Nursing Professional Journal Essay Example

and rate, is a crucial factor in measuring circulation.

When considering circulation, several factors are important: peripheral temperatures, moisture and color of skin (affected by melanin level), skin turgidity, and time for blood capillaries to refill. Under normal circumstances, the CRT (capillary refill time) should be less than two seconds. In most medical emergencies, hypovolemia is considered the primary cause of shock in various patients, including infants and children. The state of the veins should be evaluated for signs of under-filling in the presence of hypovolemia, and the pulse rate of infants should be counted. If there are persistent symptoms and signs of cardiac failure, the infusion rate of fluids should be stopped or reduced. Alternative methods to enhance tissue perfusion should be considered. The clinician should indicate the appropriate blood sugar level.

Considerations for aids required for patient mobility or transfer are also important. Assessment parameters include unconsciousness causes such as cerebral hypoperfusion, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and administration of sedatives or analgesics. Glucose levels are measured using a rapid glucose meter or stick method. Skin color (pale, cyanotic, burnt tissue) should be inspected. Any rashes should consider size, texture, color, and shape (flat, raised, filled with fluid). Distribution pattern and number of lesions can vary among diseases.

When evaluating bruises and wounds, it is crucial to regularly examine areas that are more prone to risk. To properly assess an infant's body, it is necessary to uncover the entire body in order not to overlook any details. The level of care provided to the patient is also a significant factor, whether they are in the ward, HDU, or ICU. The characteristics that need consideration include the contour and distension

of the abdomen, which can be flat, scaphoid, distended, or rounded. This evaluation includes auscultation, inspection, and light palpation as final steps to identify visible abnormalities in the abdomen and determine the softness or tenderness of feces and bowel sounds. It is vital for accurate results that the stomach is not full during this assessment.

Non Invasive Ventilation (NIV) is a method used in the treatment of acute respiratory failure, specifically for infants and patients who should not have tubes inserted, such as the endotracheal tube. NIV aims to eliminate the risks associated with traditional mechanical ventilation, making it particularly important for many patients, especially infants. Instead of using an endotracheal tube, NIV utilizes a nasal or face mask to deliver ventilation support. This method has been employed in various ventilation modes, giving it greater significance compared to mechanical methods (Brody, 2016).

The method, however, has several drawbacks as it is not suitable for all patient groups, but only a specific group. Adult and infant patients with respiratory system issues are typically assigned to general wards unless they meet the criteria for admission to NIV. Furthermore, NIV is not suitable for patients suffering from respiratory arrests, organ failures, or excessive sputum production (Patel et al, 2016). Leakage is the primary disadvantage associated with NIV. Discuss the value of High Flow Nasal Therapies compared to CPAP (continuous positive airways pressure).

The CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) is a technique that applies gentle air pressure constantly to maintain open airways, especially for individuals who can breathe independently (Paeke, 2016). This method is commonly used to treat breathing issues in sleep apnea patients. It is also employed for treating premature infants

with underdeveloped lungs, such as those suffering from respiratory distress syndrome (Paeke, 2016). High flow nasal therapies deliver higher volumes of respiratory gases through nasal cannulas. When utilized in sleep apnea treatment, it is referred to as transnasal insufflations (TNI) (Brody et al, 2016). In poorly ventilated areas, the supply of oxygen is insufficient and carbon dioxide levels rise, causing individuals to breathe more rapidly in order to eliminate the accumulated carbon dioxide (Brody et al, 2016).

Infants face a greater risk of mortality due to their undeveloped lungs, which have difficulty eliminating carbon dioxide and depend on limited oxygen supply. Even with more oxygen available, removing carbon dioxide remains challenging. Surgical interventions may be required for infants, children, and young adults involving different body parts like the kidney, heart, lungs, and even the central nervous system. It is vital to follow specialist-prescribed surgical medications correctly.

According to Meisner et al. (2013), improper use of drugs can have negative impacts on the patient's body. These drugs imitate the body's defense mechanism, enhancing its ability to withstand diseases. It is important to grasp the functioning of these drugs in order to correctly administer them according to the patient's specific conditions (Meisner et al., 2013).