question

Mr. Hunt believes that he is the president of the United States and that he will soon become "King of the Universe". Mr. Hunt is most clearly suffering from a. hallucinations b. obsessions c. delusions d. dissociative identity

answer

delusions

question

Rishi, a college student, complains that he feels apprehensive and fearful most of the time bust doesn't know why. Without warning, his heart begins to pound, his hands get icy, and he breaks out in a cold sweat. Rishi most likely suffers from a(n) a. dysthymic disorder b. obsessive-compulsive disorder c. generalized anxiety disorder d. phobia

answer

generalized anxiety disorder

question

Psychiatrists and psychologists label behavior as disordered when it is a. deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional b. biologically influenced, unconsciously motivated, and difficult to change c. selfish, habitual, and avoidable d. aggressive, persistent, and intentional

answer

deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional

question

Mrs. Swift is alarmed by her own intrusive and irrational thoughts that her house is contaminated by germs. Her experience best illustrates the agitating effects of a. agoraphobia b. mania c. an obsession d. panic disorder

answer

an obsession

question

Luke suffers from acrophobia, a fear of high places. Luke's therapist suggests that his reaction to heights is a generalization of the fear triggered by a childhood playground accident in which he fell off a sliding board. The therapist's suggestion reflects a __________ perspective. a. psychoanalytic b. learning c. biological d. humanistic

answer

learning

question

In which type of disorder is a person's speech likely to be so full of unrelated words and phrases that it could be characterized as a "word salad"? a. obsessive-compulsive disorder b. panic disorder c. schizophrenia d. dissociative disorder

answer

schizophrenia

question

According to the medical model, psychological disorders are a. sicknesses that need to be diagnosed and cured b. purely imaginary symptoms of distress c. learned habits that need to be extinguished d. maladaptive responses to a troubling environment

answer

sicknesses that need to be diagnosed and cured

question

During the manic phase of bipolar disorder, individuals are most likely to experience a. visual or auditory hallucinations b. uncontrollable grief and despair c. delusions of persecution d. high self-esteem

answer

high self-esteem

question

Obsessions are a. periodic episodes of intense dread accompanied by frightening physical sensations b. false beliefs of persecution or grandeur c. offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person d. persistent, irrational fears of specific objects or situations

answer

offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person

question

Flat affect and catatonia are symptoms most closely associated with a. obsessive-compulsive disorder b. schizophrenia c. antisocial personality disorder d. dysthymic disorder

answer

schizophrenia

question

A sense of being separated from your body and watching yourself with a sense of detachment is a symptom of a. agoraphobia b. generalized anxiety disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. dissociation

answer

dissociation

question

An incapacitating and highly distressful fear about being embarrassed in the presence of others is most characteristic of a. obsessive-compulsive disorder b. social phobia c. antisocial personality disorder d. panic disorder

answer

social phobia

question

Sadie is so fearful of being overwhelmed by anxiety that she rarely steps outside her apartment. The thought of going shopping and getting lost in a crowd terrifies her, so she has her groceries delivered. Due to her fear, she earns her living as a freelance writer, working at home. Sadie's behavior is most characteristic of a. generalized anxiety disorder b. agoraphobia c. an obsessive-compulsive disorder d. an antisocial personality disorder

answer

agoraphobia

question

Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity are most characteristic of __________ disorders. a. dissociative b. obsessive-compulsive c. bipolar d. generalized anxiety

answer

dissociative

question

Repeatedly washing your hands is to ____________ as repeatedly thinking about your own death is to ______________. a. compulsion; obsession b. dissociation; schizophrenia c. mania; depression d. phobia; delusion

answer

compulsion; obsession

question

Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult is indicative of a. an obsessive-compulsive disorder b. a dysthymic disorder c. bipolar disorder d. agoraphobia

answer

agoraphobia

question

As Jordan watches, his brother receives an electric shock from touching the frayed cord to the toaster. Jordan is now intensely afraid of toasters. This best illustrates that fear can be learned through a. observational learning b. linkage analysis c. reinforcement d. stimulus generalization

answer

observational learning

question

Cecil is preoccupied with thoughts of jumping out the window of his tenth-floor apartment. In order to reduce his anxiety, he frequently counts his heartbeats aloud. Cecil would most likely be diagnosed as experiencing a(n) a. panic disorder b. generalized anxiety disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. bipolar disorder

answer

obsessive-compulsive disorder

question

The DSM-IV is most likely to be criticized for a. classifying an excessively broad range of human behaviors as psychologically disordered b. inhibiting scientific efforts to discover the underlying causes of psychological disorders c. failing to base diagnoses on observable behaviors d. attempting to explain behavior by simply labeling it

answer

classifying an excessively broad range of human behaviors as psychologically disordered

question

Cognitive changes that accompany depression include a(n) a. increased externalization of blame b. increased obsession with experiencing physical pleasure c. decrease in self-focused thinking d. increased expectation of negative outcomes

answer

increased expectation of negative outcomes

question

In comparison to generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder is characterized by periods of distress that are a. less intense and less prolonged b. more intense and more prolonged c. less intense and more prolonged d. more intense and less prolonged

answer

more intense and less prolonged

question

George Frideric Handel composed his Messiah during three weeks of intense, creative energy. Many believe Handel suffered from a mild form of a. agoraphobia b. dissociative disorder c. bipolar disorder d. schizophrenia

answer

bipolar disorder

question

A disorder in which an individual is overexcited, hyperactive, and wildly optimistic is known as a. mania b. a panic attack c. a dysthymic disorder d. catatonia

answer

mania

question

The prominent feature of mood disorders is the experience of a. irritability b. paranoia c. flat affect d. emotional extremes

answer

emotional extremes

question

During the manic phase of bipolar disorder, individuals are most likely to experience a. uncontrollable grief and despair b. visual or auditory hallucinations c. delusions of persecution d. high self-esteem

answer

high self-esteem

question

The greatest shortcoming associated with explanations of psychological disorders in terms of demon possession is that these explanations a. absolved people of personal responsibility for their own behavior b. led to some harsh and ineffective remedial treatments c. were relevant only to severe disorders such as schizophrenia d. encouraged many to believe that there was no such thing as insanity

answer

led to some harsh and ineffective remedial treatments

question

Anthony is 32 years old, well above-average in intelligence, and quite charming. He has swindled several elderly people out of their life savings, and he seems to have little feeling for his victims, nor does he fear the consequences of getting caught. His behavior is evidence of a. a personality disorder b. a dissociative disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. schizophrenia

answer

a personality disorder

question

An antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by a. a lack of guilt feelings b. disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity c. a persistent, irrational fear of people d. episodes of intense autonomic nervous system arousal

answer

a lack of guilt feelings

question

A generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by a. a continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal b. hyperactive, wildly optimistic states of emotion c. offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person d. alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism

answer

a continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal

question

An incapacitating and highly distressful fear about being embarrassed in the presence of others is most characteristic of a. social phobia b. panic disorder c. antisocial personality disorder d. obsessive-compulsive disorder

answer

social phobia

question

A fundamental problem with the diagnostic labeling of psychologically disordered bhaviors is that the labels often a. interfere with effective treatment of these disorders b. bias our perceptions of the labeled person c. represent attempts by psychologists to explain behavior by simply naming it d. interfere with effective research on the causes of these disorders

answer

bias our perceptions of the labeled person

question

Incapacitating efforts to avoid specific anxiety-producing situations is most indicative of certain a. hallucinations b. obsessions c. phobias d. delusions

answer

phobias

question

Rats who received unpredictable electric shocks in a laboratory experiment subsequently became apprehensive when returned to that same laboratory setting. This best illustrates that anxiety disorders may result from a. stimulus generalization b. observational learning c. classical conditioning d. reinforcement

answer

classical conditioning

question

Alexis is socially withdrawn and has few close friends. This behavior is most likely to be diagnosed as a symptom of psychological disorder if it is a. preventing her from functioning effectively b. not caused by a biological disorder c. difficult for her to change d. a long-standing pattern of behavior

answer

preventing her from functioning effectively

question

The experience of multiple personalities is most likely to be characterized by a. a massive dissociation of self from ordinary consciousness b. delusions of persecution and grandiosity c. offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person d. a lack of guilt feelings

answer

a massive dissociation of self from ordinary consciousness

question

Kaylee is so afraid of spiders and insects that she avoids most outdoor activities and even refuses to go to the basement of her own house alone. Kaylee appears to suffer from a(n) a. bipolar disorder b. obsessive-compulsive disorder c. phobia d. histrionic personality disorder

answer

phobia

question

A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by a. feelings of personal worthlessness b. delusions of persecution c. alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism d. a persistent irrational fear of other people

answer

feelings of personal worthlessness

question

The discovery that psychologically disordered behavior could result from syphilis infections facilitated the credibility and acceptance of a. psychoanalytic theory b. the medical model c. DSM-IV d. the social-cognitive perspective

answer

the medical model

question

Obsessive thoughts typically ____________ anxiety and compulsive behaviors typically _________ anxiety. a. decrease; increase b. increase; decrease c. decrease; decrease d. increase; increase

answer

increase; decrease

question

Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the mental hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from a. a panic disorder b. schizophrenia c. an obsessive-compulsive disorder d. a dissociative identity disorder

answer

schizophrenia

question

One of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia is a. an expressionless face b. loud and meaningless talking c. inappropriate laughter d. uncontrollable outbursts of rage

answer

an expressionless face

question

Maladaptive behaviors that reduce worry and fear are most indicative of a. attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder b. catatonia c. bipolar disorder d. an anxiety disorder

answer

an anxiety disorder

question

Alexis is socially withdrawn and has few close friends. This behavior is most likely to be diagnosed as a symptom of psychological disorder if it is a. preventing her from functioning effectively b. a long-standing pattern of behavior c. difficult for her to change d. not caused by a biological disorder

answer

preventing her from functioning effectively

question

While he was studying, Matthew was suddenly overwhelmed by feelings of intense apprehension. For several minutes he felt so agitated that he could not catch his breath. Matthew was most likely suffering from a(n) a. dysthymic disorder b. panic attack c. bipolar disorder d. obsessive-compulsive disorder

answer

panic attack

question

A mood disorder involving a chronic state of low energy and low self-esteem that is a bit less disabling than major depression is called a a. generalized anxiety disorder b. dysthmic disorder c. bipolar disorder d. catatonia

answer

dysthmic disorder

question

DSM-IV focuses on clinicians' reports of observable behavior in order to a. avoid invading clients' psychological privacy b. facilitate the reliability of diagnoses c. reduce the need for medical terminology in psychological assessments d. shorten the time it takes to make a diagnosis

answer

facilitate the reliability of diagnoses

question

The greatest shortcoming associated with explanations of psychological disorders in terms of demon possession is that these explanations a. were relevant only to severe disorders such as schizophrenia b. encouraged many to believe that there was no such thing as insanity c. absolved people of personal responsibility for their own behavior d. led to some harsh and ineffective remedial treatments

answer

led to some harsh and ineffective remedial treatments

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