other gram negative rods – Flashcards
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| Causes pertussis/whooping cough |
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| Bortedella |
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| the only vaccine-preventable disease increasing in the US |
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| pertussis |
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| gram negative rod, oxidizes glucose, but cannot ferment it |
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| pseudomona aeruginosa |
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| has exotoxins A and S, elastase (that breaks down elastic fibers in IgA IgG) and Pyocyanin |
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| pseudomona aeruginosa |
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| Burn victims are especially at risk for it |
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| pseudomona aeruginosa |
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| what do Cystic Fibrosis, respiratory therapy, swimmer s ear and burn victims have in common? |
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| 1. all in contact with water 2. all susceptible for infection with pseudomona aeruginosa |
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| about 70-80% of patients suffering from this disease will eventually become colonized with pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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| cystic fibrosis |
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| forms very tenacious biofilms; can grow in soaps and is very hard to eliminate with antiseptics |
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| pseudomona aeruginosa |
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| can be treated with ticarcillin, piperacillin, aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin, high-level cephalosporins |
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| pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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| causes Tularemia from contact with rabbits |
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| francisella |
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| biosafety level III because of ease in delivery and low dose |
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| francisella |
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| it manifests through lesions that spread to lymph nodes, if cutaneous, or flu-like symtoms, if ingested |
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| francisella |
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| named after an American legion convention |
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| Legionella pneumophila |
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| infection is a result of breathing in aerosolized bacteria, from water tower or fountain |
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| legionella pneumophila |
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| most at risk are old men with impaired lung function, smokers and immunosuppressed |
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| legionella pneumophila |
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| Causes Pontiac Fever in younger people |
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| legionella pneumophila |
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| DOC are rifampin and erythromycin |
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| legionella pneumophila |
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| requires cysteine for growth and is enhanced by iron |
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| legionella pneumophilla |
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| required BCYE media |
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| legionella |
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| colonies look like ground glass, with a greenish tint |
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| legionella |
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| rather than culture, DFA stain and serological studies are used for diagnose |
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| legionella |
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| small, aerobic, obligate intracellular parasite |
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| coxiella |
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| in animals, transmitted by ticks. In humans- by inhaling dust or dander from animals |
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| coxiella burnetti |
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| causes Q fever in animal handlers |
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| coxiella burnetti |
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| Anaerobic GN rod, accounts fro 85% of GI diseases, peritonitis, genital infections and wound infections |
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| Bacteroide fragilis |
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| Anaerobic GN rod, Seen in sinus, ear, periodontal and pelvic infections |
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| prevotella |
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| have mycolic acid as part of their cell wall |
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| acid-fast rods |
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| Which color do Acid-fast bacilli hold, primarily? |
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| red stain |
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| species of gram-positive rods that are truly acid fast |
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| mycobacterium |
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| its virulence depends on the cord factor |
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| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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| stage of TB characterized by tubercles in lungs, especially in young children |
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| primary TB |
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| type of TB that is dormant and reactivates when immune system is weak |
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| secondary TB |
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| Causes consumption; macrophages carry bacillus to many sites of the body |
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| disseminated TB |
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| Macrophages engulf these bacteria, but dont destroy it; invite more macrophages, that form tubercles |
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| tuberculosis |
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| bacteria in which Caseous Lesions are formed as part of the disease |
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| tuberculosis |
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| direct observed therapy is recommended for this disease |
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| TB |
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| Also called hansen's disease |
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| leprosy |
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| the only bacteria that grows in peripheral nerves |
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| leprosy |
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| How is M. leprae cultured? |
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| cannot be grown artificially; armadillos or mice are used? |
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| in people with good cell-mediated immunity leprosy would have this form |
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| tuberculoid |
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| type of leprosy that causes severe disfigurement |
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| lepromatous |
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| one of the most important symptoms is loss of feeling and numbness |
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| leprosy |
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| this infection does not occur person-to person (only by food and water) and is more prominent among AIDS patients |
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| Mycobacterium Avium intracellulare |
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| partially acid-fast |
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| nocardia |
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| Do enterobacteriaceae ferment glucose? |
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| Yes |
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| Enterobacteriaceae and oxidase |
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| Enterobacteriaceae- oxidase negative |
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| Species of GN rods that reduce nitrates to nitrites |
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| enterobacteriaceae |
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| motility in enterobacteriaceae |
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| motile by peritrichious flagella or non-motile |
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| GN rods that grow well on MacConkey |
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| Enerobacteriaceae |
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| Q fever |
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| Coxiella burnetti |
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| BCYE media |
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| legionella |
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| Bile-resistant anaerobic GNR |
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| B. fragilis |
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| Most common cause of endocarditis |
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| Coxiella |
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| swimmer's ear |
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| pseudomona aeruginosa |
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| gram stain of penile exudate is diagnostic |
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| treponema pallidium |
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| petechial rash |
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| Rickettsia Neisseria meningiditis |
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| rabbit fever |
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| francisella |
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| Yaws, Pinta, bejel |
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| treponema pallidium |
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| Lyme disease |
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| borellia |
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| cystic fibrosis |
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| pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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| 20% horse blood |
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| Bordetella (pertussis) |
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| erythema migrans |
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| borelia (lyme disease) |
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| non-gonococcal urethritis |
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| 1. mycoplasma pneumoniae 2. chlamydia trachomonas |
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| Bile-sensitive anaerobic GNR |
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| prevotella |
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| pontiac fever |
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| legionella |
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| Only effective drug is Ceftiaxone |
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| Neisseria Gonorhoeae |
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| Best cell for diagnosis is monocyte |
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| Erlichia |
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| Relapsing fever |
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| Borellia (lyme disease) |
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| Pyocianins |
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| Pseudomona aeruginosa |
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| Ophtalmia neonatum |
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| neisseria gonorhoeae |
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| RPR aka VDRL |
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| treponema pallidum (syphillis) |
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| best specimen for lab ID is urine |
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| leptospira |
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| Causes most seafood-related deaths in US |
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| virbrio vulnificus |
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| Biosafety III |
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| 1. Francisella 2. brucella |
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| Gummas |
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| Treponema pallidum (syphilis) |
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| Rice-water stools |
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| vibrio cholera |
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| Epidemic / Louse-Borne typhus |
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| rickettsia |
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| Parrot fever |
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| Chlamydia psitacci |
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| 10% CO2, 42C |
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| campylobacter jejuni |
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| Best cell for diagnosis is neutrophil |
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| treponema pallidum (syphilis) |
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| Penicillinase, not beta-lactamase |
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| Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
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| No fever |
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| cholera |
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| rapid urease |
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| helicobacter pylori |
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| microscopic colonies like fried eggs |
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| mycoplasma |
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| stomach cancer |
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| helicobacter pylori |
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| Weil's Disease |
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| leptospira |
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| Atherosclerosis |
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| chlamydia pneumonia |
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| Thayer-Martin Agar or NYC agar |
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| Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
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| walking pneumonia |
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| mycoplasma pneumoniae |
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| Most common cause of bacterial disease in Japan |
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| Vibrio parahemolyticus |
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| Legionnaire's Disease |
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| Legionella |
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| Painless chancre at initial site of infection |
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| treponema pallidum (syphilis) |
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| Guillain-Barre Syndrome |
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| Campylobacter |
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| Cough Plate |
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| Bordetella (pertussis) |
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| MHA- TP |
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| treponema pallidium (syphilis) |
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| Most common bacterial cause of diarhea in US |
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| campylobacter |
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| Rash extending to palms and soles |
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| 1. treponema pallidium 2. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
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| HGE/HME |
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| erlichiosis |
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| Rat urine |
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| leptospira |
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| Brill-Zinsser |
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| Rickettsia (typhus) |
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| Most common bacterial STD in US |
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| Chlamydia trachomatis |
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| 30 degrees, liquid media, dark |
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| leptospira |
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| cat scratch fever |
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| bartonella |
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| soft chancre |
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| helicobacter ducreyi |
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| Arthritis |
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| 1. neiserria meningiditis 2. Borrelia bergdorferi (lyme disease) 3. Chlamydia pneumoniae (atherosclerosis) |
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| X&V factors |
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| h. influenzae |
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| brazilian purpuric fever |
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| H. aegyptius |
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| Trench fever |
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| Bartonella |
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| cat bite cellulitis |
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| pasteurella |
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| Undulant fever |
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| Brucella |
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| Adenylate Cyclase toxin |
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| 1. vibrio cholera 2. bordetella (pertussis) |
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| Whooping cough |
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| bordetella pertussis |
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| Cystic Fibrosis Lung Infections |
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| pseudomona aeruginosa |
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| Tularemia |
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| Francisella |
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| death by seafood |
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| vibrio vulnificus |
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| urea breath test |
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| helicobacter pylori |
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| trachoma |
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| chlamydia trachomatis |
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| migraines |
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| helicobacter pylori |
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| lipooligosaccharide (LOS) |
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| Neisseria meningiditis |
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| electrolyte replacement therapy |
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| vibrio cholera |
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| DOC is penicillin |
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| treponema pallidium (syphilis) |
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| never refrigerate! |
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| Neisseria gonorhoeae |
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| Only lactose-fermenting stool pathogen |
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| e-coli O157 |
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| Raw pork |
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| Yersinnia enterocolitica, yersinia pseudotuberculosis |
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| ineffective dose is 10-100 organisms |
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| 1. shigella 2. e-coli O157 |
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| Mary Mallon |
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| salmonella typhi |
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| bubos |
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| yersinia pestis |
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| shiga toxin |
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| 1. shigella 2. e-coli O157 |
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| grows at refrigerating temps |
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| 1. yersinia enterocolitica 2. yersinia pseudotuberculosis |
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| transovarian transmission |
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| salmonella OTT |
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| most common cause of UTI |
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| ecoli |
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| hemolytic uremic syndrome |
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| e-coli O157 |
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| typhoid fever |
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| salmonella typhi |
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| rats and fleas |
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| yersinia pestis |
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| mimmics appendicitis |
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| 1. yersinia enterocolitica 2. yersinia pseudotuberculosis |
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| raw eggs |
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| salmonella OTT |
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| bacillary dysentery |
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| shigella |
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| human is only reservoir |
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| salmonella typhi |
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| traveler's diarrhea |
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| e-coli |
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| pet turtles |
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| salmonella OTT |
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| sorbitol negative |
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| E-coli O 157 |
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| black death |
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| yersinia pestis |
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| most commonly isolated bug in lab |
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| ecoli |
