WORLD GEOGRAPHY STUDY GUIDE WORDS – Flashcards
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escarpment
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steep cliff or slope between a higher and lower land surface
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cataract
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a large waterfall
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rift valley
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a valley with steep sides
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faults
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cracks in the earth's crust
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delta
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a low triangular area where a river divides before entering a larger body of water
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estuary
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the area where a freshwater stream or river merges with the ocean
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Ethiopian Highlands
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very fertile land near Ethiopia
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Niger River
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a river flowing from western Africa into the Gulf of Guinea
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leach
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dissolve and wash away nutrients
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harmattan
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a dry, dusty wind that blows from the Sahara to the Atlantic coast of Africa during the cool months
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savanna
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an area of grassland with scattered trees and bushes
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tropical rainforests
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area with more than 60+ inches of rain
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tropical savanna
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tropical grasslands with scattered trees
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tropical grassland
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grasses and scattered trees adapted to a tropical wet and dry climate
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sanitation
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the state of being clean and conducive to health
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urbanization
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movement of people from rural areas to cities
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service centers
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convenient business locations for rural dwellers
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Nigeria
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a republic in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea
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Rwanda
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a landlocked republic in central Africa
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Nambia
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a republic in southwest Africa
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Zimbabwe
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a landlock republic north of South Africa
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domesticate
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make fit for cultivation, domestic life, and service to humans (as in animals)
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apartheid
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a social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against non-whites
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universal suffrage
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the right of all adults to vote for their representatives
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mass culture
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the culture that is widely disseminated via the mass media
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lingua franca
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a common language used by speakers of different languages
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oral tradition
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pass down from one generation to another by word of mouth
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extended family
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a family consisting of the nuclear family and their blood relatives
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clan
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group of people related by blood or marriage
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nuclear family
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a family consisting of parents and their children and grandparents of a marital partner
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substance farming
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results in the growing of crops to feed one self and ones family, with a little left over for sale
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shifting farming
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farmers who move every few years to find better soil
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sedentary farming
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permanent farming land
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conservation farming
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land-management technique that helps protect farmland
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eCommerce
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Business conducted electronically (buying/selling on web)
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habitat
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the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs
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extinction
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disappearance of a species from all parts of its geographical range
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poaching
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illegal hunting of protected animals
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ecotourism
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tourism to exotic or threatened ecosystems to observe wildlife or to help preserve nature
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commercial farming
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the raising of crops and livestock for sale in markets
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archipelago
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a group of many islands in a large body of water
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tsunami
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a huge destructive wave (especially one caused by an earthquake)
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loess
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a fine-grained unstratified accumulation of clay and silt deposited by the wind
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subcontinent
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a large and distinctive landmass (such as India) that is a distinct part of some continent
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alluvial plain
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an area of fertile soil deposited by river floodwaters
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mica
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a mineral that has the unique characteristic of roming large crystals
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Himalayas
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a mountain range extending 1500 miles on the border between India and Tibet
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Mt. Everest
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highest mountain in the world (29000 ft)
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Ganges River
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a river of South Asia that flows southeast from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal
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Hindu River
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the same river as the Ganges river
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Bay of Bengal
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the bay right next to India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar
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Mt. Fuji
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highest mountain peak in Japan 12,388 feet (3,776 m)
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Gobi Desert
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a high & large desert in China and Mongolia
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Korean Peninsula
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a peninsula near Japan that includes both North Korea and South Korea and is covered with rugged mountains
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Yangtze river
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the longest river of Asia
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Xi river
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third major waterway in China also known as the West river
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monsoon
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rainy season in southern Asia when the southwestern monsoon blows, bringing heavy rains
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cyclone
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a violent rotating windstorm
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Japan current
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a warm ocean current that flows northeastwardly off the coast of Japan into the northern Pacific ocean
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typhoon
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a tropical cyclone occurring in the western Pacific or Indian oceans
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Great Indian Desert
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region of sandy desert in northwest India and southeast Pakistan
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Taiwan
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an island in southeastern Asia 100 miles off the coast of mainland China in the South China Sea
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Hainan
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an island off China's southern coast that has a tropical wet climate
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Qin Ling Mountains
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mountains in central China
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temperate grassland
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biome characterized by deep, nutrient-rich soil that supports many grass species
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humid subtropical
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a wet and warm climate found on the edges of the tropics
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guru
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a Hindu or Buddhist religious leader and spiritual teacher
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mantra
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a commonly repeated word or phrase
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sadhu
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a Hindu holy man
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stupa
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memorial mound ettected over the ashes of buddha and important monks
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dzong
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a fortified monastery of Bhutan, South Asia
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ideogram
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symbol that stands for a concept rather than a word
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shamanism
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belief in a leader who can communicate with the spirits
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lama
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a Tibetan or Mongolian priest of Lamaism
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acupuncture
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treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin
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haiku
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an epigrammatic Japanese verse form of three short lines
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calligraphy
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the art of beautiful handwriting
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pagoda
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a tower-shaped structure with several stories and roofs
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deforestation
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the state of being clear of trees
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contamination
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the act of contaminating or polluting
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megalopolis
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very large city or urban area
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Green Revolution
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rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers
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commune
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a body of people or families living together and sharing everything
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cooperative
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an association formed and operated for the benefit of those using it
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World Trade Organization
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an international organization based in Geneva that monitors and enforces rules governing global trade
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desertification
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the gradual transformation of habitable land into desert
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CFC
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a fluorocarbon with chlorine
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aquaculture
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rearing aquatic animals or cultivating aquatic plants for food
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cash crop
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a readily salable crop that is grown and gathered for the market (as vegetables or cotton or tobacco)
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jute
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a plant fiber used in making rope or sacks
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biomass
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the total mass of living matter in a given unit area
