question

(Uniformitarianism, Stratigraphy, Volcanism, Catastrophism) suggests that Earth is young, while (volcanism, catastrophism, meteorology, uniformitarianism) proposes that Earth is old.

answer

Catastrophism /uniformitarianism

question

The law that states that rock layers closest to the surface are the youngest rock is the _____. A. law of original horizontality B. law of superposition C. law of original lateral continuity D. law of gravity and oppositional force E. law of cross-cutting relationships

answer

B. law of superposition

question

The longest interval of time is called _____. A. an eon B. a period C. an era D. a century

answer

an eon

question

The law of original horizontality states that _____. A. any undisturbed sequence of layered rocks has the oldest rock on the bottom B. sediment deposited into water will keep spreading from side to side C. sediment deposited into water will settle at the bottom in flat layers D. all fossils are found in the oldest layers of rock

answer

C. sediment deposited into water will settle at the bottom in flat layers

question

Scientific evidence suggests all geologic processes have been the same throughout Earth's history. True or False

answer

True

question

Select all of the answers that apply. The Proterozoic era is defined by the following events: A. eukaryotic cells first seen B. stable continents C. first bacteria fossils D. the Cambrian explosion E. oxygen building up in atmosphere

answer

A. eukaryotic cells first seen B. stable continents E. oxygen building up in atmosphere

question

In the _____ era, you would see ferns, trees, and dinosaurs. A. Proterozoic B. Paleozoic C. Mesozoic D. Cenozoic

answer

C. Mesozoic

question

In (stratigraphy, paleontology, uniformitarianism, meteorology) you study rock strata, and in (stratigraphy, paleontology, uniformitarianism, meteorology) you study fossils.

answer

stratigraphy /paleleontology

question

When paleontologists refer to the "Big Five," to what are they referring? A. The five most influential organisms that have now become extinct. B. The five most influential mass extinctions in Earth's history. C. The five most influential events that have changed the surface of the earth. D. The five most influential inventions that have allowed them to study mass extinctions.

answer

B. The five most influential mass extinctions in Earth's history.

question

Biologists estimate how long ago species separated from a common ancestor using a technique called _____. A. a molecular clock B. radiometric dating C. relative dating D. stratigraphy

answer

A. a molecular clock

question

_____ created oxygen in the early atmosphere. A. Photosynthetic bacteria B. Asteroids hitting the earth C. Plankton D. Volcanic eruptions E. Forests

answer

A. Photosynthetic bacteria

question

The Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction, the most famous of all the Big Five, has been attributed to what major event that triggered the fall of the dinosaurs? A. an asteroid hitting the earth B. increased competition from mammals C. rapid growth of forests on land surfaces D. glaciation

answer

A. an asteroid hitting the earth

question

Ninety-five percent of all living organisms were killed by the deadliest mass extinction in history. It is known as the _____ mass extinction. A. Cretaceous-Tertiary B. End Triassic C. Permian-Triassic D. Late Devonian E. Ordovician-Silurian

answer

C. Permian-Triassic

question

When huge numbers of species die out in a short period of time, it's known as a mass extinction. True or False

answer

True

question

Scientists think the earth is approximately how old? A. 2 billion years B. 3 billion years C. 4 ½ billion years D. 6 ½ billion years

answer

C. 4 ½ billion years

question

The first life forms found on Earth were _____. A. bryozoans B. bacteria C. insects D. shellfish

answer

B. bacteria

question

A geologist is studying layers of rock. He finds a fossil of a bony fish. According to the law of faunal and floral succession, what new type of fossil would he most likely find next, in the layers of rock above? A. a fossil of an amphibian B. a fossil of a reptile C. a fossil of a trylobite D. a fossil of a human

answer

A. a fossil of an amphibian

question

The rate at which a parent atom creates daughter atoms is always _____. A. unstable and changing B. constant and unique C. unstable and rare D. never found in nature

answer

B. constant and unique

question

An enormous rifting occurred, causing massive floods of basaltic lavas and the release of large amounts of gas. This is thought to have been the cause of which mass extinction? A. Cretaceous-Tertiary B. End Triassic C. Permian-Triassic D. Late Devonian E. Ordovician-Silurian

answer

B. End Triassic

question

formation of the solar system (Hadean eon, Archean eon, Proterozoic eon, Phanerozoic eon, Paleozoic era, Mesozoic era, Cenozoic era)

answer

Hadean eon

question

toxic atmosphere; first bacteria (Hadean eon, Archean eon, Proterozoic eon, Phanerozoic eon, Paleozoic era, Mesozoic era, Cenozoic era)

answer

Archean eon,

question

time of the dinosaurs (Hadean eon, Archean eon, Proterozoic eon, Phanerozoic eon, Paleozoic era, Mesozoic era, Cenozoic era)

answer

Mesozoic era

question

current eon in Earth's history (Hadean eon, Archean eon, Proterozoic eon, Phanerozoic eon, Paleozoic era, Mesozoic era, Cenozoic era)

answer

Phanerozoic eon

question

largest mass extinction in Earth's history

answer

Paleozoic era

question

sometimes called "Age of Mammals" (Hadean eon, Archean eon, Proterozoic eon, Phanerozoic eon, Paleozoic era, Mesozoic era, Cenozoic era)

answer

Cenozoic era

question

buildup of oxygen; first eukaryotes (Hadean eon, Archean eon, Proterozoic eon, Phanerozoic eon, Paleozoic era, Mesozoic era, Cenozoic era)

answer

Proterozoic eon,

question

Sediment continues to spread in a flat plane until it hits an edge or runs out of material. A. law of original horizontality B. law of superposition C. law of original lateral continuity D. law of cross-cutting or intrusive relationships

answer

C. law of original lateral continuity

question

The youngest strata is at the top and the oldest is at the bottom. A. law of original horizontality B. law of superposition C. law of original lateral continuity D. law of cross-cutting or intrusive relationships

answer

B. law of superposition

question

f there is a fracture or intrusive feature seen in rock strata, it is younger than the rock strata. A. law of original horizontality B. law of superposition C. law of original lateral continuity D. law of cross-cutting or intrusive relationships

answer

D. law of cross-cutting or intrusive relationships

question

Sediment gets pulled down by gravity in a horizontal and flat layer. A. law of original horizontality B. law of superposition C. law of original lateral continuity D. law of cross-cutting or intrusive relationships

answer

A. law of original horizontality

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