Kentucky CNA Test 2018 – Flashcards
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Acute illness/injury
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Occurs suddenly, ends in recovery, can be mild and severe Acute injury: mild- sprain, severe- broken Acute illness: mild- common cold, severe- pneumonia
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Chronic Illness
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Occurs overtime, worsens, no recovery, no cure, can be mild or severe Chronic illness: mild- arthritis, severe- cancer, COPD, HIV
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Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 (OBRA)
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Federal law (every state), governs any long-term care facility, including rehabs
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OBRA Requirements for Nursing Assistants
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-Protects in long term care/rehab -75 hours of training, some states require more -16 of the 75 hours must be hands on/clinical -After 75 hour completion, state test (75 ?s), 70% pass rate, 26 skills -2 skills tested (hand washing/vitals) -Must work 8 hours as a nurse aid to renew in 2 years
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What must be available in all nursing homes?
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Rehabilitation
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What does a routine 2 hour check include?
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1. check 2. change 3. roll/turn (always roll towards you)
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Personal Care (LTC under OBRA)
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-Facility -Homes, board and care-classified as independent
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What does independent mean? Do you still do a routine 2 hour check?
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Independent= can toilet themselves, feed themselves, dress themselves, are mobile, can turn themselves, groom and bath themselves Yes *Independents can be in nursing homes due to conditions/diseases
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Assisted Living (LTC under OBRA)
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-Facility -Apartments, independent
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Nursing Home (LTC under OBRA)
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-Facility -Complex care/ 24 hour nursing care -Has to have diagnosis to be there
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Hospice (Service under OBRA)
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-Service -Agency for terminally ill
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Alzheimer's Care (Service under OBRA)
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-Service -Units that are locked for the safety of residence with Dementia -Called Dementia Care Units
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Rehabilitation (Service under OBRA)
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-Service -Process of restoring the person to highest level of function
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Personal Care
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Can do ADLS (activities of daily living) by themselves -LPN
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Intermediate Care
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More hours required aid -LPN Ex: stroke
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Skilled Care
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More hours from the nurse -Nurses= sterile technique, IVs, rehab (aids can't do) -RN
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Subacute Care
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Complex care, nurses do it all (utilize primary care) -RN Ex: head injury
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DON
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Director of Nursing, RN, manage entire department
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ADON
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Assistant director of nursing, RN, LPN
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ARNP
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Nurse Practitioner, license under doctor
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RN
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Registered nurse
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LPN
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License practical nurse
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CMT
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Medication aid, KMA in KY, registered program required
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CNA
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Certified Nursing Assistant, S=state, R=registered
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NA
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Nursing Assistant; not on registry
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Restorative Aide
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Nurse aid registered, in house trained in rehab, CNA title
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Persons in long-term care center are often referred to as:
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Residents
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Medicare
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over 65, looking at social security benefits, federal
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Medicaid
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state funds, receive federal money, state governs where it goes
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Survey Process (state audit)
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"states in the building" - state workers are in the building, checking every department, answer questions honest/complete, never say "i don't know", always find the answer
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Deficiency- common NCD
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-messed up -certain amount of time to fix -worse= citation, fined
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IJ (immediate jeopardy)
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Serious -harmful to a resident Ex: lost patient outside
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Federal Law->OBRA
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federal law in hospitals or long term care/rehab
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State Law->Nurse Practice Acts
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state laws, under the board of nurses in that state, KY NPA under KY board of nurses
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Facility Policy (written by the owner)->Job description
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Receive during interview, can/can't do
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Nurse Supervision
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Licensed nurse you're under, assignment sheet
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Delegate
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authorizing another person to perform a task
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Nurses (can be preceptor) Delegations
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1. nurses delegate within their scope of practice (can not give task if the nurse can't do it) 2. nurses cannot delegate their task to you 3. nurses do not have to delegate what is on your description (ex: has food on their face walking into work) 4. nurses delegate tasks related to what is in the best interest for the person
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Preceptor
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Can guide another person
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Nurse Aide (can become a preceptor at the time) Delegations
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1. nurse aide cannot delegate because they cannot supervise 2. your role in delegation is to carry out tasks safely 3. decide to accept or refuse the task delegated to you
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Accept task ("3 unsaid things to the nurse when accepting delegated tasks")
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1. I will do it correctly 2. I will ask for help if I need it 3. I will report observation (ex: abnormal, urgent, brushing, mental state, bleeding, etc.)
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Refuse task (let nurse know about refusal)
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1. you must inform the nurse right away/cannot ignore *if you don't, the nurse can cite you
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Reason to refuse a tasks (1-9)
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1. not in legal limit (by law) 2. not in job description 3. Tasks can cause harm 4. you do not have or know how to use supplies/equipment 5. directions are unclear/incomplete 6. not prepared to perform the tasks 7. the nurse is not available for supervision 8. the person's condition has changed 9. illegal, unethical, or against policy
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Separating a person from others against his or her will, keeping the person in a certain area, or keeping the person from his or her room without consent
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involuntary seclusion
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A person 18 years of age or older who has a disability or condition that makes him or her at risk for being wounded, attacked, or damaged
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vulnerable adult
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When an act, behavior, or thought warns of a boundary crossing or violation
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boundary sign
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Negligence by a professional person
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malpractice
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Saying or doing something to trick, fool, or deceive another person
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fraud
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Concerned with offenses against the public and society in general
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criminal law
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A legal statement about how a person wishes to have property distributed after death
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will
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Identifying information and information about the person's health care that is maintained or sent in any form
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protected health information
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A brief act or behavior outside of the helpful zone
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boundary crossing
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Someone who supports or promotes the needs and interests of another person
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ombudsman
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A rule or conduct made by a government body
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law
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Unauthorized touching of a person's body without the person's consent
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battery
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The willful infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment that results in physical harm, pain or mental anguish
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abuse
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Making false statements orally
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slander
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Injuring a person's named reputation by making false statements to a third person
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defamation
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Knowledge of what is right and wrong conduct
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ethics
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Intentionally attempting or threatening to a touch a person's body without the person's consent
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assault
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A wrong committed against a person or person's property
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tort
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Laws concerned with relationships between people
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civil law
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Any person who has the legal right to act on the resident's behalf when he or she cannot do so for himself or herself
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representative
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An act, behavior, or comment that is sexual in nature
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professional sexual misconduct
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An act or behavior that meets your needs, not the person's
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boundary violation
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Violating a person's right not to have his or her name, photograph, or private affairs exposed or made public without giving consent
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invasion of privacy
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Skills, care, and judgement required by the health team member under similar circumstances
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standard of care
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Separates helpful behaviors from behaviors that are not helpful
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professional boundary
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An act that violates a criminal law
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crime
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Unlawful restraint or restriction of a person's movement
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false imprisonment
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Definition through written statements
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libel
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An unintentional wrong in which a person does not act in a reasonable and careful manner and causes harm to a person or to the person's property
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negligence
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The care provided to maintain or restore health, improve function, or relieve symptoms
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treatment
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Failure to provide the person with goods or services needed to avoid physical harm, mental anguish, or mental illness
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neglect
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A person's behaviors that threaten his or her health or safety
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self-neglect
