Mrs. O Benchmark – Flashcards
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What was one argument against the ratification of the U.S. Constitution?
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It lacked a bill of rights
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Which constitutional amendment defined the relationship between the federal and state governments?
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10th
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Which of the following is not a purpose of the federal government?
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establish schools
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Which court would be the first to determine the constitutionality of a local law?
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State Supreme Court
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Which argument best supports passage of an Equal Rights Amendment?
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The average woman earns 67 cents for every dollar earned by a man.
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In 1980, the media on the West Coast of the United States announced that Ronald Reagan had won the presidential election hours before the close of West Coast polling locations. The major media outlets were most likely able to make this determination based on
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exit polls
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How has the Internet helped elected officials to communicate with American citizens?
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by reaching wider audiences through new technologies
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Which role of a political party is best demonstrated by this headline? "Daily News: 'democrats and republicans to hold national conventions' "
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nominating candidates
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Which statement best explains how third parties can have a positive effect on national politics?
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Third parties often bring attention to topics that are unpopular or unknown
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If a city official has not fulfilled campaign promises, the MOST effective way to influence the next election is by
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registering to vote
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What is one major function of a political party?
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to nominate candidates for office
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How does this process influence U.S. politics? "National census taken every 10 years--congressional districts are reapportioned"
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Representation is based on population
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Use the list below to answer the question. Facts About Texas Based on the 2010 U.S. Census • Population: 25,145,561 • Number of Representatives: 34 • Number of Senators: 2 • Percentage of National Population: 8%
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36
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Use the table below to answer the question. U.S. Presidential Election Results Candidate Popular Vote Count Electoral College Votes Candidate A 35,345,888 265 Candidate B 34,670,232 273 Candidate C 2,235,102 0
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Candidate B won by securing the most Electoral College votes.
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How long is the term of office for a member of the House of Representatives?
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two years
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How many senators represent each state in the Senate?
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two
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Which phrase best explains the role of a conference committee in the lawmaking process?
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revising a bill
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Which conclusion can be drawn based on these maps?
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Alabama has more representation at the national level of government than Kansas.
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How is the membership of the House of Representatives determined?
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by the apportioned population of the states
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If you were a Senator, which branch of the federal government would you be a part of?
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Legislative
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You are a member of the House of Representatives and you were elected in 1998. In what year will you seek reelection?
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2000
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Which committee resolves differences between the House and Senate versions of the same bill?
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conference committee
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How does this government office encourage entrepreneurship? Mission To foster innovation and competitiveness by: Providing high quality and timely examination of patent and trademark applications, guiding domestic and international intellectual property policy, and delivering intellectual property information and education worldwide. —United States Patent and Trademark Office
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by protecting the rights of inventors
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How are the U.S. presidential elections different from congressional elections?
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Candidates can win the electoral vote without winning the popular vote
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Which phrase best completes this list? The Cabinet • Comprised of 15 different executive departments • Part of the executive branch of the national government • ?
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Provides advice to the president on matters of public policy
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1992 Presidential Election Results Presidential Candidate Political Party Percentage of Popular Vote Electoral Vote George Bush Republican 37.45% 168 William Clinton Democratic 43.01% 370 Based on the data in the table above, which statement best explains the outcome of the 1992 presidential election?
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The candidate with the majority of electoral votes became president.
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Which factor is used to assign electoral votes to each state?
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number of representatives and senators
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The main reason states such as California, Florida, and New York have significant influence on presidential elections is because they have Number of Electors in Selected States, 2008 Election Alaska 3 California 55 Connecticut 7 Florida 27 Georgia 5 New York 31 Oregon 7 Wyoming 3
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large populations.
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"All evidence obtained by searches and seizures in violation of the Federal Constitution is inadmissible in a criminal trial in a state court." Citation: Mapp v. Ohio, 1961 On which amendment was this decision based?
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4th
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A woman was fired by her employer for refusing to work on Saturdays because of her religious beliefs. She was denied unemployment benefits because the state concluded she had insufficient reasons for her refusal. Although the lower courts rejected her claim, the U.S. Supreme Court determined her constitutional rights had been violated. Which constitutional principle was applied by the U.S. Supreme Court in this case?
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the free exercise clause granted in the 1st Amendment
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Which statement best explains the Supreme Court's opinion in Plessy v. Ferguson?
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Segregation is legal as long as equal public facilities are provided.
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The legal concept established in the case of Marbury v. Madison was
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judicial review.
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Which U.S. Supreme Court case resulted in this decision? The right of an indigent defendant in a criminal trial to have the assistance of counsel is a fundamental right essential to a fair trial, and petitioner's trial and conviction without the assistance of counsel violated the Fourteenth Amendment. —U.S. Supreme Court, 1963
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Gideon v. Wainwright
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This excerpt demonstrates Thomas Jefferson's support for which feature of the U.S. Constitution?
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the establishment clause of the First Amendment
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The decision in the Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison established the power of the courts to
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interpret laws
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Which philosophy is expressed by Speaker 2? Speaker 1: Judges have the ability to use their authority to address major issues. Speaker 2: Judges should leave policymaking to the Congress and avoid overturning laws.
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judicial restraint
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In what decision did the Supreme Court rule that medical schools, when choosing who would be admitted, could not use specific quotas?
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U.C. Regents v. Bakke
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How did this decision affect the protection of free speech? The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theatre and causing a panic. It does not even protect a man from an injunction against uttering words that may have all the effect of force. —Schenck v. United States
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Speech was limited if it posed a danger to public safety.
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Which constitutional guarantee is demonstrated in this sequence?
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due process
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Use the excerpt below to answer the question. The warning of the right to remain silent must be accompanied by the explanation that anything said can and will be used against the individual in court. This warning is needed in order to make him aware not only of the privilege, but also of the consequences of forgoing it. . . . —Miranda v. Arizona, 1966 Which concept from the U.S. Constitution did the Supreme Court use to make this decision?
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due process rights
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What is the main power of the judicial branch?
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to interpret laws
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Which institution would most likely resolve this conflict?
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U.S. Supreme Court
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Which civic duty is required to ensure the Sixth Amendment right to trial? [T]he accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial . . . to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence. —Sixth Amendment
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serving on a jury
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Which Constitutional amendment ensures that federal laws apply equally to all people?
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14th Amendment
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Which action is best defined as a civic responsibility?
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serving on a jury
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Both central Africa and the Middle East are regions in conflict. Why would the United States have a large military force in the Middle East but not in central Africa?
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Natural resources in Middle Eastern countries are vital to the U.S. economy.
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