The telecom and datacom industries Essay Example

especially for LANs, but it has limitations such as electronic switching limitations, costs, and poor scalability. For larger and more complex connections, efficient resource management, routing, and traffic engineering are the most effective mechanisms. Combining these mechanisms can further improve effectiveness (Ergin, Gruteser, Luo, Raychaudhuri, & Liu, 2008). On a smaller scale, Best effort is an equivalent and simple approach to over provisioning. DiffServ offers greater scalability and utilizes packet tagging as a per-aggregate-class service discrimination technique compared to IntServ.

The flexibility of DiffServ is also enhanced by the separation of policy and supporting mechanisms. Traffic policing is crucial in preventing violations of QoS for video and other non-real time traffic. This type of traffic does not have quantifiable parameters and requires as much bandwidth as possible, often at the expense of video, audio, and real-time traffic (Zhao, Olshefski, & Schulzrinne, 2009). Admission control can also achieve this goal by preventing QoS violations and smoothing traffic flows. However, it may perform poorly when dealing with highly unpredictable and varied data. Additional valuable QoS mechanisms include bandwidth brokerage, QoS routing, scheduling, queuing management, multi-protocol label switching, and label distribution controls. These mechanisms have been or can be deployed to ensure QoS.

The integration of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology allows for efficient transmission of video traffic over the internet without impacting the transmission of other data. MPLS offers a wide range of functionality without significant cost implications, making it a highly practical and valuable tool. Studies conducted by Jaffar, Hashim, & Hamzah (2009), Dar & Latif (2010), and Stiller (2009) demonstrate the superior efficiency of DiffServ-MPLS in handling video traffic, including aspects such as quality, efficiency, scalability, and

potential for performance improvement. This research highlights the trade-offs between scalability and quality of service (QoS), QoS and costs, and QoS and practicality when selecting technologies to ensure high-quality service for video and other types of traffic. The effectiveness and application of these mechanisms have been extensively tested, with Jaffar, Hashim, & Hamzah (2009) specifically investigating their application in converged networks and finding them to be highly useful.

The significance of QoS in mobile phones, particularly in relation to efficiency, was demonstrated by IXIA (2011). Security concerns regarding video and other applications have been raised, specifically in PSTN technologies and VoIP. It is evident that implementing security protocols to safeguard network traffic slows down the traffic flow, placing additional strain on available resources. Some QoS mechanisms have the potential to be used without expanding network infrastructure, as stated by Fiandrotti, Gallucci, Masala, & Magli (2009). While networking resources are scarce, there is enough capacity to support high-quality transmission of video and audio traffic. However, the primary challenges that hinder the growth of multimedia traffic are security and quality. Exploring various research avenues has the potential to yield significant results for the industry in the future. One such avenue is the management and architecture for differentiated traffic engineering (DTE), which could greatly impact video quality of service provisioning.

The development of algorithms and rules for monitoring and managing DTE, specifically for modified paths, is a valuable research area with the potential to speed up advancements in video QoS. Further research is also needed on DiffSer-MPLS, wider MPLS, and similar technologies, as suggested by Jaffar, Hashim, & Hamzah (2009).