question

Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages except

answer

cilia

question

Spriochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to appendages called

answer

periplasmic flagella (axial filaments)

question

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called

answer

fimbriae

question

The transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation involves rigid, tubular appendages called

answer

sex pili

question

All bacterial cells have

answer

a chromosome

question

The term that refers to the presences of flagella all over the cell surface is

answer

peritichous

question

The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the cell's

answer

cell wall

question

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be

answer

protein sythesis would stop

question

A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has

answer

flagella

question

Which structure protects bacter from being phagocytized?

answer

capsule

question

If bacter living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment, the cell structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is

answer

cell wall

question

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial

answer

cell walls

question

All of the following structures contribute to the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause disease except

answer

inclusions

question

A procaryotic cell wall that has primarily peptidoglycan with small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid is

answer

gram positive

question

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is

answer

Mycobacterium

question

All of the following pertain to endotoxins except

answer

they are found in acid fast bacterial cell walls

question

The difference in cell wall structure of Mycobacterium and Nocardia compared to the typical gram positive bacterial cell wall structure is

answer

predominance of unique, waxy, lipids

question

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell wall component of

answer

gram negative bacteria

question

The periplasmic space is

answer

an important reaction site for substances entering and leaving the cell

question

Which of the following, pertaining to prokaryotic cell membranes, is mismatched?

answer

unique hydrocarbon present - cyanobacteria

question

The sites for most ATP synthesis in prokaryotic cells is/are the

answer

Cell membrane

question

The bacterial chromosome

answer

is part of the nucleoid

question

Which is mismatched?

answer

plasmids - genes essential for growth and metabolism

question

Magnetosomes are

answer

composed of magnetic iron oxide particles

question

The function of bacterial endospores is

answer

for protection of genetic material during harsh conditions

question

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects calcium dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure?

answer

endospore

question

Endospores are

answer

All of the choices are correct

question

Bacterial endospores are not produced by

answer

Staphylococcus

question

Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shapes?

answer

tetrad

question

Which statement is not a characteristic of biofilms?

answer

They involve bacteria only.

question

An important indicator of evolutionary relatedness is to determine

answer

nitrogen base sequence of rRNA

question

Which phylum is mismatched?

answer

None of the choices are mismatched.

question

Which is mismatched?

answer

Cyanobacteria - filamentous, gliding, thermophilic bacteria

question

The presence of thylakoids, phycocyanin, gas inclusions and cysts would be associated with

answer

cyanobacteria

question

When a rod shaped bacteria is short and plump, it is called a

answer

coccobacillus.

question

Sarcinae refers to

answer

a cuboidal packet of cells

question

What is the correct sequence for a Gram stain?

answer

crystal violet, Gram's iodine, alcohol, safranin

question

All of the following are correct about biofilms except

answer

they are harmless aggregations of microbes

question

Bacteria with small bunches of flagella emerging from the same site are said to be

answer

lophotrichous

question

All of the following are correct about a slime layer except

answer

it plays a role in cell motility

question

Lysozyme, an enzyme found in tears, provides a natural defense against bacteria by

answer

hydrolyzing peptidoglycan in cell walls

question

In the Gram stain, the mordant is

answer

iodine

question

Which cell structure is an important agent in modern genetic engineering techniques?

answer

plasmids

question

A microorganism has been described to you as living in hot acidic habitats in the waste piles of coal mines that regularly sustain a pH of 1 and a temperature of nearly 60degrees C. Which type of organism do you immediately assume it is?

answer

Arhcaea

question

Archaea do not have the typical peptidoglycan structure found in bacterial cell walls.

answer

True

question

Bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma and bacteria called L-forms lack cell walls.

answer

True

question

Gram negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

answer

False

question

Hot carbol fuchsin is the primary dye in the acid fast stain.

answer

True

question

The region between the bacterial cell membrane and the cell wall is called the outer membrane.

answer

False

question

The prokaryotic cell membrane is a site for many enzymes and metabolic reactions.

answer

True

question

If during the gram stain procedure, the bacterial cells were viewed immediately after crystal violet was applied, gram positive cells would be purple but gram negative cells would be colorless.

answer

False

question

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body, germinate, and cause an infectious disease.

answer

True

question

Iodine is the decolorizer in the Gram stain.

answer

False

question

If you observe rod shaped, pink cells on a slide that had just been gram stained, you can assume that their cell walls contain endotoxin.

answer

True

question

The term diplococci refers to an irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells.

answer

False

question

Which of the following is a major component of biological plasma membranes?

answer

phospholipids

question

Which of these cellular structures may not be present in all procaryotes?

answer

cell wall

question

Which of the following is most likely non-motile?

answer

cocci

question

An enfolding of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane that increases membrane surface area and provides an area of attachment for the DNA during replication

answer

mesosome

question

The bacterial cell membrane

a. secretes enzymes
b. participates in DNA segregation in cell division
c. allows concentration of nutrients
d. regulates transport into and out of the cell
e. all of these

answer

all of these

question

Describes the flagella movement within procaryotes

answer

"motor-boat" like

question

An endotoxin is associated with some

answer

gram negative cell walls

question

The short appendages on some gram negative bacteria that function in adhering to surfaces are

answer

fimbriae

question

Endospores

answer

form in response to adverse conditions and germinate whenever external conditions become favorable

question

The DNA in a cell that is not part of the chromosome is a

answer

plasmid

question

A bacillus that was covered with many flagella over its entire surface would be

answer

peritrichous

question

Which portion of the LPS molecule is most toxic?

answer

Lipid A

question

What means do microorganisms use for locomotion
a. rotary motility
b. amoeboid movement
c. flagella
d. gliding motility
e. all of these

answer

all of these

question

A gram negative cell that has lost its cell wall is a

answer

spheroplast

question

The presence of this stubstance makes endospores temperature resistant

answer

calcium dipicolinate

question

This type of cellular morphology is describes as pairs of spherical cells

answer

diplococci

question

Spiral bacteria that are fexible and can wiggle their bodies like a snake due to axial filaments are

answer

spirochetes

question

The properties of the glycocalyx include which of the following?

answer

ingibit dessication

question

The cell structure associated with increased virulence due to the inhibition of phagocytosis is

answer

the capsule

question

The necessity for elaborate sterilization procedures in hospitals and canneries is due to

answer

endospores

question

The following terms are associated with endospores except

answer

heat sensitive

question

The following belong together except

answer

plasmid

question

The appendages that facilitate the transfer of DNA from one cell to another are

answer

pili

question

Flagella are anchored to the plasma membrane by a series of hooks and rings called

answer

basal body

question

Some bacteria adhere to the surfaces of teeth via their glycocalyces and entrap other oral bacteria. This layer of polysaccharide and entrapped bacterial cells is called

answer

dental plaque

question

Some bacteria possess a polysaccharide surface layer that is less firmly attached to the bacterial cell than a "capsule" and is called a

answer

slime layer

question

Sporosarcina, Bacillus, and ____ have endospores.

answer

Clostridium

question

Which type of unusual prokaryote causes many types of fevers such as Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

answer

Rickettsia

question

Which type of Archaea converts CO2 and H2 into methane?

answer

methanogens

question

The genus with no cell walls is _____ .

answer

Mycoplasma

question

What part of the prokaryotic cell assists in separating the DNA during replication?

answer

mesosomes

question

The genus ____ requires a cellular host, causes sexually transmitted diseases, and worldwide blindness.

answer

Clamydia

question

All procaryotic cells lack a true nucleus.

answer

True

question

Spheroplasts are formed when gram positive microbes do not form a cell wall during reproduction while growing in an osmotically friendly environment.

answer

False

question

______ is an extra-cellular structure that is involved in exchange of genetic material called conjugation.

answer

Pili

question

________ is the term that refers to the negative or positive chemical attraction of microbes to their environment.

answer

chemotaxis

question

______ is the term taht refers to false motility that's due to environmental motion.

answer

Brownian movement

question

_______ these structures are also reerred to as adhesions becuase they allow adherence to host cells.

answer

fimbriae

question

Swelling or branching of cells in old cultures: Involution forms

Extra-chromosomal piece of DNA: plasmid

Prevents desiccation and inhibits phagocytosis by host cells: capsule

Storage from or inorganic phosphates: Metachromatic granules

Survival mechanism in dry environments: endospores

Protective layer formed by microbes in aquatic environments: Bio-film

Site of protein synthesis: ribosomes

Flexible helix: spirochetes

Diplococcus: two cocci in pairs

Rickettsias: Obligate intracellular parasites

answer

question

What is the causative agent of Strep throat?

answer

Streptococcus pyogenes

question

Which of the following is most likely NOT a common cause of pneumonia?

answer

Bordetella pertussis

question

Corynebacterium diptheriae causes the disease commonly called

answer

diphtheria

question

Whooping cough is caused by

answer

Bordetella pertussis

question

This disease is often diagnosed by the observance of "tubercules" on chest X-rays.

answer

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

question

Infantile botulism is associated with the ingestion of

answer

endospores in honey

question

Bacillus food poisoning is associated with the ingestion of

answer

starchy foods such as rice

question

Which of the following organisms may be the causative agent of food poisoning?

a. Bacillus cereus
b. Salmonella
c. Shigella
d. Vibrio cholera
e. Staphylococcus
f. all of the above

answer

all of the above

question

Is a common cause of stomach ulcers?

answer

Helicobacter pylori

question

Monetzuma's Revenge is associated with the following organism?

answer

Escherichia coli

question

Clostridium tetani causes a disease commonly referred to as

answer

Lockjaw

question

What is the causative agent of Typhoid Fever?

answer

Salmonella typhi

question

What is the causative agent of Toxic Shock Syndrome?

answer

Staphylococcus aureus

question

What is the causative agent of the Plaque?

answer

Yersinia pestis

question

What is the causative agent of Relapsing Fever?

answer

Borrelia recurrentis

question

What is the causative agent of Lyme's Disease?

answer

Borrelia burgdorferi

question

The Rickettsial Diseases, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, is transmitted via

answer

tick bites

question

The Rickettsial Diseases, Murine Typhus, is transmitted via

answer

rat fleas

question

The Rickettsial Diseases, Scrub Typhus, is transmitted via

answer

chiggers

question

The Rickettsial Diseases, Epidemic Typhus, is transmitted via

answer

body lice

question

Brucellosis is transmitted to human via

answer

unpasteurized milk or direct contact with infected animals

question

Neisseria gonorrhea is the causative agent of

answer

Gonorrhea

question

Treponema pallidum is the causative agent of

answer

Syphillis

question

Mycobacterium leprae is the causative agent of

answer

Leprosy

question

Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of

answer

Anthrax

question

Propionibacterium acnes is the causative agent of

answer

Acne

question

Haemophilus aegyptius is the causative agent of

answer

pink eye

question

Neisseria gonorrhea is the causative agent of

answer

Opthalmia neonatorum

question

Chlamydia is the causative agent of

answer

trachoma

Unit 4 Lecture – Flashcards

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