Middle Ages test – Flashcards
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Pope Leo III proclaimed Charlemagne to be emperor of the Romans because Charlemagne had____
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Successful united Britain France and Germany for the first time sense the Roman Empire
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What was a result of the Treaty of Verdun in 843?
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Split Charlemagne's empire into three regions
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Part of a vassal's obligation under his feudal contract was to ____
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Pledged loyalty to the lord and 40 days of military service a year
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Marriage in noble society often included fierce negotiations over
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Unmarried or widowed heiress
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When the ownership of a manor was granted to a new lord, the serfs
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Went along with it
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To achieve salvation, medieval Christians believed that they must
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Participate in the sacraments or sacred rites of the church
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Under Benedictine Rule, monks and nuns took vows of
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obedience to the abbot or abbot, poverty, and purity
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The Truce of God required Christian nobles to
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Demanded war to stop between Friday and Sunday and during religious holidays
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What crop restored fertility to the soil in the three-field system of rotating crops?
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Legumes
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Newcomers to a medieval city often settled in the fields outside the city walls because
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The space within the city was over flowed
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What was a purpose of the missi dominici that Charlemagne sent throughout his kingdom?
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To keep control of these provincial rulers
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What important step did King Clovis take in ruling his conquered lands in the late 400s?
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Converted to Christianity
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Starting in the late 700s, which group attacked Western Europe from the sea and broke the last threads of unity in Charlemagne's empire?
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The Vikings
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Feudalism developed as a way for medieval societies to
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Get protection
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A vassal owed his first loyalty to his
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Liege lord
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Chivalry was a
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Code adopted by knights
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In the manor system, the peasants had to
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Work several days a week farming the lords land repair his roads bridges and fences
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In the later Middle Ages, the Church
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Had most of the control
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What was the result of the Church reforms of Pope Gregory VII in 1073?
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A bitter battle with the German emperor
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The claim of papal supremacy held that
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Popes had authority over all secular rulers including kings and emperors
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Friars differed from other monks in that they
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They did not live in isolated monasteries
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What commercial practice did Europeans adopt from the Muslim merchants with whom they traded?
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Using credit rather than cash
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The new middle class in medieval society included
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Merchants, traders, artisans
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As a response to overcrowding, residents of medieval cities built
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Second and third stories to their houses
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During the High Middle Ages, one method monarchs used to gain more power was to
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Expand the royal domain
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In 1122, the treaty called the Concordat of Worms gave the Church the sole power to
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Elect and invest bishops with spiritual authority
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What was an effect of the Hundred Years' War?
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It set France and England on different paths
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After the Reconquista was complete in 1492, Queen Isabella
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Was determined to bring religious as well as political unity to Spain
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Science made little real progress in Europe in the Middle Ages because
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Most scholars still believed that all true knowledge must fit with church teachings
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What work did Italian poet Dante Alighieri write that takes the reader on an imaginary journey into hell and purgatory?
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Divine Comedy
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Which of the following was an effect of the Black Death?
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Things that did happen were 1 out of 3 people died a death rate worse than any war in history, people turned to witch craft and magic for cures
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The system of common law established by English King Henry II
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Was a legal system based on custom and court rulings
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Why did King John sign the Magna Carta in England in 1215?
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He was cornered by a group of rebels
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One major reason why universities began to emerge in medieval Europe was that
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The church wanted better educated clergy
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The Gothic style of architecture is noted for
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The flying buttresses
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Why did many rural peasants move to cities during the plague years of the late 1300s?
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They were looking for work
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A bitter debate took place between Henry II of England and the Church because Henry
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Wanted to extend royal power
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What effect did the Crusades have on Jewish people in Europe in the late Middle Ages?
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Crusaders sometimes turned their religious fury against Jews massacring entire communities
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The Crusades resulted in dramatic changes throughout medieval Europe. Describe two positive and two negative effects of these changes on the lives of European
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Good - trade increased and expanded, Christians began to realize that millions of people live in regions they had never known existed Bad - Many people were killed and because of the crusading spirit Queen Isabella runs educated non Christians out of Spain
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Serf
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Peasants on a manor bound to the land
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Troubadour
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Wandering musicians
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Apprentice
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Trainee to a guild master
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Clovis
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Was the king of the franks converted to Christianity
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Journeyman
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Salaried workers
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Fief
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Estate
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Charter
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Written document set out rights and privileges of the town
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St. Francis of Assisi
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He devote himself to preaching the gospels
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Papal Supremacy
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Popes authority over all secular rulers including kings and emperors
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Knight
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Mounted warrior
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Reconquista
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Reconquest
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King John
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Clever cruel and untrustworthy ruler
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Scholasticism
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Trying to resolve the conflict between faith and reason
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Epidemic
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Outbreak of rapid spreading disease
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Lay investitures
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The emperor or another lay person presented bishops with the ring and staff that symbolized their office
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Frederick Barbarossa
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Holy roman emperor dreamed of an empire
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Vernacular
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Everyday languages of ordinary people
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Crusades
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Christians battled Muslims for control of the lands in the Middle East
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King Louis IX
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Deeply religious man persecuted Jews
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Illumination
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The artistic decoration of books and manuscripts
