modern world history final review – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
How does the map of modern europe differ from the map of europe in the 17th century
answer
Today european nations are divided more along cultural and linguistic lines
question
How were Joseph II's policies similar to those of constitutional monarchies in England
answer
He increased citizens' rights and freedoms, such as freedom of speech
question
Why were absolute monarchies more common eastern europe than in western europe
answer
Eastern European countries were less developed and relied on strong absolute monarchies
question
what role did religion play in absolute and constitutional monarchies
answer
absolute monarchs believed in the divine right to rule, while constitutional monarchies gave more religious freedom
question
in what way did Descartes' philosophy of science challenge medieval views
answer
Descartes emphasized the role of doubt, while medieval thinkers emphasized the role of faith
question
Why did the church see the heliocentric view of the solar system as a challenge to its authority?
answer
The Heliocentric view, if correct, might mean god did not put humans at the center of the universe
question
Who wrote the Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosphy and discovered the force of gravity
answer
isaac Newton
question
What wa sthe major contribution of 16th century flemish doctor andreas vesalius
answer
He dissected bodies to correct misconceptions about anatomy
question
the wright brothers are most famous for
answer
the first successful manned flight
question
Which scientist transformed modern physics by developing the theory of relativity
answer
Albert Einstein
question
What is the Enlightenment philosophy of social contract
answer
the idea that people surrender some individual freedoms in return for safety and security
question
what did the enlightenment philosopher Montesqueu argue in his book the spirit of the laws
answer
government should be divided into three branches
question
what did enlightenment philosophers believe
answer
individual rights should be protected
question
what renaissance idea encouraged the enlightenmentby promoting the importance of the individuals
answer
humanism
question
how did the reformation contribute to the birth of the enlightenment
answer
it challenged the traditional authority of the church
question
how did the scientific revolution contribute to the birth of the enlightenment
answer
by promoting observations and analysis
question
which economic factor was a chief cause of the french revolution
answer
the burden of taxed in france fell primarily on the third estate
question
What action by the french revolutionary assembly deprived the poor and women of full equality
answer
only "active citizens" were allowed to vote, not " passive citizens"
question
How did the ideas of montesquie connect the ancient world with the new world
answer
he borrowed the idea of three branches of government from the roman republic and passed it along to the american revolutionaries
question
how did baron de montesquieu's beliefs influence the development of the united states constitution
answer
the importance of ensuring no one person of branch in government held all the power influenced the framing of the united states constitution
question
what event of the bastille was a tipping point for revolutionaries in france in 1789
answer
a mob of Parisians liberated several prisoners from the fortress
question
What historical event changed Napoleons identity from that of a conqueror to that of a failure
answer
the battle of Waterloo
question
What extreme radical leader enacted the reign of terror
answer
Maximilien Robespierre
question
How did the French revolution affect independence movements in latin america
answer
latin americans were inspired by french ideals to fight for freedom
question
why were creoles in latin America motivated to revolt agains spain and portugal
answer
they wanted to gain the power to participate in government
question
How was the rise of caudillos in latin american countryside a result of independence movements
answer
caudilos stepped into the power vacuum left by weakened central government
question
How did the invention of the cotton gin contribute to the industrial revolution
answer
it simplified the process of removing seeds from cotton fibers, increasing in the production of raw cotton
question
How did teh agricultural revolution help accelerate the industrial revolution
answer
surplus agricultural labor became available for industrial work.
question
How did advancements in the steam engine affect industrialization
answer
They promoted the spread of industrialization by eliminating the need for water source to power mills
question
HOw did the industrial revolution in the united states affect life in the cities
answer
Rapid urbanization lead to overcrowding and spread of disease
question
How did the Lowell system affect the lives of young, unmarried woman in the united states
answer
it gave them company-owned towns in which to live
question
How did robert owen's and adam smiths philosophies differ
answer
owen believed that economic production should be controlled by the government
question
who led boxer rebellion
answer
chinese nationalist who opposed the exploitation of china by imperialist power
question
what caused the first opium war
answer
british attempts to force china to accept opium as a payment
question
what caused the second opium war
answer
the harsh treaties imposed after the first opium war
question
how did the industrial revolution impact imperialism
answer
european nations used up many of their natural resources, leading them to conquer other lands
question
how is the lasting impact of imperialism most evident in the 21st century?
answer
borders created by imperialist nations have led to modern ethnic tensions
question
how did the Franco-Purssian war of 1870-1871 contribute to german unification
answer
German victory in the war incerased nationalism and patriotism in Germany
question
How did unification strengthen Italy as an industrial nation
answer
resources and technology could be shared across the whole nation
question
Which of the following was an effect following german unification
answer
the European balance of power broke down
question
Which these was a result of the Meiji Restoration in Japan in the late 19th Century
answer
Japans military strength increased
question
How did World War I assist the Women's suffrage movement in the US
answer
Women served valuable jobs during war efforts, breaking down resistance to suffrage
question
Which of these sparked labor reform and a more democratic government in Jamaica
answer
Dissatisfaction with British rule and the great depression
question
HOw were the independence movements in vietnam and Kenya similar
answer
Both movements involved violent conflicts
question
What did Mohandas Gandhi and Kenyatta have in Common
answer
Both led protests against British Rule
