Psychology of Learning Chapter 10

According to the author of your text, observational learning involves observing

Jill is an impressionable 17-year-old college freshman with average academic skills. She lives in the college dorms with two roommates. One of them, Martha, is bright, attractive, popular, rich, and a local celebrity because of her singing; she seldom studies. Jill's other roommate, Ann, is also bright, but has only a few friends, wears inexpensive clothes, and plays the tuba poorly; she studies all the time. On the basis of what you know about observational learning, you predict that Jill will ______.

Keith and Catherine Hayes found that their adoptee, Viki, learned more from observing models than some children of about the same age. This was surprising because Viki was a _________.

Whether children imitate an aggressive model depends largely on ________.

Learning is a change in behavior due to experience. In observational learning, the experience consists of _______.

The learning history of observers has a powerful influence on what they learn from models. This is illustrated by the fact that chimpanzees that have had __________ training get more from observing a model than those that have not.

Social observational learning may be defined as _________.

The earliest experiments on observational learning were performed by ______.

Lyons, Young, and Keil actively encouraged children not to imitate the acts of a model that were irrelevant to solving a problem. The result was that the children _________.

The operant learning model of observational learning takes the _________.

Ellen Levy and her colleagues found that children would imitate a model's reinforced preferences for _______.

Fisher and Harris found that observers learned more when a model _______.

In Bandura's theory of observational learning, steps taken during observation to improve later recall of a model's behavior are called ________.

The influence of literary models on behavior was seen in the 18th century with the publication of _________.

If an observer looks on as a model's behavior is reinforced, we speak of _______.

Judith Fisher and Mary Harris found that if a model wore an eye patch, observers learned _______.

Of the following terms, the one most associated with Bandura's theory is ________.

In a study by Hopper and colleagues, some observers watched a model slide a door and retrieve a desired item. Other observers saw the door slide in the absence of a model, revealing the desired item. The latter procedure is called the __________ condition.

Those who are most likely to learn from observing a model are probably _______.

In the Thompson and Russell two-mat study, children who observed a model __________.

Learning is a change in behavior due to experience. In observational learning, the experience consists of _______.

You hear on the radio that Smash, the most popular rock music performer in Germany, has killed himself. He left a note ("Goodbye, cruel world"). You predict that _______.

Kanfer and Marston found that college students imitated the reinforced word choices of models. In their study, the observers _______.

The tendency to imitate modeled behavior even when doing so is not reinforced is called _______.

Herbert and Harsh compared the behavior of cats that had observed a model perform an act 30 times with cats that had observed only 15 performances. They found that _________.