units. This also includes vacant land or lots capable of developing up to six residential units, regardless of their urban, suburban, or rural location.

Subdivision 3 (c) of the Housing Development (control and licensing) Act 2007 specifically defines "housing development" as the act of constructing any form of accommodation comprising more than four units. The definition includes collecting funds or conducting building operations to create housing units on, above, or below land.The text includes the provision for selling more than four plots of land or building lots intended for constructing more than four housing units.

Demographic Factors and Lodging

Demographic factors are statistical expressions of socio-economic features that include age, sex, education level, income level, marital status, occupation, religion, birth rate, death rate, average household size, and average age at marriage. These factors are collected through a census for an entire population. Surveys analyzing demographics examine people's characteristics in a specific area based on their age, income, and spending habits (Clara 2006). The surveys primarily measure population size, growth rate,density,distribution pattern,and decline in a particular region. They also look at birthrate,functionality,mortality,and marriage within the area (Plane 1993). The

composition of a community's population has a significant impact on individuals' housing choices.Residential location preferences have consistently been linked to social stratification and homogeneity in previous housing research studies(Sirgy et al., 2005).

According to South and Crowder (1997) in Bayoh, Irwin, and Haab (2006, p. 102), the desire for segregation plays a role in suburbanization. They suggest that higher-class families relocate to separate themselves from lower-class families. Lindstrom (1997) also emphasizes the significance of shared values and "cultural universes" in deciding where to live. Recent research further confirms the influence of these factors. For example, Gou and Bhat (2006) found that families in the US tend to settle in areas where there is a high proportion of other families with similar family structure and size as their own.

In his descriptive survey, Lowry (1974) examined the demand for a residential unit based on factors such as income, number of family members, business, and transportation cost. Similarly, Rosen (1974) identified factors like income, age of household leader, gender, number of family members, and education that influence the demand for a residential unit. Mohd Zain (1989) proposed that the size, structure, and population growth rate can also impact the future demand for housing. Aida Mauziah (2003) asserts that gender is a factor that influences one's decision in selecting a lodging location.

According to Devlin (1995), gender may play a role in lodging preference. Skaburskis (1997) examined how gender differences affect family formation, housing choices, housing expenses, and location in Vancouver and Toronto. Skaburskis concluded that preferences for housing may vary based on the need for a safe environment, access to local support services and neighborhood contacts, proximity to work, the

value of commuting time, and the extent to which the home serves as a means of self-expression. Tremblay and Dillman (1983) suggest that factors such as income, level of education, and occupation can influence a homebuyer's housing preference. Higher incomes provide more options for purchasing housing compared to lower incomes.

Lower-income individuals adapt their housing preferences based on affordability, while higher-income individuals with higher education levels typically prefer single-family homes. Occupation also affects housing preferences, with white-collar workers favoring luxury accommodations in suburban areas.

Factors Influencing Housing Location

Multiple studies have identified various factors that impact decisions about where to live.

(Aida Mauziah, 2003), in her research, found that Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) considered several important criteria when selecting their housing location. The top criteria were road facilities, followed by religious centers and cost of living. This study was conducted at UUM and identified eight criteria for choosing a housing location, including cost of living, road facilities, distance to workplaces, religious centers, distance to shopping facilities, social standing of the area, availability of public transportation, and distance to city centers. These findings clearly emphasize the importance of considering these factors before purchasing a home. According to Ken Horst (Dec 23, 2011), home buyers are primarily interested in living near stores and services, followed by their workplace, schools, open spaces, family or relatives' homes, restaurants, easy access to public transportation, and finally recreational activities.

Previous studies have also found that the availability of public transit is an important factor, especially in urban areas. It is considered one of the main criteria for selecting a housing location (Bender et al, 2000; Levinson, 1998; Sanchez, 2002). This is because the efficiency of the

urban transportation system significantly impacts interactions within an urban area (Olatubara, 1998). However, Pratt (1996) argues that even if the transportation system functions perfectly, one should question its efficiency in terms of time wasted in traveling, expenses on transportation infrastructure, fuel costs, and the environmental and pollution burdens it places on society. This research conclusively demonstrates that transit does influence the housing location choices made by buyers.

The location of a property is its relation to other land uses in the area. When it comes to choosing a desirable residential location, factors such as proximity to future schools, shopping centers, major roadways, and other urban facilities play a significant role (James D.Shilling, 2002). Montgomery and Curtis (2006) also mention that various factors that fall under the category of 'quality of life' can influence housing location preferences. These factors include lifestyle preferences, leisure and recreational options, family connections, the attractiveness of the surroundings, and feelings of safety and security. S. K. supports these findings.

According to Ha (2004), 90% of people sought space in other overcrowded countries. Social connections like affinity ties and friendly neighborhoods also contribute to satisfaction. Additionally, many low-income residents left their homes for the city where they could easily access a place to work. Grether Mieszkowski (1974) stated that the location of employment centers is a crucial factor in determining location rent. Another significant aspect influencing location choice is the availability of transportation to and from a property. Accessibility refers to the relative ease or difficulty of reaching a property.

Another important aspect of choosing a residential location is the housing search process, particularly the significance of factors that determine family priorities. Filion et al.

(1999) and the 2004 American Community Survey (ACS) present some raw statistics regarding the importance associated with accessibility and other neighborhood variables. However, these studies do not investigate explanatory variables that impact these relationships (such as income and family size). Erenburg and Schult (1986) identified factors in the decision-making process for non-profit associations. The seven site characteristics identified were facilities, employees, support services, transportation, cost of living, quality of life, and special location requirements. The study suggested that non-profit associations place more importance on assessments of potential facilities, employees' factors, and available transportation compared to the other characteristics.

Several research studies have examined the impact of access to open space and natural features on residential decisions. In Detroit, Michigan, two studies on homebuyers' attitudes showed evidence that the desire to be close to nature is a significant factor in housing decisions for families located on the outskirts of urban areas (Kaplan & Austin 2004; Vogt & Marans 2004). While Vogt and Marans (2004) acknowledge the importance of these environmental features, they also found that neighborhood and house design, as well as school quality, were more important considerations for people relocating. Kathy J. Hayes and Lori L.

Taylor (1996) states that the quality of the neighborhood school should also be an important location characteristic. Several researchers have found that property values are higher in areas where school spending is higher (for example, Oates 1969; Sonstelie and Portney 1980; and Bradbury, Case, and Mayer 1995). Other researchers have found a positive relationship between housing values and the test performance of students at the corresponding school (for example, Jud and Watts 19S1, Rosen and Fullerton 1977, and Walden 1990). This

suggests that proximity to school is an important criterion in choosing housing location. Additionally, there are few studies from outside of Malaysia such as Kane et al.

According to studies conducted by Bender et al. (2000), Yang and Lee (1997), and Sheila Singam (15/10/2002) in the Malay Mail, many individuals allocate significant amounts of time when selecting a house. They prioritize various factors such as safety, proximity to workplaces, schools, grocery stores, shopping centers, theaters, parks, places of worship, and availability of public transportation. Sheila Singam also emphasized the importance of considering certain factors before beginning the search for a house.

The text emphasizes key factors to consider when buying a home. These factors encompass conducting a market analysis of the property, researching the resale value of properties in the area for a profitable investment, considering the surrounding neighborhood and its amenities (e.g., proximity to workplaces, schools, and day care facilities), and evaluating transportation accessibility and road network during the decision-making process.

House buyers seek reliable public transit services and a well-established road network to avoid traffic congestion when purchasing a house. They also worry about potential future developments that may harm their homes, so they must verify the availability of essential amenities before buying in a developing area.

The search for the perfect home in Malaysia involves considering various factors, including the presence of a functional school for families with studying children. Additionally, deciding on the design and size of the house is crucial. While landed properties are preferred by many Malaysians, affordability may limit some buyers due to high land prices. In such cases, stratified residential properties offer an alternative choice as they provide security and recreational

amenities. Ultimately, selecting the ideal housing location is pivotal for Malaysian house purchasers in their quest for the perfect abode.

However, in order to have a smooth and easy experience, it is necessary to provide instructions and proper preparation. This is why individuals need to determine what they want for their house.

Summary

This chapter provides an overview of the relevant literature. The next chapter explains the research methodology used to gather information for this study, including the research method, objectives, research process, and data analysis techniques. It is important to note that all studies discussed in this chapter were conducted both inside and outside of Malaysia.

The rapid growth in Malaysia's lodging industry necessitates a comprehensive understanding of how families select their place of residence. Hence, this study concentrates on UiTM staff residing in Seri Iskandar, Perak, with the objective of determining the pertinent factors influencing location choices within Malaysia.