Question 1

In the late 1700\'s, _____ began reforming the conditions in asylums to make them more humane.

Accepted Answer

Philippe Pinel

Question 2

Malika sees her therapist every other week. When she is at her therapist\'s office, she feels accepted and can share anything. While her therapist listens to what Malika has to say without judgment, he also seeks understanding by paraphrasing as well as asking for clarification. Malika\'s therapist is practicing:

Accepted Answer

person-centered therapy.

Question 3

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family\'s backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist\'s approach to helping Rebecca BEST illustrates:

Accepted Answer

exposure

Question 4

In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for appropriate behaviors on the unit and for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meals. This BEST illustrates an application of:

Accepted Answer

a token economy

Question 5

Marcel receives an 87 on the second midterm in his calculus courseâthe first time he has ever received anything less than an A in any course. Marcel now believes he will never succeed in math courses. Marcel is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

overgeneralization

Question 6

Which term in Ellis\' A-B-C model is correctly illustrated with an example?

Accepted Answer

Activating condition - a midterm test is scheduled for next week

Question 7

Improving conflict management and communication skills is one of the main objectives of:

Accepted Answer

couples therapy

Question 8

Which is NOT a type of medication used to treat psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

anticompulsives

Question 9

What makes psychotherapy effective?

Accepted Answer

the working alliance with the therapist

Question 10

Boring, chipping, or bashing holes into a patient\'s head Presumed purpose was to relieve pressure or rid the person of evil spirits

Accepted Answer

Trephination

Question 11

Study of demons and people beset by spirits People were possessed, and they needed an exorcism to be cured

Accepted Answer

Demonology

Question 12

16th Century: Special places created by religious groups to house and treat people with psychological disorders. Late 1700s: Pinel began reformation of system; advocated for moral treatment, kindness, and respect.

Accepted Answer

Asylums

Question 13

Mass movement of patients with psychological disorders out of mental institutions, and the attempt to reintegrate them into the community

Accepted Answer

Deinstitutionalized

Question 14

In spite of the deinstitutionalization movement, psychiatric hospitals and institutions continue to play an important role in the treatment of psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

Psychiatric hospitals and institutions

Question 15

Any psychological technique used to facilitate positive changes in personality, behavior, or adjustment

Accepted Answer

Psychotherapy

Question 16

Goal is for clients to gain deeper understanding of their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors

Accepted Answer

Insight

Question 17

Goal to bring about direct changes in troublesome thoughts, habits, feelings, or behavior without seeking insight into their origins or meanings

Accepted Answer

Action

Question 18

Improvement of a psychological condition due to time passing without therapy

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous remission

Question 19

Therapies that have strong research support

Accepted Answer

Empirically supported therapies

Question 20

Dreams are the pathways to unconscious awareness. Latent content Manifest content

Accepted Answer

Freud and dreams

Question 21

Saying whatever comes to mind, regardless of what it sounds like

Accepted Answer

Free association

Question 22

Topics the client resists thinking about or discussing  Reveals particularly important unconscious conflicts

Accepted Answer

Resistance

Question 23

Tendency to transfer feelings to a therapist that match those the patient has for important people in his or her past The patient might act like the therapist is a rejecting father, loving mother, etc.

Accepted Answer

Transference

Question 24

Emphasized positive nature of humankind and concentrates on present and current problems Recognized humans have basic biological needs for food and sex and a desire to form close relationships, treat others with warmth, and mature as individuals

Accepted Answer

Rogers

Question 25

Natural tendency toward self-actualization but family and social may hinder growth and can incongruence between ideal self and real self Main treatment goal is reduction of incongruence between these selves.

Accepted Answer

Person-centered therapy

Question 26

Links problem behaviors to unpleasant physical reactions Goal to make people have involuntary unpleasant physical reaction to undesired behavior

Accepted Answer

Aversion therapy

Question 27

Draws on principles of operant conditioning, shaping behavior through reinforcement Uses positive and negative reinforcement and punishment or observational learning to increase adaptive behaviors and reduce those that are maladaptive

Accepted Answer

behavior modification

Question 28

Responses that are followed by reinforcement tend to occur more frequently

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement

Question 29

A response that is not followed by reinforcement will occur less frequently.  If a response is not followed by reward after it has been repeated many times, it will extinguish entirely

Accepted Answer

non reinforcement and extinction

Question 30

Rewarding actions that are closer and closer approximations to a desired response

Accepted Answer

shaping

Question 31

Controlling responses in the situation in which they occur

Accepted Answer

stimulus control

Question 32

Removing individual from a situation in which reinforcement occurs

Accepted Answer

time out

Question 33

Positive reinforcement used to encourage good behavior. Tokens exchanged for candy, outings, privileges, and other perks. Typically used in institutions such as schools or mental health facilities

Accepted Answer

token economy

Question 34

The father of cognitive therapy, Aaron Beck, believes that distorted thought processes lie at the heart of psychological problems.

Accepted Answer

becks cognitive therapy

Question 35

Perceiving only certain stimuli in a larger array of possibilities

Accepted Answer

selective perception

Question 36

Blowing a single event out of proportion by extending it to a large number of unrelated situations

Accepted Answer

overgeneralization

Question 37

Seeing objects and events as absolutely right or wrong, good or bad, etc.

Accepted Answer

all or nothing thinking

Question 38

Attempts to change irrational beliefs that cause emotional problems

Accepted Answer

REBT

Question 39

Activating Experience, which person presumes to be the cause of \"C\"

Accepted Answer

A

Question 40

Person\'s irrational and unrealistic beliefs

Accepted Answer

B

Question 41

Emotional consequences

Accepted Answer

C

Question 42

Overlap in Ellis and Beck approaches Both are: Short-term Action-oriented Homework intensive

Accepted Answer

Appraisal with cognitive therapy

Question 43

Three basic biological approaches underlying psychological disorders Use of drugs or psychotropic medications Use of electroconvulsive therapy Use of surgery

Accepted Answer

Biomedical therapy

Question 44

Scientific study of how these medications alter perceptions, moods, behaviors, and other aspects of psychological functioning

Accepted Answer

Psychopharmology

Question 45

Which approach to psychological therapy is correctly defined?

Accepted Answer

humanistic therapy - emphasizes positive growth

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