question

Which of the following is true about recombinant DNA?

answer

It contains DNA from at least 2 differernt sources

question

While most cells in the body differentiate to become specific types of tissue cells, _____ cells retain their ability to become any other type of cell.

answer

stem

question

Match the type of cloning with its purpose.

answer

reproductive= produces a genetically identical individual therapeutic- produces specialized tissue cells

question

Which of the following enzymes have a role in recombinant DNA production?

answer

DNA ligases, restriction enzymes

question

Transgenic organisms

answer

have had a cloned gene inserted into their genome.

question

Genetic engineering includes the alteration of genomes for which of these purposes?

answer

industrial and medical

question

DNA that contains genes from more than one source is called _____ DNA.

answer

recombinant

question

A scientist seeking to study the complete genetic makeup of an organism is studying in the field of _____.

answer

genomics

question

Which process compares DNA fragments, resulting from restriction enzyme cleavage, to identify relatedness between organisms?

answer

DNA fingerprinting

question

Which of the following cell types is differentiated?

answer

specialized liver

question

Embryonic stem cells are totipotent, meaning that they

answer

have the potential to become any other type of cell in an organism

question

The field of _____ explores the structure and function of the cellular proteins, along with their interactions.

answer

proteomics

question

Regions of DNA that are located between genes are called _____ DNA sequences.

answer

intergenic

question

DNA is cut at specific points during production of recombinant DNA using which of these?

answer

restriction enzymes

question

Choose the two main components necessary for the polymerase chain to occur.

answer

nucleotides DNA polymerase

question

The purpose of ______ is to produce an individual genetically identical to the parent.

answer

reproductive cloning

question

All the proteins that result from the translation of human genes into proteins are collectively called the human _____

answer

proteome

question

Adult stem cells are best described as _____ because they have already begun to specialize and cannot be used to produce every type of cell in the organism.

answer

multipotent

question

A plasmid is often used in biotechnology applications as a _____ to transfer foreign genetic material.

answer

vector

question

Which of the following terms refers to the use of computer technologies to study the genome?

answer

bioinformatics

question

The entire collection of proteins resulting from translation of genes is called a _____.

answer

proteome

question

The desired end of therapeutic cloning is to

answer

produce mature cells for study and disease treatment.

question

In comparing chromosome 22 in humans and chimpanzees, researchers determined genes for which of these may have influenced the evolution of humans?

answer

smell hearing speech

question

Transgenic bacteria are used to produce which of the following products?

answer

insulin growth hormone hepatitis B vaccine

question

The enzymes used to cut DNA at specific points during recombinant DNA production are called _____ enzymes.

answer

restriction

question

In genetic engineering _____, such as plasmids are used to transfer foreign genetic material into a cell.

answer

vectors

question

Which type of cloning seeks to produce an individual that is genetically identical to the parent organism?

answer

reproductive.

question

Stem cells that have already started to specialize, and therefore are not able to produce every type of cell in an organism,are said to be _____

answer

multipotent

question

Which of the following are direct applications of bioinformatics

answer

finding a relationship between overall genetic makeup and genetic disorders determining the function of genes

question

Study of the complete collection of proteins that an organism produces is known as _____.

answer

proteomics

question

Which of the following are drawbacks to reproductive cloning?

answer

the cloned animals have poor health low success rate

question

Organisms that contain their own genes from another organism are called _____ organisms; they are genetic hybrids of sorts

answer

transgenic

question

Select the two true statemens about the base sequencing variations among individuals.

answer

Some individuals have genes that vary by one base. Some individuals have additional copies of some genes.

question

The gene that causes cystic fibrosis CF is cloned and introduced into a mouse model using embryonic stem cells. What purposed do the resulting mice likely serve?

answer

individuals that have the phenotype like that of a human with CF can be used to test drugs for the disease

question

The use of natural biological systems to create a product or achieve some other end desired by human being is referred to as _____.

answer

biotechnology

question

What is the importance of adding heat to the PCR process?

answer

Heat functions to separate the DNA strands

question

Genetic ______ uses genetic information to help couples predict the chances of their child having a genetic disorder

answer

counseling

question

A karyotype is a visual display of the chromosomes arranged by ____ and _____.

answer

size and shape

question

In a gene therapy procedure, a gene is delivered directly to the affected region of the body in an injection. This is an example of which type of gene therapy?

answer

in vivo

question

Which of the following procedures cannot be used to collect fetal cells?

answer

ultrasound

question

The type of exam that uses high frequency sound waves to scan the abdomen of a pregnant woman is called a ____-

answer

ultrasound

question

The insertion of genetic material into human cells for the purposes of treating a disorder is termed gene _____

answer

therapy

question

The test for a genetic _____ relies on the difference in the DNA due to the presence of an abnormal allele

answer

marker

question

The procedure used to obtain fluid from the uterus of a pregnant woman is called

answer

amniocentesis

question

Which of the following is a drawback of amniocentesis as compared to CVS?

answer

Cells must be cultured after amniocentesis delaying karyotyping Amniocentesis is not usually performed until the 14th to 17th week of pregnancy

question

Select the name of procedure for obtaining cells from the region where the placenta will develop?

answer

chorionic villus sampling

question

Which of the following procedures can be used to collect fetal cells?

answer

amniocentesis materal blood draw chorionic villus sampling

question

Couples who go through genetic counseling are seeking help in predicting the chances that they will have a baby with a genetic _____

answer

disorder

question

Which of the following diseases currently shows potential when treated by in vivo gene therapy?

answer

cystic fibrosis poor coronary circulation rheumatoid arthritis

question

An individual's complete genotype, including all the various mutations, is called a genetic _____.

answer

profile

question

In a polar body from a heterozygous female tests positive for a mutated allele, the egg probably receive the _____

answer

normal allele

question

What cannot be detected by an ultrasound

answer

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

question

Chronic villus sampling is a procedure for obtaining fetal cells from the uterus for use in _____

answer

karyotyping

question

If an egg could be given genes that control traits desired by the parents, this would be an example of

answer

eugenics

question

Which cells can be used as a source of chromosomes for karyotyping?

answer

skin cells white blood cells muscle cells

question

A genetic counselor can use an individual's genetic profile to _____ any mutations or genetic disorders they may have

answer

educate the individual about

question

The differnece in a sequence of DNA that is due to the presence of an abnormal or mutant allele and is used to identify that allele in a patient is known as a genetic _____

answer

marker

question

If a genetic disorder leads to abnormal enzyme production, parents might choose to test for it by taking samples from

answer

the embryo or egg

question

The injection of adenoviruses that contain an anti-inflammatory gene is an example of in vivo treatment for

answer

rheumatoid arthritis

question

Which of the following conditions can be detected using ultrasound?

answer

Patua syndrome Edwards syndrome Down syndrome Spina bifida

question

If bone marrow stem cells are removed from a patient with SCID, infected wit ha virus that carries the normal gene, and then reinserted into the patient, this is an example of _____ gene therapy

answer

ex vivo

question

Genetic testing of the embryo is done _____ in vitro fertilization

answer

after

question

The genetic marker relies on

answer

a difference in the DNA due to the presence of an abnormal allele.

question

Which of the following is a benefit of CVS over amniocentesis?

answer

CVS results are obtained much more quickly because cells do not have to be cultured.

question

If an abnormal allele is present, a DNA test can detect the difference in sequence, called a

answer

genetic marker

Week 9 Biology – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards