vietnam war questions – Flashcards
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5) Ho chi minh returned to Vietnam in 1941, why
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Because the japanease seized control of Vietnam in WWII
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6) What did ho chi do
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Formed a lauge for independence of Vietnam called the Vietminh
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7) After WWII, in 1945 what did ho chi belive
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Independence from france would soon follow
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8) 1945 to 1954
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War between france and Vietminh
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9) French tactics
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Took control of citys
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10) Vietnimh tactics
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Took control of country side, gurilla warfare
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11) How did each have and advantage
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French had powerfull weapons, but Vietminh confined and traped the French in citys
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12) Principal role of US foreign policy
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Containment
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13) Role of US
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Financial support and equipment, 15 mill
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14) 2 reasons why US wanted to help france
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France was weak from WWII and to contain communist
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15) What was a big region the vietnamease opposed the French
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b/c they took away the ancestrial lands that the people owned
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16) What happened to the franch in 1954
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Suffered a major defeat a diem bien phu, and surrendered to ho chi minh
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17) Geneva accords 1954, switz say 2 outcomes
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1-cambodia and loas become independent, and Vietnam was divided at the 17th parallel
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18) North Vietnam controlled by
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Ho chi minh
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19) South Vietnam controlled by
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Diem
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20) Describe diem
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A mean dictator, but anticommunist so he was supported by the US, also banned Buddhism
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21) The arangments for electrons to reunit Vietnam later on in the future but they were never held because
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The US was supposed to do it, but did not
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22) Vietcong description and full name
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the national liberation front, south vietnment communist who hated diem and preferred ho chi minh, gained control of the sounther country side
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23) Gulf of Tonkin incident
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2 US ships reported that they very elegedly attacked by north Vietnam, even though there was no damage, and no one saw it
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24) Gulf of Tonkin resolution
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Gave US congress the ability to increase soilders in Vietnam and to take military action against Vietnam without officially delcairing war
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25) Why was it hard for the US to fight the Vietcong in south Vietnam
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Because they did not have unoforms so you oculd not tell is they were normal citizens or not
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26) in reality almost everyone, even women were aprt of the Vietcong against the US in the south, what were two difficulties they faced
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US supported and unwanted government, and they have to fight gurrillas in unfaimilair jungle turaine
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27) what was happening on the homefront and why
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Extream US disaporoval, b/c of the media
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28) why was it called the war of the flies
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b/c the Vietcong gurrlias were like flies on a dog, unable to sea, and to get ride of
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29) how did the Vietcong gain their members
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Gained support of pheasants and vllages by promising the ancestrail lands would come back if they defeated the US
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30) what did the Vietcong build
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And very complex and well built underground system of teunnels to connect village and city networks
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31) the women in disguse sold soda
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Vietnamese women pretended to sell soda to US soilders, but in the soda glass, was shards of glass mixed in with the ice, they really were just taking count of how many US soilders there were, and where they were goings / what they were doing and other data to give to the Vietcong
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32) bread
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They baked bread with bombs in them
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33) the Vietcong kept growning, and obtaining help from 3
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NV, SV, and china
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34) the united states turned to bombing the land, and farmland to get enemy hid outs, what effect did this have
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Made the pheasants who owned the farmland more opposed to the US b/c their ancestrial land was getting burned
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35) what was this new tatic of airplane attacked called
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Operation rolling thunder
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36) 1968 was a bad year, name 5 reasons why
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1-tet offensive, 2-khe sanh attack, 3-operation rolling thunder, 4-mylai massacre, 5-faild peace talks
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37) The 1968 tet offensive
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It was the lunar calander holiday new year, and there were agreements between the US and Vietnam to stop fighting for a little bit, but Vietnam surprise attacked all of their country, on the tet new year
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38) Medias role in tet and effect
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Told people false info and credibility gap so American opposed the US fighting
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39) Credibility gap
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A separation between the media reports and the truth
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40) The my lai massacre
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The village of my lai was harboring large numbers of Vietcong and orders were given to clear the village including, women, children, and elders, 400-500 innocents were killed
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41) Who was LT. of the my lai massacre
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calley
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42) Battle of khe sanh, (operation Scotland)
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Bloodiest battle of the war
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43) Failed peace talks
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Johnson initiated some people who could not reach an agreement with the VC, or NV
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44) 1969 nixon
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Elected, and promised to withdraw troops
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45) Vietnamization, nixion
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Nixions policy to send US troops home and replace them with trained SV soilders
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46) To persue vietnamization, Nixon authorized 3 things
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1-heavy bombing campaign against north Vietnam bases and supply groups, 2-bombing of the ho chi minh trail, 3-and bombing of Cambodia and loas
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47) 3 things that happened in 1970
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1- kent state shootings, 2-conviction of lt. calley for his role in the my lai massacre, and 3-the pentagon papers
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48) pentagon papers and supream courts involvment
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Distribution of classified documents about what was really happening in Vietnam, supream court said the printing of the papers was legal b/c it was from an editor in the war
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49) with pressure to stop war from the US public, Nixon kept withdrawling troops until the US involvement ended, how, and when
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Cease-fire, and the last troops left in 1973
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50) what 2 things happened in 1975 to Vietnam
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NV defeated the SV in Saigon, and it became one communist country
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51) death toll of: NV + VC, 2-SV, 3-US
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1mill, 109,000, 58,000
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52) 4 things that happened after the war ended in 1975
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1-NV had very tight control of the south, 2-people sent to reduction camps, 3-all industries in SV nationalized, 4-saigon was renamed as ho chi minh city
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53) To Vietnam is what
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Still Communist
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54) Vietnamease fled Vietnam
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1.5 million in boats, lots died at sea, or got caught, 70,000 setteled in north America
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55) Explaine 4 reasons why the communists won Vietnam
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1-dien was the unpopular leader of a corrupt government 2-ho chi minh was admired as a hero who had defeated the japs and French and was fighting for independence 3-the us was seen as another foreign trying to dominate Vietnam and their land 4-despite US strength, the gurilas faught their land well in jungle terrain
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56) Gear the a soilder would have
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Canvas, backpack (90ibs), camo uniform, mesh boots
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57) Weapons, lest as many as possible
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Helicopter, b-25 bombers, phantom jet, soviet mig fighters, -16 rifle, m30 machine gun, grenades, portable mines,
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58) Helicopter was the new war invention first introduced in Vietnam, say all reason why a helicopter was so important
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-it transported troops, equipment, supplies, and supported parachuters, evacuated the dead, wounded,
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59) Helicopters also led to the psycilogical problems of soldiers b/c
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no brakes from war because they were so easily transported, and got no breaks, like in other wars they got days of breaks
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60) Expaline 4 ways why this was a different war
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1-undeclaired war, 2-war without frontlines, 3-no clear objective, 4-elusive enemy
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61) It was the first war, say 3 releating to the media
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Television war, unsencored battle reports, americans opposed hugly passionetly, and openly
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62) How many americans fought, and how many americans died
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Fought: 2.5mill, died: 58,000
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63) The media relied on government officials for their information so much information was lies and half truths, list 3 truths about diem, first US admitted he was a dictator but
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that he was a strong dem framework,
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64) Next, it was true that the Vietcong murdured diem supporters, but diem was
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harsh, repressive, and intolerant of religion
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65) How true was the gulf of Tonkin claim
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We were spying on north Vietnam, and there was a short fire on aug 2, but no big deal, and the aug 4 shooting was made up
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66) Credibility gap, getting the US bogged down in a war the US couldn't win which was made clear by what 2 things
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Tet offensive, and my lai massacre
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67) Jonson exaggerated chinas, role in the war, what was the truth about china
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He said china wanted to take over SE asia, WHEN really china spported Vietnam, but opposed Russia, and was dealing with Russian issues over ruling the communist world
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68) Nixon claimed he supported peace talks BUT
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Was engagins in secerate actions, with Vietnam which caused the peace talks to fail
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69) Nixons vietnamization was to remove the US from war, when really
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It escalated our role in the bombing of Cambodia, and ho chi minh
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70) The burden fell on
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The poor, and and minorities b.c they were groups that could not get out of the draft
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71) Agent orange, and effects
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A chemical sent in orange barrels used to defoiliate the jungle and fine the enimys hiding spots, led to serious health problems in humans and animals, also destroyed the jungle and rivers
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72) Ne palm
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Jelly substance dropped from airplanes which stuck to things, burned off clothes and skin
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73) 3 psychological impacts of the Vietnam war on soilders
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Helicopters and combat, drug use, and homeland hostility stress
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74) Vietcong NLF
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National liberation front
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75) William Westmoreland
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Commander of the US troops during war
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76) Type of plane that battled soviet MIG fighters
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Phantom
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77) 20,000 died at sea
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Boat people
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78) Acronym for 2,000 unaccounted soilders
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MIA
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79) Jonson exaggerated this countrys role
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China
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80) Commander of US troops in Vietnam
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Weatmoreland
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81) Given from US to French in 1945 54
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Financial support
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82) Burden of the war fell on these 2
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Poor and minorities
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83) Vietcong dressed as
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Normal average public
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84) General who led SV after diems overthrow
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Khanh
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85) US helicopter type used in Vietnam
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Huie
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86) Type of mission in Vietnam
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Search and destroy
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87) Lieutenant convicted of murder n his role in my lai
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Calley
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88) Controlled Indochina during WWII
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Japan
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89) Cailed 2 US ships were attacked where
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Gulf of Tonkin
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90) Sit of internation peace conference set to discuss the future of Indochina
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Geneva
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91) Type of warfare used
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Gurrilla
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92) The US sent 16,000 what to SV in the late 50'ies
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Advisors
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93) Anticommunist dictator od SV
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Diem
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94) Site where US troops landed in SV 1965
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Danang
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95) US forign policy justification
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Domino theorybif French military defeat here? Diem bien phu
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