OM 305 – Flashcards
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The "father" of scientific management is
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Frederick W. Taylor.
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The three major business functions necessary to all organizations are
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marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations.
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Which of these is NOT one of the basic functions of the management process.
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Inspecting
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Which of these statements accurately captures a current trend in operations?
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Products and services are designed more quickly and by teams.
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The service sector constitutes what percentage of employment in the United States?
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Between 75% and 85%
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Productivity increases when
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inputs decrease while outputs remain the same.
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The capital investment each year in the United States usually
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increases.
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Which appears to provide the best opportunity for increases in productivity?
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management
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The person who introduced standardized, interchangeable parts was
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Eli Whitney.
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The person who developed plant-wide quality control systems was
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W. Edwards Deming.
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An insurance adjuster processes the claims of six policy holders in an eight hour work day. The adjuster uses $5 in gasoline and $3 in forms and office supplies to complete the work. What is her labor productivity?
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0.75 claims per hour
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Two car wash employees are paid $7.50 an hour each and are capable of washing 12 cars per hour, using $1 of water and $2 of soap and other cleaning supplies. What is the multifactor productivity of this operation?
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0.66 cars per dollar
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When a tangible product is NOT included in the service, it is called
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a pure service.
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In the early part of the 21st century, annual productivity growth in the U.S. has been _______ .
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2.5%
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Increases in productivity are difficult to achieve if
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the task is more intellectual and personal.
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Which of the following is not an OM strategy/issue during the decline stage of the product life cycle?
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limited product differentiation, cost minimization, over-capacity in the industry
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Standardization of product design is generally associated with the maturity stage of the product life cycle.
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True
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Global companies may be able to attract and keep the talent necessary for success.
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True
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Competing on differentiation is
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concerned with uniqueness
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A strategy is
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an action plan to achieve a mission
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Michel Porter suggested that firms achieve missions by
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differentiation, cost leadership, and quick response
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Differentiation can go beyond the physical product.
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True
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The difference between a multinational corporation (MNC) and an international business is
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for the multinational firm, the business done outside the country is especially significant
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Which of the following is not an OM strategy/issue during the growth stage of the product life cycle?
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reducing capacity
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Which of the following is not an OM strategy/issue during the introduction stage of the product life cycle?
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long production runs
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Which of the following international operations strategies exploits economies?
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transnational
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Which of the following are not characteristics of high-return-on-investment firms?
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high variety of product options
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Which of the following international operations strategies involve has a high degree of centralization?
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global
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Which of the following methods best considers intangible costs related to a location decision?
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factor-rating method
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What is the major difference in focus between location decision in the service sector and in the manufacturing center?
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the focus in service is revenue maximization, while the focus in manufacturing is cost minimization
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Service/retail/professional location analysis typically has a
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revenue focus
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The factors involved in location decisions include all of the following except
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foreign exchange, attitudes, labor productivity
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Industrial location analysis typically has a
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cost focus
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Which of the following is not a factor in the country location decision?
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zoning restrictions.
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Which of the following is not a factor in the final site selection decision?
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cultural issues
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Which of the following methods is a mathematical technique used for finding the best location for a single distribution point that services several stores or areas.
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center-or-gravity
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The transportation method
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determines the best pattern of shipments from several points of supply to several points of demand.
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management process
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the application of planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling, to the achievement of objectives
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service sector
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the segment of the economy that includes trade, financial, lodging, educational, legal, medical, and other professional occupations
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productivity
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the ratio of outputs (goods and services) divided by one or more inputs(such as labor, capital, or management)
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productivity variables
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the three factors critical to productivity improvement- labor, capital and the art and science of management
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knowledge society
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a society in which much of the labor force has migrated from manual work to work based on knowledge.
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cross-docking
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avoiding the placement of materials or supplies in storage by processing them as they are received for shipment
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customizing
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using warehouseing to add value to a product through component modification, repair, labeling and packaging
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process-oriented layout
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a layout the deals with low volume, high variety production in which like machines and equipment are grouped together
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job lots
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groups or batches of parts processed together
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work cell
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an arrangement of machines and personnel that focuses on making a single product or family of related products
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takt time
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pace of production to meet customer demands
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focused work center
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a permanent or semi permanent product-oriented arrangement of machines and personnel
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focused factory
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produce a product or component in a product oriented facility. a plant used to make seat belts or windows for cars
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heuristic
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problem solving using procedures and rules rather than mathematical optimization
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Assembly Line Balancing
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the process of assigning tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements.
