US Government Unit 2 Study Guide
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What branch of government may declare an act of Congress unconstitutional?
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Judicial Branch
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How do the President and the Congress affect the appointment of Supreme Court justices?
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Presudent appoints justices to the supreme court and congress approves
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What is a veto?
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Executive (president) rejection of a bill
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What is the process for overturning a veto?
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2/3 of both houses of Congress propose an amendment and 3/4ths of the states must ratify it.
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What powers does the judicial branch have to keep the executive branch in check?
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Judicial review- declare law unconstitutional
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How are government programs funded and run with our system of 'cooperative federalism'?
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Federal grants-in-aid, revenue sharing, categorical grants, block grants, project grants
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What is the difference between a formal amendment and an informal amendment?
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A formal amendment is actually written in the constitution and must get approved, while an informal amendment is not written but known
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Why were the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution?
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Because of the demands of the anti-federalism during ratification
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When was the Bill of Rights ratified?
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1791
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When was the Constitution ratified?
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September 17, 1787
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Explain the 4 different methods for formally amending the Constitution?
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1.) Proposed by 2/3 of Congress, then ratified by 3/4 state legislatives 2.) Proposed by 2/3 Congress, then ratified by 3/4 state conventions 3.) proposed by national convention and ratified by 3/4 state legislatures 4.) proposed by national convention, and ratified by 3/4 state conventions
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What do Article I, Article II, and Article III of the Constitution deal with?
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Article 1: Legislative Article 2: Executive Article 3: Judicial
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What are Expressed powers? List some examples.
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Powers specifically granted in the Constitution. Ex. collecting taxes, regulating trade, declaring war
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What are Implied powers? List some examples.
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Powers not listed in the Constitution, but suggested Ex. Income tax, Military draft
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What are Inherent powers? List some examples.
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Powers that the govt may exercise simply because it is the govt. Ex. Congress regulates immigration and acquires territory
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What is meant by the term \"reserved powers\"?
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Powers granted to the states through the 10th amendment
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What is the Necessary and Proper Clause?
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Congress has the right to make any law necessary and proper to enforce its powers.
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What is the Full Faith and Credit Clause?
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States must honor the laws, records, and court decisions of each state
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What is the Supremacy Clause?
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The Constitution is the supreme law of the land
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What are Interstate Compacts?
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Agreements among States that focus on solving problems they share
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What are \"concurrent powers\"?
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Powers that both national government and states have
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What is meant by the term \"extradition\"?
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legal process in which a person running from the police in one state is returned by the police of another state
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What are \"Grants-in-aid\"?
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Grants of federal money or other resources to the States and/or local governments
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What was the ruling in the court case of Puerto Rico v. Branstad?
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Supreme Court ruled that federal courts order a governor to extradite someone
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First Amendment
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Freedom of speech, press, assembly, religion, and petition
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Second Amendment
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right to bear arms
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Third Amendment
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quartering of troops
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Fourth Amendments
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no illegal searches or seizures
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Fifth Amendment
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protect the rights of persons accused of crimes, including protection against double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and punishment without due process of law.
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Sixth Amendment
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Criminal Proceedings: right to bring witness and hire an attorney
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Seventh Amendment
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Civil Trials - right to a jury trial to settle lawsuits over money or property worth more than $20 - common law
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Eighth Amendment
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no cruel and unusual Punishment
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Ninth Amendment
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unenumerated rights. states that people's rights are not limited to just those listed in the Constitution.
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Tenth Amendment
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powers reserved to states
