Politics – 12255 words – Flashcard
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What is a term for power relations wherever they exist?
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Politics
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Why is every group considered as being political?
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There is a power struggle of some sort in every group
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The term micropolitics is most aligned with which sociological perspective.
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symbolic interactionism
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The exercise of power over large groups such as governments is called?
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macropolitics
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For a government to be stable what quality must exist?
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The source of the power must be perceived as legitimate
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Which sociologist is credited with describing violence as "the ultimate foundation of any political order"?
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Peter Berger
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What did sociologist Peter Berger suggest as being the ultimate foundation of any political state?
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Violence
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What is armed resistance with the intention of throwing a government called?
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a revolution
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Why was the American Revolution classified a revolution?
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It was an armed resistance designed to overthrow the british govermet
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What is another name for rational-legal authority?
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Bureaucratic Authority
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Which of the following describes rational legal authority ?
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rule by written laws
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What is the literal translation of the word "charismatic" based on its Greek origin?
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It means a gift freely and graciously given
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Why do rational legal and traditional authorities take careful precautions in opposing charismatic leaders?
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Charismatic leaders direct followers according to personal preference
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Why did Joan of Arc, Adolph Hitler, and Jesus Christ all have in common?
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They were all charismatic leaders
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Which US President does the author cite as an example of a leader who combined charismatic and rational-legal authority?
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JFK
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What was Max Webers term for a composite of characteristics found in many real life examples?
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The ideal type
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Leaders sometimes have a combination of the ideal types of authority. What two types of authority did Ayatollah Khomeini represent?
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Charismatic and traditional authority
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Why was it possible for peace transfer of power to take place in South Africa when President de Klerk (a powerful white South African) was replaced by Nelson Mandela (a black South African)
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The nation followed the procedures based on rational legal authority
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Max Weber used the term ----- to refer to the transition of authority from a charismatic leader to either a rational - legal authority or traditional authority
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routinization of charisma
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During the Middle Ages in Europe, what physical structure dominated then landscape of a city-state?
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A castle
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In the US, we elect candidates whom we believe will best represent our interest in state capitals and in Washington DC. This is an example of
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Representative democracy
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Carl lives in a small New England town where he and other residents attend monthly town meetings. At these meetings, they publicly vote issues concerning the town. these monthly meeting are an example of ?
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direct democracy
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What is a system of government in which decision making is vested in a small group of people?
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an oligarchy
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The American statesman who said, "A little rebellion now and then is good thing... the tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants." was
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Thomas Jefferson
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What was the specific gift the US gave the world that addressed a person's right based by birth and residence?
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the concept of citizenship
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What is key factor in a representative democracy?
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The citizenship of the resident
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What is the basis of universal citizenship?
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By birth or naturalization, everyone in the country has the same basic rights.
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In Kolondahar, a small group of military officers make the decisions that determine national policy. This form of government describes----?
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an oligarchy
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Which of the following power styles is the best examples of totalitarianism?
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Nazi Germany and the Gestapo
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In the US, which political party is most associated with the working class?
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Democrat
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The present two-party system domination political activity in the US has been in existence since -----?
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The Civil War
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Richard is an aspiring business man that nets over 10 million dollars a year in profit. Based on this single fact, what political party would Richard most likely belong to?
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Republican
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Another term used for pre-elections in which voters decide which candidates will represent their parties is?
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primary
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Which political party garnished 19 percent of the vote for president in 1992, but dropped too 8% in 1996 election, and virtually none in subsequent elections?
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Reform Party
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What do Ross Perot and Theodore Roosevelt have in common?
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They were the most successful third party candidates to ever run for President of the US
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Nicola lives in Greece and is a representative of the Greenpact party. In the election, the Greenpact party won 15% of the vote and was awarded 15% of the seats in Greek parliament. This form of government is a
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Proportional representation
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What is the key to determine is someone will vote?
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the degree to which they believe they have a stake in the political system
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What transpires in a proportional representation electoral system when the largest party aligns itself with one or more smaller parties to make national decisions?
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Coalition government
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How would a political party be classified that advocates making nuclear power plants illegal, dismantling the social security system, and legalizing victimless crimes such as prostitution and marijuana use?
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non- centralist
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Phong Lhu business owner and a recently naturalized citizen of the US. Since there are very few Vietnamese serving in public office. Phong Lhu will most likely vote in accord with
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his interest as a member of an ethnic minority
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Marcus has not voted for the last fifteen years because he feels that the political system has never done anything positive for him, so his vote really would not affect his life one way or another. What is the emotional retain he is experiencing?
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Alienation
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In the early 1900;s what did US born americans fear the most from the massive wave of immigrants entering this country?
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The socialism and communism they would bring with them ass a political ideal
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In the 2004, presidential election, women appeared to favor voting for John Kerry while men voted for George W. Bush. What is this phenomenon called?
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The political gender gap
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Organizations that solicit contributions for many donors and then use the large total to influence legislation are referred to as?
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Political action committees
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People who think alike on a particular issue and who can be mobilized for political action are described as
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special interest groups
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What has been dubbed the "mothers milk of politics"?
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Campaign contributions
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According to the functional perspective, what keeps the government of the US from turning against its citizens
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then plurism in distribution power
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What is the three branch system which is designed to ensure that power remains distributed in the US government so that no one branch dominates?
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Checks and balances
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What terms does William Domhoff use to refer to the top one percent of Americans who belong to the super-rich and capitalist class?
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The ruling class
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The process of reducing people to objects that do not deserve to be treated as humans is knowns as
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dehumanization
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Which nation is the greatest exporter of high-tech weapons and military hardware worldwide?
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United States
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Which type of warfare best describes the suicide bombings that have become common in the Mideast?
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Terrorism
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Currently eight nations compose a summit of the most powerful nations in the world, known as the G8. The last nation to be admitted to this group was ------. and the nation wanting to be added to it, forming the G9,, is ------.
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Russia, China
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NAFTA is to North America as ASEAN is to -----
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Southeast
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What is the major roadblock that threatens to undermine the developing New World Order?
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the appearance of fierce nationalism and ethnic loyalties among nations
