question

American isolationism declined in the turmoil of the Great Depression of the early 1930s.

answer

FALSE

question

Following the aerial Battle of Britain, Germany invaded England.

answer

FALSE

question

The Battle of Leyte Gulf underscored Japan's ability to continue its defense of the Philippines.

answer

FALSE

question

The agreements at Yalta Conference included Stalin's pledge to enter the war against Japan three months after Germany's defeat.

answer

TRUE

question

What did the governments of Italy and Germany have in common by the 1930s?

answer

Both had established fascist forms of government.

question

Winston Churchill, who would become the British prime minister in 1940, described which agreement as "a defeat without a war"?

answer

Munich Pact

question

The German occupation of Czechoslovakia had what effect on Roosevelt?

answer

He no longer professed impartiality in the impending European struggle.

question

Germany's invasion of what country triggered the beginning of World War II in Europe?

answer

Poland

question

All of the following statements about the German blitzkrieg of spring 1940 are true, EXCEPT:

answer

Germany carefully avoided attacks on neutral nations and only targeted professed enemies

question

In 1940, the Battle of Britain:

answer

saw the British turn back a massive German air attack and force Germany to postpone its invasion plans

question

In late summer 1940, President Roosevelt agreed to send fifty "overaged" destroyers to Britain in return for:

answer

a renegotiated payment schedule of the Allies' war debt from World War I

question

Through the lend-lease bill, passed in March 1934, "any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States":

answer

could receive military equipment, supplies, and other necessary materials even if that country lacked the funds to pay for those items

question

In June 1941, Germany widened the war by:

answer

invading the Soviet Union

question

During the summer of 1941, the United States attempted to restrain Japanese expansion by

answer

restricting oil exports to Japan and freezing Japanese assets in the United States

question

What significant objective motivated Japanese expansion into Southeast Asia and the Pacific during 1940-1941?

answer

the expansion's provision of access to vitally needed oil, rubber, and other strategic materials

question

Which of the following statements about the attack on Pearl Harbor is NOT true?

answer

A specific attack on Pearl Harbor had been long expected by American officials.

question

Following the Pearl Harbor attack:

answer

Germany and Italy also declared war on the United States

question

Which statement best describes the Native American experience in the armed forces during World War II?

answer

Indian servicemen were integrated into regular units.

question

British and American differences over where to attack Germany first were resolved with the decision to launch an offensive:

answer

in North Africa

question

In early 1942, the biggest challenge the United States faced in the Atlantic was:

answer

German submarine warfare

question

At the Battle of the Bulge:

answer

the destruction of Germany's last reserve units left open the door to Germany's heartland from the west

question

The use of atomic bombs against Japan had what significance?

answer

According to military planners, it saved an estimated 250,000 Allied casualties and even more Japanese losses

question

The Potsdam Declaration:

answer

demanded that Japan surrender or face "prompt and utter destruction"

question

The country that suffered the most deaths in the fighting of World War II was:

answer

the Soviet Union

question

Following the conclusion of World War II, the two most powerful nations in the world were:

answer

the United States and the Soviet Union

question

Douglas MacArthur

answer

was in charge of all U.S. forces in east Asia

question

Chester Nimitz

answer

American admiral in the Pacific

question

Winston Churchill

answer

drew up the Atlantic Charter

question

J. Robert Oppenheimer

answer

directed construction of atomic bomb

question

Gerald Nye

answer

senator who led the committee that coined the term merchants of death

question

The GI Bill of Rights provided financial assistance for home loans and college expenses.

answer

TRUE

question

Detroit became known as the capital of black America due to the huge growth of its African American population.

answer

FALSE

question

Society's message to women in the 1950s was that they should strive to combine motherhood and professional careers.

answer

FALSE

question

The Beats took their name because of their pervasive sense that society had beaten them, or triumphed over their spirits.

answer

TRUE

question

Which of the following is NOT true of the GI Bill?

answer

Its huge cost did not justify its benefits.

question

The postwar era witnessed its most dramatic population growth in:

answer

the sunbelt

question

Suburban growth was spurred by all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

new construction of mass public transportation

question

The phenomenon of "white flight" in the 1950s:

answer

was a major cause of the growth of the suburbs

question

Blacks who moved to northern cities found:

answer

new problems and forms of exploitation

question

By the 1950s, suburban life was marked by an increasing:

answer

uniformity

question

With the end of World War II, women workers were encouraged to:

answer

give up their jobs to returning veterans

question

Ultimately, the Beats:

answer

helped inspire the youth revolt of the 1960s

question

In the Brown decision, the Supreme Court:

answer

struck down "separate but equal" in public education

question

By the time of the 1960 presidential race, Kennedy had far more experience in national politics than did Richard Nixon.

answer

FALSE

question

From the beginning of his presidency, Kennedy vigorously supported black civil rights.

answer

FALSE

question

Lyndon Johnson's domestic program was called the Great Society.

answer

TRUE

question

By 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. had become a leading spokesman for "black power."

answer

FALSE

question

The Tet offensive marked a turning point in public support for the war in Vietnam.

answer

TRUE

question

In the 1960 presidential race, John F. Kennedy:

answer

promised to get the country "moving again"

question

The person most persuasive in getting President Kennedy to endorse civil rights would have been

answer

his brother, Robert

question

Early in his presidency, Kennedy accomplished all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

the passage of a large tax cut

question

Student civil rights activists in the South would likely experience all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Kennedy's public encouragement

question

Violence erupted in 1962 when James Meredith attempted to integrate:

answer

the University of Mississippi

question

In his Letter from Birmingham City Jail, Martin Luther King:

answer

declared his willingness to break unjust laws

question

The Bay of Pigs invasion

answer

was thoroughly bungled by the CIA

question

In 1961, Khrushchev escalated tensions over Berlin by:

answer

erecting the Berlin Wall

question

The major purpose of the Soviet missiles placed in Cuba was to

answer

deter another American-supported invasion of Cuba

question

All of the following are true of the Kennedy assassination EXCEPT:

answer

the Warren Commission concluded there may have been multiple gunmen

question

The Cuban missile crisis led to all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

a U.S.-Soviet agreement to scrap nuclear weapons

question

Kennedy's successor as president, Lyndon Johnson:

answer

genuinely cared about the disadvantaged in society

question

The Civil Rights Act of 1964:

answer

outlawed segregation in public facilities

question

The legislation passed by Congress at Johnson's urging in 1965 included all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

government guarantee of full employment

question

In retrospect, Johnson's war on poverty:

answer

generated middle-class resentment that benefited the Republicans

question

The Voting Rights Act of 1965:

answer

dramatically expanded black votes in the South

question

Malcolm X:

answer

said blacks should be proud of their African heritage

question

One of Johnson's major goals in Vietnam was to:

answer

avoid losing it to communism

question

The Tonkin Gulf resolution:

answer

was used by Johnson as a substitute for a declaration of war

question

Eugene Bull Connor

answer

was the Birmingham police commissioner

question

Malcolm Little

answer

became a major spokesperson for Black Muslim movement

question

James Meredith

answer

University of Mississippi

question

George Wallace

answer

was a segragationalist Alabama governor

question

President Nixon strongly supported court efforts to complete school desegregation.

answer

FALSE

question

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) resolved to use its huge oil supplies as a political and economic weapon.

answer

TRUE

question

Richard Nixon was impeached for Watergate-related offenses.

answer

FALSE

question

When North Vietnam invaded South Vietnam in 1975, U.S. troops were sent back into the region.

answer

FALSE

question

The "silent majority":

answer

supported politicians like Richard Nixon

question

The figure who most influenced Nixon's foreign policy was:

answer

Henry Kissinger

question

Nixon's "southern strategy" involved winning southern support by:

answer

capitalizing on their skepticism of federal social welfare program

question

The energy crisis of the early 1970s increased support for:

answer

environmentalism

question

Economists coined the term stagflation in the early 1970s to describe:

answer

a simultaneously stagnant economy with inflationary prices

question

To punish the United States for supporting Israel during the Yom Kippur War, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC):

answer

threatened to cut off oil shipments to the United States

question

Nixon's policy of "Vietnamization" involved:

answer

gradually reducing the number of American troops in Vietnam

question

In April 1970, Nixon extended the war when he sent troops into:

answer

CAMBODIA

question

Shocking events at Kent State University involved:

answer

the killing of four students by the National Guard

question

The Pentagon Papers

answer

revealed that the Johnson administration had deceived the public in regard to war policy

question

Nixon's new relationship with China was made possible by:

answer

China's growing fear of the Soviet Union

question

The Vietnam settlement signed on January 27, 1973:

answer

was followed by massive bombings of North Vietnam a few months later

question

The burglars arrested at the Watergate apartment complex:

answer

had connections to the CIA and the Nixon campaign

question

Essential to breaking the Watergate case was the testimony before the Ervin committee of White House legal counsel:

answer

JOHN DEAN

question

During his presidency, Gerald Ford achieved a record for:

answer

vetoes

question

All of the following were consequences of the Vietnam War EXCEPT:

answer

Americans were more determined than ever to spread democracy

question

William Calley

answer

was convicted for My Lai Massacre

question

John Dean

answer

Gave testimony

question

Henry Kissinger

answer

was secretary of state in 1975

question

George Wallace

answer

was shot and left paralyzed in 1972

FINAL EXAM US HISTORY 1302 – Flashcards

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