Western Civ 1 – Flashcards

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Hominids split off from the great apes around six million years ago in
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Africa
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The first modern homo sapiens
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first appeared in Africa between 200,000 and 150,000 years ago.
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The cave in southern France, discovered in 1994 and that contains three hundred paintings of animals, is known as the ________ cave.
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Chauvet
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All of the following are believed to be developments of the Paleolithic Age except
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the regular production of food through agriculture
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In ancient civilizations, bronze would replace copper because
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bronze was harder and more durable
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The early Neolithic era saw
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a slow transition from hunting and gathering to an agricultural society
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The term "civilization" refers to human societies which, among other features,
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have an urban focus and a distinct religious structure
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One of the oldest known agricultural villages, located in Palestine, was
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Jericho
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The ancient city of Catal Huyuk was
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a Neolithic walled community sustained by food surpluses
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In agrarian societies, an economic surplus is food which is
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used to support a non-laboring elite
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The Sumerians
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were plagued by incessant warfare between their many city-states
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The Sumerian government
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came to view kings as agents of their gods.
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Sumerian kings derived their authority from
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the gods
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Mesopotamia is located in the valley of the
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Tigris and Euphrates rivers
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The basic unit of easy Mesopotamian civilization was the
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city-state
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The physical environment of the Mesopotamians generally led to
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a pessimistic outlook with an emphasis on satisfying their angry gods.
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Mesopotamian religion was
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one in which no one god reigned supreme and deities were closely related to the cities.
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The written script of Sumer is known as
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cuneiform
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The epic of Gilgamesh teaches that
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human life is difficult and immortality is only for the gods.
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The ruler of Akkad, who established the first empire in Sumer ca. 2340 B.C was
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Sargon
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Gilgamesh was
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the hero of a Sumerian poem
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Punishments for crimes under the Code of Hammurabi
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Were more severe for the lower classes
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Which of the following statements best applies to the status of women in Mesopotamian society?
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The woman's role was to be in the home and subservient to her husband.
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Unlike the rivers in Mesopotamia, the Nile River
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floods predictably at the same time every year,
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The focal points and sources of life for the ancient Egyptians were the
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Nile River and the pharaohs
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In comparison to Mesopotamian society, Egyptian society was
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more rural
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Ancient Egyptian history is dived into _______ major periods.
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three
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According to Egyptian theology, the pharaoh derived his authority from
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The fact that he was perceived as a divine instrument of order and harmony
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The term Ma'at expresses the Egyptian belief in
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truth, justice, and order in the universe
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Egypt's Old Kingdom ended for all of the following except
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foreign invasion
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For administrative purposes in the Old Kingdom, Egypt was
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Divided into provinces called nomes and governed by nomarchy.
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The Hyksos
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were a Semetic-speaking people who infiltrated Egypt in the 17th century B.C.
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The economy of ancient Egypt relied most heavily on
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agriculture
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Which of the following Egyptian gods was most closely associated with the mummification of the dead
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Osiris
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Originally the Osiris cult was reserved for
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the wealthy who could afford preservation of the body.
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The Egyptian pyramids were
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conceived and built as tombs for a city of the dead
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Which of the following is not true about Egyptian art
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It was largely individually expressive, illustrated by many identifiable artists.
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Amenhotep IV is best known for
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the temporary installation of the god of the sun disk in Egyptian culture
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Which of the following is not true of Egyptian social life
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Marriages were based on love and personal attraction.
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In general, during the imperialistic New Kingdom, Egyptian government changed by
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A gradual lessening in the power of pharaohs over their neighbors
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In the 13th century the Egyptians were driven out of Palestine and back to their original frontiers by the
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"Sea Peoples"
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Akhenaten is best known for his unsuccessful attempt to reform Egypt's
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religion
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One of the few female pharaohs was
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Hatshepsut
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In the first century B.C., Egypt became a colony of
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Rome
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The Hittites were
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Indo-European speaking peoples
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The Hittites played an important role in the history of the Middle East because they
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transmitted Mesopotamian culture to the west, especially to the Mycenaean Greeks
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Growing appreciation of astronomy among European peoples after 4000 B.C. is best seen in
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megalithic observatories
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The most famous of the megalithic constructions of Europe is
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stonehenge
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The original Indo-Europeans possibly came from
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the steepe region north of the Black Sea
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Which of the following is not an Indo-European language?
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Babylonian
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The tradition of the hebrews states that they were descendants of the patriarch ________ who had migrated from Mesopotamia to the land of Palestine.
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Abraham
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The way(s) in which the Hebrews, Greeks, and Romans viewed the Phoenicians and Carthaginians
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Illustrates how historical records can be slanted or biased
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Moses united the Israelites after the Egyptian bondage by putting them under the protection of a new national god named
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Yahweh
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The founder of the Kingdom of Israel (1000-970 B.C.) was the military hero
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David
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Solomon's most revered contribution to the Hebrew society was to
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construct the Temple, the symbolic center of the Hebrew religion and society.
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After the death of Solomon, tensions between the northern and southern tried led to the establishment of two kingdoms, the kingdom of _____ and the kingdom of _______.
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Israel and Judah
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The destruction of jerusalem in 586 B.C. and the Babylonian captivity of the Hebrews occurred at the hands of the
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Chaldeans
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All the following are true of the hebrew conception of God except
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there was no room for personal relationships with him, as his word was law.
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The Hebrew religion
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was an ethical religion centered around the law of god.
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The Hebrew prophets
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were considered by the Hebrews to be the voice of Yahweh
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The Hebrew bible
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focuses on the basic theme of the necessity of the Hebrews to obey their god
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The words of the Hebrew prophets
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all of the above
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The decline of the Hittites and Egyptians around 1200 B.C.
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created a power vacuum which allowed several small states to emerge and temporarily flourish
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Which of the following was not a part of the Hebrew religious tradition?
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the revelation
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The greatest international sea traders of the ancient Near East were the
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Phoenicians
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The Phoenicians' contributions to the ancient Near East included all but
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their defeat and destruction of the Hebrew's 12 tribes
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All of the following are correct about Byblos except
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It was an Egyptian commercial center
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The assyrians are more important in history for their inovations in
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empire building
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All of the following were Assaryian Kings EXCEPT for
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Ashur
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Which of the following statements BEST describes Assyrian government
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the kings' power was absolute; they were vicars of the Assyrian god Ashur
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All of the following helped make Assyria an efficient military machine except for
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humane treatment of prisoners
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Assyrian kings organized their empire more effectively by
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reducing the number of royal officials
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The Assyrian army was able to conquer and maintain an empire due to its
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ability to use diversified military tactics
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The Assyrians use of terror tactics and atrocities
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especially targeted inhabitants of the empire who rebelled against Assyrian rule
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Assyrian society was well known for its
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assimilation of other cultures and development of polyglot society
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The relationship between the assyrian king and his officials was based on
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loyalty
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the principle economic basis of Assyrian society was
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agriculture based on farming villages
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Assyrian art was primarily concerned with
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glorifying the king, hunting, and war
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Nebuchadnezzar II accomplished all of the following EXCEPT
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the revision of the Persian law code
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Which of the following statements are NOT true about the Chaldean Empire?
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it was the longest-lasting of the great Near Eastern empires
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The Ishtar gate sat outside the city of
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babylon
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According to the video "Quest for the Phoenicians" the, "Ship of reconciliation",:
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represents an attempt to use ancient history as a way to address contemporary political and social tensions
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King taunt best exemplifies the:
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The "Chameleon-like nature" of the Phoenicians
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