Question 1

Person-centered therapy, a popular approach to psychotherapy originated by Carl Rogers, was initially known as:

Accepted Answer

b. non-directive therapy

Question 2

Rogers believed that people are rational beings ruled by:

Accepted Answer

b. a conscious perception of themselves and their experiential world

Question 3

According to Rogers, the ultimate goal in life is:

Accepted Answer

a. to become a fully functioning person by actualizing the self

Question 4

Rogers\'s personality was greatly shaped by his childhood experience of:

Accepted Answer

b. living by his parents\' view of the world rather than his own

Question 5

Rogers\'s work in the field of psychology was influenced by his ______ in early childhood.

Accepted Answer

c. solitude and an insignificant social life

Question 6

During his trip to China, Rogers came to recognize the importance of ______ as a factor in his own development.

Accepted Answer

a. an autonomous self

Question 7

According to Rogers, counselors and social workers were emphasizing the wrong things in trying to treat delinquent children and adolescents. He believed that they should:

Accepted Answer

c. try to modify the children\'s self-insight

Question 8

Rogers believed that the tendency to actualize is:

Accepted Answer

c. innate

Question 9

According to Rogers, which of the following is part of the actualization tendency of people?

Accepted Answer

- physiological needs - psychological needs - process of maturation

Question 10

According to Rogers\'s beliefs, which of the following is motivated by the actualization tendency in people?

Accepted Answer

c. the development of physiological functioning

Question 11

According to Rogers, through the process of organismic valuing, people:

Accepted Answer

b. evaluate all life experiences in terms of their value for fostering or hindering their actualization and growth

Question 12

According to Rogers, the way one sees the environment is:

Accepted Answer

c. dependent on one\'s perception of it

Question 13

In the context of the actualization tendency, Rogers stated that our _____ become the only basis for our judgments and behaviors as we mature.

Accepted Answer

c. experiences

Question 14

The ______, in Rogers\'s view, is the process by which we judge experiences in terms of their merit for fostering or hindering our actualization and growth.

Accepted Answer

c. organismic valuing process

Question 15

What was Rogers view about the self?

Accepted Answer

- the self is our image of what we are and what we should be - the self is a consistent pattern - the self is an organized whole

Question 16

According to Rogers, in which of the following cases will infants cease to strive for actualization and development?

Accepted Answer

a. when parents disapprove of their new behavior

Question 17

In which of the following cases is approval granted regardless of a person\'s behavior?

Accepted Answer

- unconditional positive regard - positive self-regard

Question 18

In Rogers\'s person-centered therapy, the therapist offers the client:

Accepted Answer

d. unconditional positive regard

Question 19

In which of the following cases is approval, love, or acceptance granted only when a person expresses desirable behaviors and attitudes?

Accepted Answer

a. conditional positive regard

Question 20

The warning \"Of course, Mommy loves you... when you\'re good!\" is an example of:

Accepted Answer

c. conditional positive regard

Question 21

An idea in Rogers\'s theory similar to Freud\'s superego is:

Accepted Answer

b. conditions of worth

Question 22

According to Rogers\'s theory, conditions of worth evolve from:

Accepted Answer

d. enhancing positive regard leading to positive self-regard

Question 23

Rogers believed that once infants develop conditions of worth, they:

Accepted Answer

a. learn that parental affection has a price

Question 24

A study of adolescents, conducted by Assor & Tai, 2012, found that when their mothers used conditional positive self-regard to reward them for academic achievement, and punish them for non-achievement, _____.

Accepted Answer

d. their feelings of self-worth became erratic

Question 25

The discrepancy between a person\'s self-concept and aspects of his or her experience is called ______.

Accepted Answer

d. incongruence

Question 26

Our level of psychological adjustment and emotional health is a function of the extent to which our:

Accepted Answer

a. self-concept is congruent with out experiences

Question 27

According to Rogers, all of the following are characteristics of fully functioning persons except:

Accepted Answer

c. unconditional positive regard

Question 28

Rogers believed that a fully functioning person:

Accepted Answer

d. is open to all experiences and feelings

Question 29

According to Carl Rogers, which of the following characteristics are present in a fully functioning person?

Accepted Answer

- awareness of all experiences - freedom of choice, without inhibitions - creativity and spontaneity

Question 30

To characterize a person who is fully functioning, Rogers used the term ______, not ______, which implies that self-development is always in progress.

Accepted Answer

d. actualizing; actualized

Question 31

According to Rogers, although the actualization tendency of human beings is innate, the actualizing process itself is influenced more by _____ forces than by ______ forces.

Accepted Answer

d. social; biological

Question 32

In Rogers\'s view of human nature, _____.

Accepted Answer

d. no aspect of personality is predetermined

Question 33

Rogers believed that childhood experiences:

Accepted Answer

d. have less impact on personality development than do experiences later in life

Question 34

Rogers\'s technique of psychotherapy is called:

Accepted Answer

a. person-centered therapy

Question 35

Rogers believed that personality should be assessed through:

Accepted Answer

b. a person\'s subjective experiences

Question 36

In Rogers\'s approach to therapy, the therapist provides:

Accepted Answer

a. unconditional positive regard

Question 37

Rogers developed a group therapy technique in which people learn about their feelings and about how they relate to one another. He called this approach the:

Accepted Answer

c. encounter group

Question 38

The technique in which a person arranges statements about the self-concept into categories that range from most descriptive to least descriptive is called the _____ technique.

Accepted Answer

b. Q-sort

Question 39

Self-reports form children whose parents used conditional regard showed that the children had:

Accepted Answer

c. poor coping skills and fluctuating levels of self-esteem

Question 40

Rogers believed that failure to realize our innate _____ can lead to maladjustment.

Accepted Answer

d. actualization tendency

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