Milady’s Chapter 8: Skin Disorders and Diseases – Flashcards
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ACNE
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(Acne Vulgaris) Frequently seen skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria known as propionibacterium acnes.
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ALBINISM
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Congenital hypgopigmentation, or absence of melanin pigment, of the body including the skin, hair, and eyes. *(Albino)
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ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS
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An allergy to an ingredient or chemical, usually caused by repeated skin contact with the chemical. *(What cosmetologists usually get)
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ANAEROBIC
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Cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.
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ANHIDROSIS
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Deficiency in perspiration, often a result of fever or certain skin diseases.
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BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
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Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules.
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BROMHIDROSIS
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Foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet, that is caused by bacteria. *(Bro, you stink)
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BULLA
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Large blister containing a watery fluid, similar to a vesicle but larger.
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CHLOASMA
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Condition characterized by increased pigmentation on the skin, in spots that are not elevated.
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CLOSED COMEDONE
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(Whitehead) Hair Follicle is closed and not exposed to the environment; sebum remains a white or cream color and comedone appears as small bump just under the skin.
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COMEDO
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(Black Head) A hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum.
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CONJUNCTIVITIS
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(Pink Eye) Common bacterial infection of the eyes, extremely contagious
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CONTACT DERMATITIS
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An inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances used in cosmetology
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CRUST
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Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing; an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material.
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CYST
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Closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, semi-fluid, or morbid matter, above or below the skin.
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DERMATITIS
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Inflammatory condition of the skin.
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DERMATOLOGIST
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A physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.
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MALIGNANT MELANOMA
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Most serious form of skin cancer, often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised
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MILIA
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Benign, keratin-filled cysts that can appear just under the spidermis and have no visible opening.
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MILIARIA RUBRA
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Prickly Heat, an acute inflammatory disorder of sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles and accompanied by burning, itching skin.
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MOLE
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Small, brownish spot or blemish on the skin, ranging in color from pale tan to brown bluish black.
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NEVUS
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(Birthmark) Small or large malformation of the skin due to sbnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries.
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NODULE
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A solid bump larger than .4 inches (1cm) that can easily be felt.
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NONCOMEDOGENIC
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Product that has been designed and tested so as to not to clog the follicle.
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PAPULE
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A raised bump, often red due to inflammation, and often sore due to the pressure of swelling; papules are frequently seen in acne; large sore bumps that do not have a head of pus.
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PRIMARY LESSION
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Lesions of color different that the color of the skin or lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin.
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PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES
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Scientific term for acne bacteria.
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PSORIASIS
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Skin disease characterfized by red patches, covered with silver-white scales usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back.
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PUSTULE
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Raised, inflammed pimple containing pus in the top of the lesioin, known as the head of the pimple.
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RETENTION HYPERKERATOSIS
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The hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming obstruction that clogs follicles and exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papules and pustules.
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ROSACEA
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Chronic redness congestion appearing primarily on the cheeks and nose, characterized by redness, dilation of the blood vessels and in some cases formation of papules and pustules.
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SCALE
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Any thin dry or oily plate of epidermal flakes. EX. Abnormal or excessive dandruff.
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DYSCHROMIAS
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Abnormal colorations.
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ECZEMA
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An inflammatory, uncomfortable and often chronic disease of the skin characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching.
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EXCORIATTION
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Skin sore, or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping.
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EXTRINSIC
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Primarily environmental factors.
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FISSURE
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A crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. EX. Severely cracked or chapped hands or lips.
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FREE RADICALS
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Unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging.
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HERPES SIMPLEX
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Fever blister or Cold Sore.
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HYPERHIDROSIS
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Excessive sweating caused by heat or geneacral body weakness.
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HYPERPIGMENTATION
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Darker than normal pigmentation, appearing as dark splotches.
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HYPERTROPHY
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Abnormal growth of the skin.
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HYPOPIGMENTATION
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Absence of pigment resulting in light or white splotches.
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IMPETIGO
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Contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesiions.
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INTRINSIC
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Factors over which we have little control.
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IRRITANT CONTACT DERMATITIS
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Occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis.
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KELOID
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Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue.
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KERATOMA
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Acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis commonly known as a callus, caused by pressure or friction on the hands and feet.
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LENTIGINES
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Freckles. Small yellow- to brown- colored spots on skin exposed to sunlight and air.
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LESIONS
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Mark on the skin; may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure or tissues or organ.
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LEUKODERMA
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Skin disorder characterized by light abnormal patches; caused by a burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment- producing cells.
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MACULE
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Spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle or a red spot left after a pimple has healed.
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SCAR
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Cicatrix; a lightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed.
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SEBACEOUS CYST
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Large protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum. Sabaceous cysts are usually seen on the scalp and back. They should be removed surgically.
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SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS
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Skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands; often characterized by inflammation; dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness.
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SECONDARY SKIN LESIONS
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Piles of material on the skin surface such as a crust or scab, or depressions in the skin surface such as an ulcer.
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SENSITIZATION
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Allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or substance.
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SKIN TAG
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A small brown or flesh-colored outgrowth of the skin.
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SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
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Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules.
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STAIN
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Abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular and/or irregular shape.
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TAN
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Change in pigmentation of skin caused by exposure to the sun or ultraviolet rays.
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TELANGUECTASIAS
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Distended or dilated surface blood vessels.
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TUBERCLE
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Abnormal rounded, solid lump above, within or under the skin; larger than a papule.
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TUMOR
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A swelling; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive multiplication of cells, varying in size, shape, and color.
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ULCER
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Open lesion on the skin mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth.
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VERRUCA
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Wart. Hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis.
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VESICLE
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Small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis.
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VITILIGO
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Hereditary condition that causes hypopigmented spots and splotches on the skin; may be related to thyroid conditions.
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WHEAL
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Itchy, swollen lesions that lasts only a few hours; caused by a blow or scratch, the bite of an insect, urticaria (skin allergy), Or the sting of a nettle. EX; Hives and Mosquito Bites.
