SOCIAL PROBLEMS CH. 13 (MACIONIS 4TH) – Flashcards
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Which of the following is identified in the text as a latent function of schooling?
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providing childcare to working parents
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Since 1979, women have outnumbered men in U.S. colleges and universities. Despite this remarkable change, women still
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tend to concentrate in many traditionally feminine majors.
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The ability to read and write is referred to as
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literacy.
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As the U.S. economy moved from farming to industry, the responsibility for teaching the young moved from parents to
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specially trained teachers.
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Which term refers to lifetime experiences and opportunities that enhance a student's ability to learn and succeed?
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cultural capital
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Following social-conflict analysis of education, the fact that our school system socializes all students to be obedient citizens who are respectful of authority is one example of schooling's
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hidden cirriculum
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According to symbolic-interaction analysis, tracking and other forms of labeling in education
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can create a self-fulfilling prophecy.
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Although the government claims that only a tiny percentage of the U.S. population is illiterate, research suggests the nation's level of functional illiteracy is about what percentage of the adult population?
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14 percent
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Prior to the civil rights movement, the main reason that schools in the North were segregated was that
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most African Americans had to live in all-black neighborhoods.
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What school policy assigns students to different educational programs?
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tracking
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A major reason that schooling is limited in poor societies of the world is that
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parents need their children to work to provide food and income.
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About what percentage of U.S. adults now complete high school?
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88 percent
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In 1998, the state of Vermont enacted a law (Act 60) that
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combines school taxes across the state and redistributes funding on an equal, per-student basis.
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Read the four statements below. Which statement is NOT correct?
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Bilingual education encourages people to see some cultural traditions as better than others.
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Doug Downey and his colleagues discovered that U.S. children spend what percentage of their waking hours in school?
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13 percent
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Which policy directs schools to integrate students with special needs into the overall educational program?
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mainstreaming
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New York Public School 261, described by Jonathan Kozol as overcrowded, with inadequate heat and air conditioning, and no playground, stands out as
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having a large minority student population.
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About 30 million men and women in the United States do not read, write, or do basic arithmetic well enough to carry out daily responsibilities. This situation is the problem of
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functional illiteracy.
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From which political point of view would someone claim that it is far less costly to pay for good schools today than to pay the costs of dealing with the problems that result from poor schools?
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liberal
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Church-sponsored parochial schools were formed in the United States primarily by
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Catholic immigrants.
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In the United States, what percentage of the population aged twenty-five to sixty-four has a four-year college or university degree?
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32 percent
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In 1998, Californians passed Proposition 227, which
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banned bilingual programs in favor of the English-immersion approach.
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Chris teaches at a university at the rank of full professor with tenure. Based on the statistical likelihood, Chris is probably
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male
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Labels such as "gifted," "average," or "deficient" that are placed on students by schools
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may reflect their school work but also reflect students' social background.
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Research shows that the quality of the school matters to student performance, but what matters even more?
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the student's home environment
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Which type of schools provides freedom to try out new policies and programs?
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charter schools
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In 1954, which decision by the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that racially segregated schools violated the Constitution, striking down the "separate but equal" standard that dated back to 1896?
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
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Social-conflict analysis of education claims that, within any single school, tracking mandates that the best the school has to offer goes to those students who
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already have a lot going for them-those from more privileged backgrounds.
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The "conservative solution" to many problems of schooling can be summed up as
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more school choice.
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Compared to 1960, today we find school segregation is
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about the same now as then.
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Which term refers to the social institution by which society transmits knowledge to its members?
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education
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During the 1960s, many white families moved from the central cities to the suburbs, thereby escaping required school busing programs. This movement out of the city was commonly called
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white flight.
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The term "dropping out" refers to
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quitting school before earning a high school diploma.
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By which year had every state enacted a law requiring children to attend school?
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1918
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The dropout rate for young people from families with incomes $100,000 and above is less than 3 percent; for those from families with incomes below $25,000, the dropout rate is more than
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12 percent.
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Radicals on the left argue that problems in our schools arise from
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basic flaws in the economic and political structure of society.
