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Lebensraum

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Hitler's term to describe the geographical space, mostly to the east, that Germany needed to expand and satisfy its people's demands

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Sudetenland

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Hitler's term for the parts of Czechoslovakia that was home to ethnic Germans, whom he wanted to bring into the Third Reich

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Vichy

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The small resort town in southern France that became the capital of the French puppet regime under World War I general Henri Petain

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El Alamein

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Site in North Africa where British forces stopped the German advance under Rommel in the summer of 1942

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Midway

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Island where American planes destroyed four Japanese aircraft carriers and established U.S. superiority in the Pacific in 1942

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Josip Broz

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Known as Tito, he led the Yugoslavian resistance to Nazi occupation and later became leader of his country

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Holocaust

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The Nazi systematic genocide of the Jewish populations in the countries they conquered and occupied

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Hiroshima

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Japanese city, relatively unscarred by the war before 1945, where the United States dropped the first atomic bomb

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Cold War

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The war of nerves between East and West, led by the USSR and the USA, which dominated world politics from 1945 to 1990

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Iron Curtain

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Winston Churchill's term for the sealed border that separated Soviet-occupied lands in Eastern Europe from the Western democracies

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Munich

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Confirmed Hitler's belief that the democracies were weak

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Dunkirk

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Worst British defeat of the war

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Stalingrad

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Where Germany's Sixth Army was lost

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Midway

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Gave the United States supremacy in the Pacific

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Madagascar

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Proposed as site for resettlement of European Jews

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Auschwitz

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Designed to implement the Final Solution

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Coventry

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Completely destroyed by German bombing

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Dresden

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Completely destroyed by British bombing

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Yalta

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Created the United Nations

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Potsdam

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Confirmed post-war mistrust among the allies

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World War II was largely caused

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by a power vacuum in central Europe that Germany sought to fill

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When Hitler came to power, Germany was

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Limited by the treaty of Versailles to an army of 100,000

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The British policy of appeasement towards Hitler was based on

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the conviction that it would maintain stability and peace

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Winston Churchill concluded that the Munich conference was

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a failure that set a bad precedent

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Following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk, France

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soon surrendered and Germany established the Vichy government

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The Grand Alliance of World War II made its first goal

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unconditional surrender of Germany

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The War in North Africa was best characterized by

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Allied persistence despite initial German vicotries

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The turning point of the North African Campaign came when

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British stopped Rommel at Alamain in the summer of 1942

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After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the priority of the United States was to

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defeat Germany, and then turn all of its resources against Japan

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Hitler's Grand Plan would have made the Slavic peoples

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slaves working on the land grants of triumphant Germans

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Hitler's intentions for his land conquests in Eastern Europe included

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sending Germans to colonize the area as landholders

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The turning point in the war for Eastern Europe was the

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German fiasco at Stalingrad

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American Naval superiority in the Pacific was

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achieved beyond dispute at the battle of Midway

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The allied advance through Italy was

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quite slow due to the effectiveness of German defenses

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The Nazi empire was

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never well organized or efficiently governed

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Nazi rule was most ruthless in

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Eastern Europe, where the Slavs were considered racial inferiors

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A major source of resistance to the Nazis across Western Europe came from

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Communists, especially after the Nazi invasion of Russia

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Nazi atrocities at Auschwitz

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Included cruel and painful "medical" experiments on inmates

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Civilian bombing was carried out mainly to

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Break the will of average people to resist

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The official reason given for dropping the atomic bomb on Japan was

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To save the American lives that a land invasion of Japan would cost

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