Sociology Essay Example

established social order can be seen in the productivity of food, clothing, and shelter. Without it, survival would be difficult. Sociology offers unique insights on the human experience that other social sciences cannot provide, such as psychology and biology which focus solely on individuals. Society is much larger than any one person and Emile Durkheim introduced the concept of "social facts" which refer to objective realities beyond individual lives.

In a state of individualism, people can still form close connections with those they love. According to Alexis de Tocqueville, individuals often reject the larger society and overlook their responsibilities as citizens beyond personal relationships and national identity. Tocqueville stresses the significance of understanding one's place in society as it impacts decision-making. He warns against succumbing to the "tyranny of the majority," where individuals conform without considering their own moral principles due to overwhelming societal pressure. Understanding this concept is crucial in resisting such instances. Sociological perspectives are useful in comprehending many human behaviors that may initially seem individualistic.

In relation to suicide, psychologists connect the act to depression resulting from personal experiences. Meanwhile, sociologists explore external factors that influence thoughts and actions of individuals. These include cultural norms, values, and beliefs which may have contributed to the decision to commit suicide. Emile Durkheim's book Suicide published in 1897 provides a sociological account of suicide where social conditions play a significant role in this decision. Upon collecting data from various European countries, Durkheim asserts that religious affiliation and marital status are determinants of varying suicide rates.

While psychologists may overlook societal influences, sociologists acknowledge Durkheim's significance in emphasizing society's forces and contexts that affect individuals. Sociology offers insights not

only into individual behavior but also into the conduct of vast groups and establishments. Weber observed that modern society's defining features were the Industrial Revolution and capitalism, both resulting from a more rational way of thinking. He identified social institutions and large-scale organizations as hallmarks of a rational social organization, including bureaucracy and capitalism which evolved together to express this rationality shaping modern society (Macionis, 2003).

According to Weber's sociology thinking, the capitalist market economy demands the precise and efficient discharge of public administration. This is exemplified by large capitalist enterprises themselves, which are models of bureaucratic organization. Understanding how different groups are linked and function is an important aspect of sociology, which enhances our comprehension of society. Weber views bureaucracy as highly rational due to its use of offices, duties, and policies to achieve specific goals efficiently. Such groups and institutions shape societal order and satisfy our needs.

In today's society, there is a trend towards large organizations and government employment. This has resulted in what George Ritzer calls the "McDonaldization of America." Ritzer describes how fast food restaurants are becoming ubiquitous, leading to predictability and control. As a consequence, society is becoming increasingly uniform. Kivisto notes that understanding this phenomenon is critical. Will local traditional cultures persist indefinitely or will Western cultural influences become dominant? Sociology examines groups and organizations to provide insight into the future direction of society.

Undoubtedly, the importance and advantage of learning sociology cannot be underestimated. The subject's scope extends beyond an individual, serving as an essential tool to assist us in comprehending not just ourselves but also the intricate collectives and organizations within which we interact, and how they

affect our status as members of a larger community. Additionally, sociology endeavors to provide insights into our current reality, as well as the potential ramifications of societal forces on succeeding generations.