Sociology ch 5 – Flashcards with Answers
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Resocialization
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Accomplished by means such as altering a person's hairstyle, speech, and freedom of movement; break with past experiences and the learning of new values and norms
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Total institutions
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Prisons and mental hospitals and military boot camps
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Significant others
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People who have a direct influence on our socialization
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Peer group
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Composed of people of roughly the same age and social characteristics; important in adolescence and early adulthood
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Meads theory
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Concepts of the "I" and "me"; role taking allows us to anticipate what others expect of us; people closest to us are our significant others; me is socialized self
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Self
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Conscious awareness of possessing a distinct identity that separates us from other members of society
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Fmaily
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Most important agent of socialization, first agent of socialization that people usually encounter
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Human interaction
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Importance for normal social development was revealed through studies of children raised in isolation
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Nature v. Nurture
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Debate examined the importance of hereditary versus the environment in the development of personality
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Sociobiology
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Systematic study of the biological basis of all social behavior
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Role-taking
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Allows us to anticipate what others expect of us and to see ourselves through the eyes of others
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Looking-self glass
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Interactive process through which we develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others
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Locke theory
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Person who used the term tabula rasa to describe newborn children; human beings can be molded into any type of character
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Agents of socialization
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Specific individual groups and institutions that provide the situations in which socialization can occur
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Agents of socialization
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Specific individuals, groups, and institutions that provides the situations in which socialization can occur
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Me
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Part of the identity that is aware of the expectations and attitudes of society
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I
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Unsocialized, spontaneous, self-interested component of out personalities
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Aptitude
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Capacity to learn a particular skill or acquire a particular body of knowledge
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Generalized other
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Internalized attitudes, expectations, and viewpoints of society
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Instinct
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Unchanging, biologically, inherited behavior pattern
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Heredity
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Transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children
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Socialization
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Interactive process through which people learn the basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of society; example instincts
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Ik
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Northern Ugandan group of people who were negatively affected by a change in their cultural environment
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Mass media
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Includes television, newspapers, magazines, and films, most controversial agent of socialization
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School
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Transmite values such as patriotism, responsibility, and citizenship, uses extracurricular activities to train people for life in the larger world
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Birth order
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Influence on an individuals personality determined by the presence and number of brothers and sisters
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Personality
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Sum of total behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values characterizing a person
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Cooley's thoery
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Looking glass self is central to the development of the self; other people act as a mirror for us
