PSY 4604 – Mini C – Flashcards

Who argued for the sterilization of mental defectives and delinquents and cash incentives for the best and the brightest to marry and have children? A. Hall B. Münsterberg C. Scott D. Yerkes E. Cattell

Thorndike's ideas about the stamping in or stamping out of a response tendency led to his statement of ____. A. reinforcement B. the law of effect C. the S-R connection D. the law of exercise E. the law of satisfaction

In his mechanistic approach to psychology, Thorndike discarded concepts of satisfaction and discomfort. A. True B. False

One criticism of Watson was that his strict objectivity ____. A. needed to be discarded B. was second to the introspection method C. was hard to achieve D. None of the above. E. was good for the discipline

According to Watson, the three fundamental emotions displayed by infants were ____. A. fear, loneliness, and rage B. fear, sadness, and love C. loneliness, rage, and love D. fear, rage, and love E. fear, rage, and sadness

In Watson's system, fear, rage, and love are ____. A. conditioned responses B. precognitions C. associated reflexes D. unconditioned responses E. meaningless labels people have adopted

Watson planned to replace religion-based ethics with his experimental ethics based on behaviorism. A. True B. False

Watson's contribution to the method of objective testing was ____. A. to qualify the results B. to create a series of tests which are still used today C. to create a measure of reliability D. to argue that the subjects' responses were under the stimulus control of the test items E. to advocate for its widespread use

Which of the following statements best describes the change that took place in animal psychology following the work of Romanes and Morgan? A. The field stopped growing after Angell's 1906 presidential address describing functionalism. B. The field became more objective as mentalistic terms were dropped from the descriptions of behavior. C. The field was growing in popularity in Russia but was never a major part of psychology in the United States. D. The field became more subjective as methods to study animal consciousness were perfected. E. There was no change, the methods of Romanes and Morgan are still widely used today.

Pavlov conducted research on ____. A. discrimination B. extinction C. All of the choices are correct. D. generalization E. reinforcement

It was not until after Watson's death that the goal of behaviorism was defined as the prediction and control of behavior. A. False B. True

Watson proposed that thinking could be observed in subvocal speech and gestures. A. True B. False

Witmer's "clinical psychology" is today known as ____. A. educational psychology B. the child study movement C. genetic psychology D. the child guidance movement E. school psychology

Thorndike argued that psychology should study behavior as well as conscious experience. A. True B. False

Pavlov's Nobel Prize was for his work on conditioning. A. False B. True

Pavlov's work illustrated the study of higher mental processes in ____. A. physiological terms B. physical terms C. associations D. psychical terms E. reinforcement

Scott argued that the most effective advertisement consisted of ____. A. subliminal erotic components B. bright colors (such as McDonald's golden arches) C. a sudden change in volume (such as television ads) D. a big picture accompanied by the fewest possible words (such as the Nike logo) E. a multiple-media approach

For Watson, introspection was ____. A. acceptable as used by Wundt, i.e., with systematic observation, controls, and replication B. necessary to the understanding of behavior C. appropriate only for research with normal humans D. irrelevant E. acceptable only if performed by exceptionally well-trained observers

Consistent with the Darwinian notion that there is a continuum between animals and humans, Watson argued that there is no dividing line between humans and other animals in the application of experimental methods. A. False B. True

For Pavlov, humans and animals were ____. A. machines B. essentially different, needing different research methods C. enemies D. allies E. incompatible

____ used the Binet test at Ellis Island to restrict the entry of immigrants to the United States. A. Goddard B. Simon C. Herrnstein D. Thorndike E. Terman

For Watson, the goal of psychology is ____. A. the reduction of cognitive processes to their biological correlates B. the expansion of Pavlovian conditioning to voluntary behaviors C. the prediction and control of behavior D. a utopia based on operant conditioning principles E. a unitary scheme of animal responses

The "Little Albert" study has been successfully replicated. A. False B. True

The intelligence test data from World War I recruits indicated that whites scored higher than all other groups. A. False B. True

The first person to de-condition a learned fear was ____. A. Lashley B. Rayner C. Jones D. Watson E. McDougall

For Watson, stimuli ____. A. occur after responses B. are always simple elements C. are always complex and reducible to simpler elements D. are irreducible E. may be simple or complex

The main reason Wundt's and Titchener's systems did not survive in the United States was that they ____. A. relied on introspection B. were opposed to the behavioristic bent of Americans C. were German psychologies D. were not fruitful E. were not pragmatic

Binet based his conclusion about appropriate measure of intelligence based on research conducted with ____. A. French school children B. Lewis Terman C. Cattell's students D. G. Stanley Hall E. his daughters

What persuaded psychologists to apply their expertise to problems in education? A. World War I and immigration B. James's Talks to Teachers and the need to test and educate newly arrived immigrants C. An increase in public school enrollment D. The popular appeal and status of psychology E. Intelligence testing

The first major alternative market for PhDs in psychology was the field of education. A. False B. True