Indus River Valley Flashcards, test questions and answers
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What is Indus River Valley?
The Indus River Valley is a region of South Asia that has had a major impact on the history of the world. It lies in present day India and Pakistan, and was one of the earliest known urban civilizations. The Indus River Valley Civilization (or Harappan Civilization) flourished from approximately 3300 to 1300 BCE. This ancient civilization was one of the most advanced cultures in its time period, with complex cities, advanced technology, an organized government, and a centralized economy. This civilization developed alongside two other great river valley civilizations: Mesopotamia and Egypt. Like these cultures, the Indus River Valley Civilization developed its own unique religion, culture and writing system. It also had complex irrigation systems to take advantage of the abundant water resources provided by the Indus River and its tributaries. The people living here were skilled artisans who created pottery with intricate designs as well as beautiful jewelry made out of gold and silver. The collapse of this civilization is still not fully understood but it is believed that it was caused by environmental degradation such as floods or drought due to climate change or over-exploitation of resources like water for farming leading to soil erosion. Other theories point towards external invasions or social unrest caused by class differences within their society as possible causes for this decline in population around 1900 BCE when most cities were abandoned. Despite its sudden collapse more than 3 millennia ago, evidence suggests that this civilization left a lasting impact on later cultures in South Asia such as those found in Mohenjo-daro (present day Pakistan) which adopted many aspects from this ancient culture including pottery styles and jewelry designs. The Indus River Valley Civilization also left us knowledge about how early man harnessed nature’s resources for their benefit which can still be seen today through modern irrigation systems used around the world based off their ancient design principles.