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Activity

answer

State of being involved. Can have purpose, but might not be meaningful. Goal directed.

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Areas of Occupation

answer

Various life activities including activities of daily living, (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), self-care, education, work, play, leisure and social participation. *Core concept of occupational therapy.

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Client

answer

A term used to refer to those who are being served in a mental health or training facility.

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Contrived

answer

Made up activities (not in real setting) used to help simulate the skills for the actual desired activity (e.g. pretending to throw a ball).

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Function

answer

Action for which a person is specifically fitted; the ability to perform.

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Goal

answer

End toward which effort is directed.

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Independence

answer

Being self-reliant

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Media

answer

Objects and materials used to facilitate change.

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Occupation

answer

Activity in which one engages that is meaningful and helps to define who we are; Everyday things we do that are meaningful to us. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

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Occupation-Centered

answer

Activities based in their natural setting (e.g. playing catch with friends).

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Occupational Performance

answer

The ability to carry out ADLs (activities of daily life).

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OT (Occupational Therapist)

answer

A therapist that has master's degree, extensive education in theory and evaluation, and is considered professionally trained.

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Occupational Therapy

answer

The therapeutic use of everyday activities for the purpose of participation and engagement in everyday life. This includes physical, cognitive, and psychosocial function. Also promoting health and wellness.

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OTA (Occupational Therapy Assistant)

answer

An assistant supervised by an occupational therapist that has an associate's degree and is considered technically trained.

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(Occupational) Practitioner

answer

Either an occupational therapist or an occupational therapist assistant.

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Patient

answer

Referring to those served typically within a hospital or rehabilitation setting.

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Preparatory

answer

Activities that help the client prepare for purposeful activities. Getting ready i.e. touching fingers to thumbs.

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Purposeful

answer

Activity that is meaningful to a client and has an end product (e.g. throwing a ball at a target). *A core concept of occupational therapy.

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Therapy

answer

Treatment or prevention of an illness or disability by using goal directed activities that promote independence and function.

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Adolf Meyer

answer

Name the influential person: - Holistic perspective - A psycho-biological approach - Worked with Eleanor Clarke Slagle - Swiss physician - Formed philosophical base of OT (rhythm and balance)

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ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act of ) 1990

answer

Legislation that provides civil rights to all individuals with disabilities and provide accessibility at work and public settings. *Affected OT services

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AOTA (American Occupational Therapy Association)

answer

Established in 1921. The nationally recognized professional association for occupational therapy practitioners. Formerly known as the National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy.

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Arts and Crafts (Movement)

answer

The late 19th century movement that was started in reaction to the industrial revolution; emphasizing craftsmanship and design. Using hands to make items connected people to their work.

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BBA (Balanced Budget Act of ) 1997

answer

Legislation intended to reduce Medicare spending, create incentives for development of managed care pans, encourage enrollment in managed care plans, and limit fee-for-service payment and programs. *Affected OT services (a decrease in OT jobs)

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Benjamin Rush

answer

A Quaker who was the first physician to institute Moral Treatment practices in the United States.

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Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act

answer

Established in 1920. An Act that provided federal funds to states to provide vocational rehabilitation services to civilians with disabilities.

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Deinstitutionalism

answer

A plan developed in the 50's to reduce the population of mental institutions and focus on reforming mental hospitals processes to reduce learned helplessness. Getting patients out of hospitals and into communities.

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Education of All Handicapped Children Act of 1975

answer

Act that established the right of all children to a free and appropriate education, regardless of handicapping condition. The beginning of IEPs. *Affected OT services

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Eleanor Clarke Slagle

answer

Name the influential person: - A social worker that developed habit training - Organized the first school for occupational therapy - Worked with Adolf Meyer - An award is given in her honor annually - Mother of occupational therapy

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Gary Kielhofner

answer

A Dr. that developed the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) which is the most evidence-based model of practice in occupational therapy (1949 - 2010)

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George Edward Barton

answer

Name the influential person: - An architect in the early 1900's - Opened the Consolation House for convalescent patients - Occupation was used as a method of treatment. - Suffered from tuberculosis, paralysis and foot amputation.

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Habit Training

answer

A re-education program dedicated to restoring and maintaining health by directing activity to construct new habits and discarding ineffective ones. Developed by Eleanor Slagle.

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Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Act of 1986

answer

An amendment to the Education of All Handicapped Children Act; includes children from three to five years of age and initiates new early intervention programs for children from birth to three years.

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Herbert Hall

answer

Name the influential person: - Harvard physician - Adapted the arts and crafts movement for medical purposes and treatment - Originally called "work cure". - Worked with patients diagnosed with Neurasthenia.

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Holistic

answer

A psychobiological approach encouraged by Adolf Meyer that deems that each individual should be seen as a complete and unified whole. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

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(Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) IDEA of 1991

answer

Legislation that requires school districts to educate students with disabilities in the least restrictive environment (alongside students without disabilities). This was amended in 1997 to improve educational opportunities for children. *Affected OT services

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Medicare

answer

Enacted in 1965; legislation that provides health care assistance for individuals 65 years or older or those who are permanently and totally disabled. *Affected OT services (limited service)

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Moral Treatment

answer

The belief that all people, even the most challenged, are entitled to consideration and human compassion. Even if confined, the existence should be more bearable. Conceived by Pinel and Tuke.

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NSPOT (National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy)

answer

Formed on March 15, 1917 (until 1921); marked the birth of the profession of occupational therapy.

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Philippe Pinel

answer

Name the influential person: - A physician in France who introduced "work treatment" for the insane in the late 1700's - Part of the Moral Treatment Movement - Used occupation to divert the patients' minds away from their emotional disturbances and towards improvement. - Used physical exercise, work music, literature, and farming in his treatments - Published work in 1801

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PPS (Prospective Payment System)

answer

A method of reimbursement in which Medicare payment is made based on a predetermined, fixed amount which is constructed from a classification system. Diagnosis-related groupings were created (DRGs).

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Reconstruction Aides

answer

Began in 1917 by Woodrow Wilson. Civilians who helped rehabilitate soldiers who had been injured in WWI so that they could either return to active military duty or be employed in a civilian job.

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Reductionistic

answer

The concept of isolating, defining, and treating body functions and focus on a specific area.

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Rehabilitation Act of 1973

answer

An Act that: - Gives equal rights for individuals with disabilities - Emphasized the need for rehabilitation research - Priority service for persons with the most severe disabilities. - Allowed the patient to be involved with his own treatment planning. - Development of standards that can be assessed

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Rehabilitation Movement

answer

From 1942 - 1960 in which Veterans Administration hospitals increased in size and number to handle the casualties of war and continued care of veterans.

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Soldier's Rehabilitation Act

answer

An act established in 1918 (post WWI) that established a program of vocational rehabilitation for soldiers who were disabled during active duty.

question

Susan Cox Johnson

answer

Name the influential person: - A 1900's designer and teacher - Demonstrated that occupation could be morally uplifting and could improve the mental and physical state of patients and inmates in public hospitals and almshouses - Taught OT and advocated for higher education standards.

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Susan Tracy

answer

Name the influential person: - A nurse involved in the Arts and Crafts movement - Trained nurses in the use of occupations - Published 1910, Studies in Invalid Occupation - Wrote the first book about OT

question

Technology Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988

answer

An Act that addressed the availability of assistive technology devices and services to individuals with disabilities.

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Thomas Kidner

answer

A Canadian architect who was influential in establishing a presence for occupational therapy in vocational rehabilitation and tuberculosis treatment.

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William (Rush) Dunton

answer

Name the influential person: - Introduced a regimen of crafts for his patients at Sheppard Asylum. - Published Occupational Therapy: A Manual for Nurses in 1915. - President and treasurer of National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy for 21 years. - The father of occupational therapy

question

William Tuke

answer

Name the influential person: - Part of the Moral Treatment Movement - An English Quaker and wealthy merchant who established a York retreat instead of the asylum - Believed in moral treatment and approaching patients with kindness and consideration - Published work in 1813

question

WWI

answer

Centralized in Europe from 1914 to 1918. Reconstructions Aids took care of veterans and a link between OT and physical disabilities began.

question

WWII

answer

This was another boost for the OT field that required emergency courses, accredited schools, and a new demand for occupational therapy.

question

AOTF (American Occupational Therapy Foundation)

answer

This foundation was formed in 1965 to promote research and occupational therapy through financial support.

question

OTA (Occupational Therapy Assistant)

answer

This profession began in 1958 to provide supportive personnel to occupational therapists.

question

NBCOT (National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy)

answer

The organization responsible for administering the national certification exam.

question

1921

answer

What year was the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) was established?

question

1990

answer

What year was the Americans with Disabilities Act established?

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1965

answer

What year was the American Occupational Therapy Foundation (AOTF) established?

question

1997

answer

What year was the Balanced Budget Act (BBA) established?

question

1920

answer

What year was the Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act established?

question

1975

answer

What year was the Education for All Handicapped Children Act established?

question

1986

answer

What year was the Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Act amendment established?

question

1991

answer

What year was the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act established?

question

1965

answer

What year was medicare established?

question

1917

answer

What year was the National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy (NSPOT) established?

question

1958

answer

What year was the occupational therapy assistant (OTA) profession started?

question

1917

answer

What year did jobs for reconstruction aides begin?

question

1942 - 1960

answer

When was the Rehabilitation Movement?

question

1918

answer

What year was the Soldiers Rehabilitation Act established?

question

1988

answer

What year was the Technology Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act established?

question

Active Being

answer

The view of humans as actively involved in controlling and determining their own behavior. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

question

Activity

answer

State or condition of being involved (participant); a general class of human actions that is goal-directed.

question

Adaptation

answer

A change in function that promotes survival and self-actualization. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

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Altruism

answer

The unselfish concern for the welfare of others. *A core value in OT

question

Axiology

answer

The study of values. "What is the right conduct?"

question

Client-Centered

answer

An approach in which the client, family, and significant others are active participants throughout the therapeutic process. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

question

Dignity

answer

The quality or state of being worthy, honored, or esteemed. *A core value in OT

question

Epistemology

answer

The study of the nature, origin, and limits of human knowledge. "How do we learn things?" and "How do we know that we know things?"

question

Equality

answer

The treatment of all individuals with an attitude of fairness and impartiality and the respecting of each individual's beliefs, values, and lifestyles. *A core value in OT

question

Freedom

answer

An individual's right to exercise choice. *A core value in OT

question

Humanism

answer

The belief that the client should be treated as a person, not an object. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

question

Justice

answer

The need for all occupational therapy practitioners to abide by the laws that govern the practice and the legal rights to the client. *A core value in OT

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Metaphysical

answer

Philosophical component that addresses questions of the nature of humankind.

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(Occupation) as a Means

answer

To improve, restore, or compensate a skill to make change happen (e.g. initiating conversation to improve social skills). Might not be meaningful. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

question

(Occupation) as an End

answer

Engaging in the occupation is the goal of the intervention. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

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Occupational Performance

answer

The ability to carry out activities in the area of occupation.

question

Phenomenological View

answer

The meaning that people attach to things. That which is meaningful and provides satisfaction that is determined by the experience of the individual.

question

Professional Philosophy

answer

A set of values, beliefs, truths, and principals that guide the practitioner's actions.

question

Prudence

answer

The ability to demonstrate sound judgement, care, and discretion. *A core value in OT

question

Quality of Life

answer

A relative measurement of what is meaningful and what provides satisfaction to an individual. *A core concept of occupational therapy.

question

Role

answer

Set of expected behaviors or duties for short or long terms.

question

Reductionistic

answer

The concept of isolating, defining, and treating body functions and focus on a specific area.

question

Task

answer

The basic units of action...smaller steps.

question

Truthfulness

answer

The value demonstrated through behavior that is accountable, honest, and accurate, and that maintains one's professional competence. *A core value in OT

question

IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living)

answer

Activities which involve interacting with the environment (chores).

question

Aging in Place

answer

Elderly people staying at home and living independently or with minimal assistance.

question

Assistive Technology

answer

Devices that aid a person in his or her daily life as necessary (helped by the Act of 1988).

question

(AOTA) Centennial Vision

answer

"We envision that occupational therapy is a powerful, widely recognized, science-driven, and evidence-based profession with a globally connected and diverse workforce meeting society's occupational needs."

question

Driver Rehabilitation Specialists

answer

An occupation therapy practitioner who evaluates and intervenes in physical, social, cognitive, and psychosocial aspects of functioning that affect driving skills.

question

Ergonomics

answer

The science of fitting jobs to people.

question

Evidence-Based Practice

answer

Basing practice on the best available, most researched ideas.

question

Licensure Laws

answer

Laws set in place to protect the public from unethical, incompetent, or unauthorized practitioners. This gives a legal definition of occupational therapy and the domain of occupational therapy practice that differentiates from other professions.

question

Participatory Research

answer

Involves the clinician, client, and faculty member in the research process.

question

Vision

answer

A statement that is developed to lead the future direction of a profession or organization. It clarifies values, the future, and a mission.

question

(Section) 504

answer

This section of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 provides services to children in school that don't qualify for IDEA. Gives reasonable accommodations so persons with disabilities may participate in programs or activities. *Affected OT services

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