A 41- year old, and pregnant woman, reports to clinic with severe cough. She complains of the foul in the morning, probably because of expectorating large quantity of yellow tenacious sputum, chest congestion and discomfort, and increased dyspnea and wheezing. For diagnosis, clinical assessment and her history was taken, it was noted that she had had cough for three consecutive months last year, with loss of weight, which are symptoms related chronic bronchitis. Before administering antibiotic treatment, the severity of the patient’s symptoms was evaluated by looking at the sputum culture to identify causative microorganism. The gram stain revealed a significant amount of staphylococcus species; this helped to choose the appropriate antibiotic therapy. The prescribed drugs and their effects to the user was evaluated also.
Aminopenicillins such as Amoxicillin (Amoxil,
...Trimox) 250-1000 mg tid which is used to treat diseases caused by bacteria, with the dosage of 500 mg/d qid will be administered. It has effect on ear, nose, and throat and urinal tract, other effects are diarrhea, vomiting, rashes among others. Despite it interacting with warfarin, and oral contraceptive, it is good for the pregnant women, since there are no risks involved. It should be taken with food to help decrease GI symptoms.Ampicillin (Omnipen, Principen), with the dosage of 250-500 mg q6h, can be administered, also associated with vomiting, rash and diarrhea, it does not have effect on the pregnancy. Although, cases like high incidence in the development of rashes to the patients are noted.Therefore it should be used with extreme caution. In this case, the patient should avoid milk since it is likely to trigger vomiting and use of ant- fungal should be recommended
to reduce on the rashes.s
Cefaclor (ceclor) 250-500 q8his in class of Cephalosporin, can be administered to the patient since it does have any effect on the pregnancy. Though not recommended for children, this drug has the same adverse effects as those of Aminopenicillins, which includes; vomiting, diarrhea, rashes, and hypersensitivity reactions. In case the patient hasanaphylactic hypersensitivity reaction, this drug should be avoided, and to reduce on the GI symptoms, it should be taken with food. Cefuroxime also can be administered with the dosage of 250-500 mg to help terminate the hypoxic drive to respiration. It helpsto improve on the level of O2 in the respiratory system (Rang et al.2012). Itsadverse effects are, nausea, vomiting, rashes, and hypersensitivity.Probenecid in it, helps in reduction of renal excretion and to reduce the effect of rashes, antifungal should be used.
Tetracycline such as doxycycline will be administered, although its adverse effect may be harmful to pregnancy, but because of its potential benefit in this situation, it warrants its use. The dosage of 100 mg bid will be given for 1 day then 100 mg gd. The associated adverse effects includes, loose stool, anorexia, diarrhea, rash and blood dyscrasias, it is also contradicted that the use of tetracycline can cause permanent discoloration of the teeth of the new born (Bartlett and Jaanus2008).Since it is supposed to be taken with a lot of fluids, the patient is advised to take enough drinks such as fruit juice, to help on the possibly reduced amount of blood due to blood dyscrasias.
Finally, it is required that good examination of the patient carried out to help come up with well diagnosis, and good drugs to
administer. Although all drugs have side effect, their benefit should be considered. For example, women who take antibiotics, especially aminopenicillin, may experience secondary symptoms such virginitis, and they may require treatment. However this should not stop the medication, as the benefit of the treatment to the patient is more paramount.
References
- Rang, H. P., & Dale, M. M. (2012). Rang and Dale's pharmacology. Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone.
- Bartlett, J. D., & Jaanus, S. D. (2008). Clinical ocular pharmacology. St. Louis, Mo: Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier.
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