The Social War
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When was the Social War
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90-88 BC
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Who fought in the Social War?
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Roman Republic vs. several Italian city-states who had previously been Roman allies
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Who fought on the Roman side of the war?
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Pompeius Strabo and Marius under consul P. Rutilius Lupus in north, T. Didius and Sulla under L. Caesar in south
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Who fought on the Italian side of the war?
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mainly the Marsi, Samnites, and Paeligni
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Which Latins and Italians did not revolt?
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Etruscans and Gauls in north Italy
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Where was the Social War fought?
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Italy
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What are alternative names for the Social War?
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Italic War, Marsic War
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Why was it called the Social War?
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because Rome was fighting against its previous \"socii\", or allies
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Why did the Social War begin?
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Latin and Italians wanted full Roman citizenship and Drusus was assassinated when he tried to help them gain citizenship
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What were the rights of the Latins and Italians before the war?
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can't vote in Rome, no rights against the power of the Roman magistrates who were starting to abuse their power
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What were the benefits of full Roman citizenship?
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free grain, land in colonies, freedom from direct taxes, higher pay in army, shorter military service
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Marcus Livius Drusus
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91 BC tribune who tries to pass a law giving citizenship to all Latins Italians, but Senate opposed and he was assassinated
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Marsi
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north Italian colony, one of the leaders of the uprising
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Samnites
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south Italian colony, one of the leaders of the uprising
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Corfinium
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renamed Italia, location of the headquarters for the rebels who created a confederacy with a Senate, officers, and special coinage
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Italian successes during the war
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the Italians defeated Roman armies in north 90 BC, Italians also successful in south and push into Campania
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Roman successes during the war
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89 Strabo defeats Italians near Asculum, Italia is abandoned, Sulla captures Italian headquarters at Bovianum Vetus
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Lucius Julius Caesar
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Roman consul who passed law granting Roman citizenship to all Italians who didn't revolt, also passed the Lex Plautia Papiria Caesar's uncle
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Lex Plautia Papiria
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law passed by L. Caesar giving citizenship to rebels who stopped fighting
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When did the war end?
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88 BC most fighting is finished; 84 BC all free-born Italians have citizenship
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What was the condition of the citizenship that the Latins and Italians received?
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they had to adopt Roman government s the model for their local government
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How did the Latins and Italians use their citizenship?
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they were still at disadvantage because few came to Rome to vote and their enrollment in the voting tribes was manipulated to dilute their voting power
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What was the result of the Social War?
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Italians gain citizenship, political unification of all Italy south of Po River
