Unit 8 Study Guide- US History
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Affirmative Action
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policy intended to open opportunities for minorities who had historically been discriminated against
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Civil Disobedience
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the refusal to obey an unjust law
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Grandfather Clause
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a provision that exempts people from the law on the basis of a previously existing circumstance
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Shirley Chisholm
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1st African American woman to serve on Congress; first African american woman to try to run for president
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oppression
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unjust treatment
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Lobbying
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act of attempting to influence government decisions
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Recession
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period of temporary economic decline
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Boycott
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withdrawing from certain things in order to protest
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Discrimination
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treatment of someone based on certain criteria
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integrate
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combine
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MLK Jr.
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leader of the civil rights movement; led Montgomery bus boycott & March on Washington; formed SCLC
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March on Washington
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ended to spread a light on African American discrimination. ended with " I have a Dream" speech
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de facto segregation
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racial segregation based on fact
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de jure segregation
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racial segregation based on law
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Black Power
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promoted a more aggressive form of protest and place less emphasis on cooperation with sympathetic whites.
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Black Panthers
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military organization formed by Huey Newton, Bobby Seale, and Eldridge Cleaver that believed in black empowerment
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Peace Corps
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domestic volunteer organization
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Civil Rights Act of 1957
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increased African American voting in the south. created civil rights commission and established a civil rights division
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
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gave the US government the power to end discrimination and eliminate job segregation
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Kerner Commission
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created by LBJ to investigate the causes and prevention of riots
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Medicare and Medicaid
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provided a free or low cost medical insurance to welfare recipients and Americans 65+
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Thurgood Marshall
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1st African American on the Supreme Court Justice
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24th Amendment
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prohibited poll taxes
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Tactics used by the civil rights movement
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boycotts, sit-ins
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Caesar Chavez
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formed the United Farm Workers (UFW) helped Mexican American farm workers
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New Frontier
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Kennedy's platform
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Great Society
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LBJ's platform
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Chicano Movement
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Mexican Americans civil rights movement
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Women's Liberation Movement
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women's protests and campaigns for equality
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Equal Pay Act of 1972
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prohibits pay discrimination based on race, sex...
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Title IX
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law that prohibits discrimination based on sex
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George Wallace
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Governor of Alabama
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Lester Maddox
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Governor of Georgia
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Jackie Robinson
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black baseball player
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Litigation
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rules and practices used when solving disputes
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Filibuster
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obstructing legislation due to long speeches
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Plessy v Ferguson
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separate but equal
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Brown v Board of Education
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integration of schools. Schools ordered to segregate with all deliberate speed
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Regents of University of California v Bakke
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discrimination of admissions. racial quotas
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Roe v Wade
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abortion rights
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Mendez V. Westminster
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segregation of Mexican Americans in schools
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Delgado v. Bastrop ISD
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segregation of all schools except for 1st grade
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Sweatt v Painter
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separate schools only if equal
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Hernandez v Texas
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Mexican Americans seen as other whites.
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White v. Register
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districts discriminatory actions regarding race and population
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Edgewood ISD v Kirby
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segregated schools must have equal finance system
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Tinker v Desmoines
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protests from students was shut down
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Wisconsin v Yoder
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sending children to high school violation
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14th Amendment
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defines citizenship
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Watts Riots
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Los Angeles suburbs riots
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Mapp v Ohio
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evidence seized illegally can not be used in court
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Gideon v Wainwright
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free legal counsel
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Escobedo v. Illinios
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accused person has right to lawyer
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Miranda v Arizona
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suspects must read rights before questioning
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CORE
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Congress of Racial Equality. Sit-ins and freedom riders
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NAACP
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brown v. board
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SNCC
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freedom summer
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SCLC
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Selma March
