Psychology Final Exam practice questions – Flashcards
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5. The original Atkinson-Schiffrin three-stage information-processing model introduced distinctions among ________________
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sensory memory; short-term memory; long-term memory
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6. Storage is to encoding as______ is to ______
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retention; acquisition
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7. The use of heuristics rather than algorithms is most likely to _________
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Save time in solving problems
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8. As her professor distributed the psychology 101 final exam to the class, Blair's heart started to pound and her palms began to sweat. These physiological reactions were activated by her ____________ nervous system.
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sympathetic
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9. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are the of inappropriate behaviors, and negative symptoms are the of appropriate behaviors
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presence; absence
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10. To identify which specific brain areas are most active during a particular mental task, researchers would be most likely to make use of a(n)
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fMRI
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11. James Olds and Peter Milner located reward centers in the brain structure known as the
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hypothalamus
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12. The placebo effect refers to
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the beneficial consequences of merely expecting that a treatment will be effective
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13. The heritability of bipolar disorder has been estimated to be ___________ than the heritability of major depressive disorder and ___________ than the heritability of generalized anxiety disorder.
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higher; higher
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14. In one experiment, White respondents typically took longer to identify words such as peace and paradise as "good" when the words were associated with Black-sounding names rather than White-sounding names. This best illustrated ___________
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implicit prejudice
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15. Patrick, who has been diagnosed as suffering from social anxiety disorder, is likely to experience __________
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a paralyzing fear of crowds, particularly in confined areas like elevators, theaters, or small rooms
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16. The two-factor theory of emotion places more emphasis on the importance of ________ than does the James-Lange theory.
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cognitive activity
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17. The sequence of brain regions from the evolutionarily oldest to newest is
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brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex
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18. Fernando's favorable attitude toward capital punishment began to change when he was asked to offer arguments opposing it in a university debate class. His attitude change is best explained by _________ theory.
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cognitive dissonance
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19. Nabeel thought all nurses were young females until a middle-aged male nurse took care of him. Nabeel's altered conception of a "nurse" illustrates the process of __________
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accommodation
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20. The study of influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change is called _________
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epigenetics
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