question

communication

answer

__________ is the process by which individuals use symbols and behaviors to exchange information. a. encoding b. decoding c. communication d. perception

question

functional

answer

A/An __________ perspective of communication examines how communication helps (or doesn't help) to accomplish our goals in personal, group, organizational, or public situations. a. interdependent b. interdisciplinary c. interpersonal d. functional

question

what we do affects others, and what they do affects us.

answer

The best definition of interdependence from the list below is a. what we do affects others, and what they do affects us. b. a person's self-esteem is dependent on whether another person needs him or her. c. being able to communicate effectively to meet one's needs. d. a reluctance to communicate with others.

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to exchange information

answer

All of the following have been identified as the primary reasons why we communicate except for which one? a. to express affiliation b. to exchange information c. to achieve goals d. to influence others

question

affiliation

answer

While on a first date, you notice your date leaning in toward you, meeting your gaze, smiling when you make eye contact, and laughing at your jokes—you infer from your date's behavior that he or she likes you. This scenario best represents the use of communication to express a. control b. affiliation c. goal achievement d. influence over another person

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control

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The ability of one person, group, or organization to influence others, and the manner in which their relationships are conducted is called a. control b. affiliation c. interdependence d. goal achievement

question

symbol

answer

The word "dog" is a __________, an arbitrary construction that refers to the canine companion that sleeps at the foot of your bed. a. code b. channel c. symbol d. behavior

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encoding

answer

After looking in your book bag and realizing you forgot to grab a pen, you lean over to one of your classmates and you say, "Do you have a pen I can borrow for class today?" You have just engaged in what mental process as you constructed your message? a. encoding b. decoding c. coding d. symbolizing

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decoding

answer

The process of receiving a message by interpreting and assigning meaning to it is referred to as a. encoding b. decoding c. translating d. inquiring

question

culture

answer

The shared beliefs, values, and practices of a group of people is their a. communication relationship b. culture c. norms d. co-culture

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perception

answer

"A cognitive process through which we interpret our experiences and form our own unique understandings" is best associated with which of the following terms? a. perception b. selecting information c. mindfulness d. communication

question

the means by which you gather, organize, and evaluate the information you receive.

answer

Communication processing can be defined as a. the encoding and decoding of messages between two or more communicators. b. the use of technology such as cell phones or Internet chat programs to process and transmit information. c. the means by which you gather, organize, and evaluate the information you receive. d. putting chunks of information together to form patterns and create meaning at a more complex level.

question

schema

answer

People sometimes feel uncertain in new situations where they do not know what to expect. This uncertainty develops because the person does not have a/an __________ to guide his or her perception of the new event. a. stereotype b. schema c. attribution d. context

question

mindlessness

answer

Reduced cognitive activity, inaccurate recall, and uncritical evaluation are all signs that a state of __________ is challenging one's perception. a. selective attention b. undue influence c. narrow perspective d. mindlessness

question

selective perception

answer

Edgar, who is a communication major, finds himself frustrated by the number of times his professors say "umm," mispronounce words, and use awkward gestures—so much so that he often misses the point of their lectures. Edgar's perceptions are best attributed to which of the following? a. interaction appearance theory b. selective perception c. mindlessness d. fundamental attribution theory

question

undue influence

answer

Brianna is planning a vacation, and even though she really wants to go someplace quiet and relaxing, she has settled on a trip to Miami because her older sister told her she should go someplace with a great night life. Which of the following seems to be challenging Brianna's perception? a. interaction appearance b. narrow perspective c. undue influence d. selective perception

question

interaction appearance theory

answer

Which theory helps explain how people change their attributions of someone's physical appearance as they communicate with them more? a. interaction appearance theory b. fundamental attribution theory c. communication processing theory d. cultural myopia theory

question

fundamental attribution error.

answer

When Joe shows up late to meet his friends for dinner, he explains that he is late because he was held up in traffic. His friend Maggie reminds him, though, that they all drove in the same traffic, but that everyone else left early to accommodate the rush hour. The differences in their perception is best associated with a. mindlessness b. interaction appearance theory. c. mindfulness d. fundamental attribution error.

question

Verify your perceptions, be thoughtful when you seek explanations, and look beyond first impressions.

answer

What three recommendations have been made for improving perception? a. Verify your perceptions, be thoughtful when you seek explanations, and look beyond first impressions. b. Narrow your perspective, verify your perceptions, and be careful of stereotyping. c. Remove barriers to your perception, be mindful of others' feelings, and consider your first impressions. d. Stick to the facts, ask questions, and adjust your perspective when needed.

question

cultural myopia

answer

Failing to consider other cultural perspectives because of a belief that one's own culture is appropriate and relevant in all situations and to all people is associated with which term? a. stereotyping b. prejudice c. cultural myopia d. undue influence

question

Language

answer

__________ is a system of symbols, governed by grammatical rules that we use to think about and communicate experiences and feelings. a. Denotative code d. Connotative code c. Language d. body language

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denotative meaning.

answer

The consistently accepted definition of a word is referred to as its a. denotative meaning. b. connotative meaning. c. encoded meaning. d. cognitive language.

question

connotative meaning

answer

When Joe's roommate asks if Joe would bring his cat home after the winter holidays, Joe remembers how his aunt's house smelled like a soiled litter box and that there was cat hair all over the furniture. Joe feels a great sense of reluctance. His response is related to what kind of meaning for cat? a. denotative meaning b. connotative meaning c. encoded meaning d. cognitive language

question

phonological rules

answer

Grammatical rules that dictate how words should be pronounced are referred to as. a. syntactical rules. b. phonetic rules. c. phonological rules. d. articulation rules.

question

control

answer

Andy compliments his mother's new hairstyle just before he asks her if she can loan him some money for the weekend, hoping that this will put her in a good mood and improve his chances of getting the loan. His compliment is serving which functional communication competency? a. feeling b. ritualizing c. informing d. control

question

equivocation

answer

Using abstract words that have unclear or misleading definitions to get out of an uncomfortable situation is referred to as a. euphemizing b. equivocation c. evasion d. imagining

question

euphemism

answer

Jane says her cousin is "big boned" instead of saying she's overweight, obese, or fat, because she understands those other terms might have insulting connotations. What type of language abstraction is Jane using? a. jargon b. euphemism c. equivocation d. evasion

question

slang

answer

When Ashleigh confides in her friend that she thinks her boyfriend might be cheating, her friend says, "Girl, he is a dog!" What language form did Ashleigh's friend use? a. jargon b. slang c. euphemism d. equivocation

question

jargon

answer

Technical language that is specific to members of a particular profession, interest group, or hobby is referred to as a. euphemism b. slang c. jargon d. abstraction

question

semantics

answer

The relationship between symbols, objects, people, and concepts and the meaning that words have for people, either because of their definitions or their placement in a sentence, defines which of the following terms? a. pragmatics b. labeling c. semantics d. abstraction

question

nonverbal communication

answer

"The process of intentionally or unintentionally signaling meaning through behavior other than words" defines which of the following terms? a. verbal communication b. nonverbal communication c. body language d. encoding

question

You wave an old friend over to sit with you at lunch in the cafeteria.

answer

Which of the following is an example of a nonverbal behavior? a. You write a note asking your roommate to pick up your mail while you're out of town. b. You use American Sign Language to fingerspell your name when you meet a new deaf colleague at work. c. You wave an old friend over to sit with you at lunch in the cafeteria. d. You type a quick e-mail asking your professor if she has any feedback on the outline for your upcoming speech.

question

channel discrepancy

answer

__________ occurs when one set of a person's behaviors say one thing and another set of his or her behaviors says something different. a. feedback b. channel discrepancy c. distortion d. deception

question

substituting

answer

Which of the following does not represent the way nonverbal behaviors can clarify the meaning of a verbal message by reinforcing it? a. repeating b. complementing c. substituting d. accenting

question

repeating

answer

Your friend asks you how you're doing, and you say, "OK," while holding up your hand in the gesture Americans understand to be the OK sign. What reinforcing behavior are you using to clarify your message? a. repeating b. complementing c. accenting d. substituting

question

substituting

answer

Your friend asks you how you're doing, and you say, "OK," while holding up your hand in the gesture Americans understand to be the OK sign. What reinforcing behavior are you using to clarify your message? a. accenting b. substituting c. contradicting d. repeating

question

regulating

answer

Nonverbal behaviors that coordinate verbal interaction by helping us to navigate the back-and-forth of communication in a constructive, appropriate manner are serving which function? a. accenting b. repeating c. regulating d. substituting

question

kinesics

answer

What is commonly referred to as "body language" is actually the observation of __________, or the way our body movements and gestures send messages. a. kinesics b. proxemics c. oculesics d. chronemics

question

emblem

answer

During a church service, you silently hold one finger up to your mouth to communicate nonverbally to your little brother that he must be quiet. What category of body movement are you using to communicate your message? a. illustrator b. adaptor c. emblem d. affect display

question

adaptor

answer

While delivering your presentation, you begin to twist the ring on your right hand and your right leg begins to shake. What category of body movement is illustrated in this example? a. illustrator b. adaptor c. emblem d. regular

question

persuasive

answer

Speeches that are intended to influence the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of an audience are called a. informative b. persuasive c. special-occasion d. impromptu

question

special-occasion

answer

When a politician is asked to speak at the opening of a new library, he or she would be delivering which type of speech? a. informative b. persuasive c. special-occasion d. topical

question

demographics

answer

"The systematic study of the quantifiable characteristics of a large group" defines which of the following terms? a. audience analysis b. demographics c. statistical analysis d. surveying

question

brainstorming

answer

The process of amassing information, thinking creatively, and considering problems and solutions related to your topic is most closely associated with which of the following terms? a. clustering b. brainstorming c. audience analysis d. cognitive restructuring

question

clustering

answer

As Jill begins to prepare for her informative speech, she tries to come up with topic ideas by first writing down the name of the town where she was born, Chicago, and then writing down other words she associates with it. Eventually, she has a complex web of ideas spilled across the page that includes tourist attractions, sports teams, famous people who live or work there, and the great fire that nearly destroyed the city. What process has she used to come up with these potential topics? a. brainstorming b. clustering c. topic narrowing d. cognitive structuring

question

To have my audience know how to set up an aquarium and care for neon tetras

answer

Which of the following is a specific purpose statement? a. To inform about neon tetras b. To inform c. To have my audience know how to set up an aquarium and care for neon tetras d. Neon tetras are inexpensive and are easy to care for, making them an ideal pet for college students.

question

thesis

answer

A statement that conveys the central idea or core assumption about your topic is a __________ statement. a. general purpose b. specific purpose c. thesis d. topic

question

Organ donors are able to turn tragedy into a blessing by saving lives through their generous and selfless actions.

answer

Which of the following statements would be classified as a thesis statement? a. to persuade b. To convince my audience that organ donation is important in hopes that they will consider signing up to become an organ donor and eventually save someone's life c. Organ donation pros and cons d. Organ donors are able to turn tragedy into a blessing by saving lives through their generous and selfless actions.

question

expert testimony

answer

In her speech on the process of producing television news, Julia references an opinion statement made by a professor from Arizona State University who teaches a course in broadcast journalism. What type of research information is she using to support her speech? a. statistics b. lay testimony c. expert testimony d. an anecdote

question

statistics

answer

Numerical expressions used to show trends, size, or relationships are called a. testimony b. comparisons c. contrasts d. statistics

question

main points

answer

__________ are the central claims that support a speaker's specific purpose and thesis statement. a. key words b. main points c. subpoints d. facts

question

chronological

answer

The organizational pattern that presents the main points of a speech forward in a systematic, time-related fashion is named the __________ pattern. a. chronological b. topical c. spatial d. cause-effect

question

chronological pattern

answer

Brad is organizing his speech on the process of rebuilding a transmission. What organizational pattern would best suit his needs for this speech? a. tropical pattern b. spatial pattern c. chronological pattern d. cause-effect pattern

question

tropical pattern

answer

What organizational pattern do the following main points represent? I. Small breed dogs, like Chihuahuas, make an excellent pet for people who do not have a lot of physical space. II. Larger breed dogs, like Labrador Retrievers, make an excellent pet for people who have plenty of outdoor space. III. Other dogs, like Greyhounds, offer compassionate people an opportunity to rescue a pet that needs stability and TLC. a. topical pattern b. spatial pattern c. chronological pattern d. cause-effect pattern

question

spatial

answer

Which organizational pattern organizes the main points according to their physical proximity to or position in relation to one another? a. tropical b. spatial c. chronological d. proximal

question

alternative

answer

Which of the following is not one of the steps in the motivated sequence pattern? a. attention b. need c. alternatives d. satisfaction

question

presenting a story

answer

Speeches that use the narrative pattern focus on a. explaining a decision. b. describing a process. c. presenting a story. d. solving a problem.

question

transition

answer

"Words and phrases that connect different thoughts, points, and details in a way that allows them to flow naturally from one to the next" is most closely associated with which of the following terms? a. signposts b. preview c. subpoints d. transitions

question

signposts

answer

"First," "Additionally," and "Moving on" are all examples of what your textbook authors call a. signposts b. internal previews c. signifiers d. attention grabbers

question

allusion

answer

__________ involves making a vague or indirect reference to people, historical events, or concepts to give deeper meaning to the message. a. smile b. metaphor c. allusion d. alliteration

question

Public speaking anxiety

answer

__________ refers to the nervousness we experience when we know we have to communicate publicly to an audience. a. Communication apprehension b. Stage fright c. Public speaking anxiety d. Speech panic response

question

communication apprehension

answer

What do we call the general fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons? a. communication apprehension b. stage fright c. public speaking anxiety d. speech panic response

question

performance visualization

answer

While preparing for his speech, David took time each afternoon to imagine himself walking confidently to the front of the room, smiling at his audience, and then speaking calmly and confidently. Which technique is David using to build his confidence and reduce his anxiety? a. meditation b. systematic desensitization c. fear alleviation d. performance visualization

question

oratory

answer

Memorized delivery is also known as __________, which is an ancient public speaking tradition that is fairly uncommon today due to time constraints and the risks involved. a. oratory b. allegory c. improvisation d. Manuscripting

question

impromptu

answer

When Jonah is suddenly and unexpectedly called out by his ecology professor to explain how the warming of ocean currents due to global warming could trigger another ice age, he is required to use __________ delivery. a. manuscripted b. memorized c. impromptu d. extemporaneous

question

extemporaneous

answer

A speaker who plans the content, organization, and delivery of the speech in advance, but does not write the speech out word-for-word, uses what speech delivery method? a. manuscripted b. memorized c. impromptu d. extemporaneous

question

pitch

answer

The term that refers to how high or low a person's voice is on the sound range is a. monotone speech b. pitch c. speaking volume d. speaking rate

question

articulation

answer

__________ refers to the clarity or forcefulness with which sounds are produced, regardless of whether the sounds are produced correctly. a. Articulation b. Pronunciation c. Projection d. Alliteration

question

pronunciation

answer

During his speech about a new breakthrough in the treatment of cancer, Joe has a hard time figuring out how to say the scientific words correctly. Joe is having trouble with which of the following? a. articulation b. pronunciation c. projection d. alliteration

question

mumbling

answer

Omitting certain sounds in a word is a characteristic of a. articulation b. mumbling c. accent d. monotone

question

objective

answer

Which of the following adjectives describes an informational speaker? a. subjective b. objective c. opinionated d. biased

question

process

answer

Andrew's informative speech will help his audience understand how to upgrade and replace the hard drive in their computers. What type of topic has he chosen? a. concept b. process c. issue d. event

question

demonstration

answer

The goal of a/an __________ presentation is to answer the "how" questions. a. descriptive b. demonstration c. definitive d. explanatory

question

To show and explain to my audience how to fill out the paperwork to become a naturalized citizen of the United States so that they will be aware of how complicated the process is.

answer

Which of the following specific purpose statements represents a demonstration speech? a. To explain to my audience how the process of becoming a U.S. citizen has changed over time so that they have greater awareness of the current immigration debate in our country. b. To help my audience understand the reasons why immigrants choose to leave their country and move to the United States. c. To show and explain to my audience how to fill out the paperwork to become a naturalized citizen of the United States so that they will be aware of how complicated the process is. d. To show my audience the impact anti-immigrant bias has had on public policy in the United States, including drug laws, zoning laws, and even education policies.

question

operational definition.

answer

A definition that defines something by explaining what it is or what it does is a/an a. definition by etymology. b. definition by example. c. definition by negation. d. operational definition.

question

definition by etymology

answer

"Today, the term dry run is often used to refer to a rehearsal of some sort. This meaning originated in the field of firefighting, where dry represented a practice drill where the hoses were turned off, and run simply meant a response to a fire alarm, whether real or for a drill." What type of definition is represented in this statement? a. operational definition b. definition by example c. definition by synonym d. definition by etymology

question

explanatory speech

answer

A speech that delves deeper into more complexity by providing reasons or causes and demonstrating relationships is a/an a. explanatory speech. b. definition speech. c. demonstration speech. d. description speech.

question

elucidating explanation

answer

What type of explanation presents the details that illuminate a concept's meaning and use? a. elucidating explanation b. quasi-scientific explanation c. transformative explanation d. demonstrative explanation

question

quasi-scientific explanation

answer

"The isokinetic resistance mechanism used in most rehabilitative exercise equipment works on centripetal force, similar to the way the Gravitron carnival ride does—the faster the motor or the patient moves, the faster the resistance mechanism spins, and the more resistance is created." What method of explanation is employed in this example? a. elucidating explanation b. quasi-scientific explanation c. transformative explanation d. demonstrative explanation

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