Last exam – Flashcard
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The term used to describe the speed and intensity with which a pathogen is likely to cause and infection is
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Virulence
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When to take transfers Lyme disease from a deer to a human the tick is considered the what in the chain of infection
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Vector
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Which of the following statements regarding bacteria and viruses is false
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Verses are able to replicate on their own
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Mad cow disease is caused by what type of poorly understood micro organism
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PR I ON
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Which of the following is not an example from the parasite category
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Fungi
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Megan suffers from candidiasis do you vaginal yeast infection which type of micro organism has infected Megan
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Fungus
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Tapeworms belong to which category of organisms involved in human infection and disease
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Helminths
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Which of the following statements about micro organisms that cause human faction and diseases false
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Protozoa are really cause illness in humans
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The acute inflammatory response is part of which immune system
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Innate
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Giovanni is not a physical barrier against infection
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Lysozyme
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All of the following are chemical barriers involved in immunity except
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The skin
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Which type of white blood cell is responsible for the antibody production in the acquired immunity response
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B cells
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The lymphocytes. That are responsible for monitoring the events that occur inside the body's cells are which type of cell
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T cell
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The lymphocytes that Monitor blood and tissue fluids are which type of cell
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B cell
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In the acquired immune system helper cells do all the following except
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Produce antibiotic
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After an infection or immunization memory cells develop and can lead to a rapid response it the same organism is encountered by the body again this person is said to have
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Immunity
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Which of the following statements regarding hepatitis B and hepatitis C is false
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A vaccine is currently available to prevent hepatitis C
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Which of the following statements about anabiotic resistance in bacteria is false
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Bacteria can only pass resistant jeans on to their progeny
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The main factors believe to includes bacterial resistance are
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The frequency of resistance genes among bacteria and antibiotic overuse
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Which of the following is the pneumonia type illness that surfaced in February 2003 in China and cause an epidemic scare
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Acute severe respiratory syndrome
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What is the most common infectious disease worldwide
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Tuberculosis
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Which of the following statements regarding tuberculosis is false
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People with HIV infection have no greater risk than the general population for active tuberculosis
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The most common sexual transmitted disease in the United States is
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The human papilloma virus
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Safe and effective vaccine is available for which of the following sexually transmitted disease is
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Hepatitis B
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Federico has painful sores on his penis which sexually-transmitted disease does Fredrica most likely have
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Herpes simplex
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Which of the following statements regarding gonorrhea and chlamydia is false
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Most men with chlamydia infection will have symptoms
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Which of the following statements about human immunodeficiency virus is false
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Infected person remains symptomatic after the viral load setpoint is establish
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Which of the following situations has not been shown to transmit HIV between individuals
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Cattle contacts that is holding hands or hugging
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Which of the following is true regarding perinatal transmission of HIV
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The risk of transmission from mother to child can be significantly deduce used of anti-retro viral medication during pregnancy and delivery
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Hepatitis C most severely affects which area of the body
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Liver
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Which of the following is not among the steps you should take to protect yourself from infectious disease is
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Use antibiotics frequently
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Which of the following is one of the ABCD's of STD prevention
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Promote detection of STDs
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The right ventricle of the heart
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Pumps oxygen poor blood into the lungs
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The leading cause of death in the United States is
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Cardiovascular disease
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What are the following statements about atherosclerosis is false
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It is an irreversible process
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Bob had a myocardial infarction in other words Bob had a
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Heart attack
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Which of the following statements regarding symptoms of heart attacks is false
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All symptoms occur in all cases they are just not always recognize
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A blood clot that develops a distant site and then travels to blood vessel where it becomes larger blocks blood flow is called a
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Embolism
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Which of the following conditions with sudden onset is not a signal that a stroke has occurrd
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Ringing ears
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Which of the following statements about peripheral vascular disease is false
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PVD is often fatal in older adults
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Kevin woke up and had difficulty speaking he went to the hospital and several hours later his speech is back to normal what medical condition best describes Kevin's situation
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Transient ischemic attack
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What is the condition in which the heart because I'm scared after it through infection with the strain of strep to caucus bacteria
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Rheumatic heart disease
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The optimal range for blood pressure level is
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Systolic less than 120 and diastolic less than 80
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Which of the following ethnic population groups has the highest rate of hypertension
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Black
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Perhaps the most important on controllable risk factor for cardiovascular disease is
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Age
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Which of the following is not a noncontrollable risk factor for cardiovascular disease
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Ethnicity
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Which of the following statements regarding differences between men and women with heart disease is false
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If a woman has a heart attack she is less likely than a man to die from it
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Which of the following is not one of the major controllable risk factors known to increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease
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Vitamin deficiency
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Elevated levels of which type of lipoprotein are clearly associated with atherosclerosis
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Low density lipoprotein's
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Which type of lipoprotein takes cholesterol from cells or atherosclerotic deposits back to the liver
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Higher density lipoprotein
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Which of the following statements regarding high density lipoprotein's is false
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HDL levels vary greatly with Age
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What is the leading control risk factor for all forms of cardiovascular disease
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Tobacco use
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Which of the following statements regarding tobacco and cardiovascular risk is false
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Tobacco decreases level of LDL-cholesterol
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Which of the following statements is true
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Secondhand tobacco smoke increases the risk of heart disease
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What to the following statements are running cardiovascular health and diabetes is false
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People with diabetes are less likely to have silent heart attacks
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My blood levels of the amino acid blank have been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease
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Homocysteine
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Which of the following statements regarding tobacco use and cardiovascular disease is false
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Smoking affects appear to decrease about 10 years after tobacco use is stopped
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Which of the following statements regarding the treatment of cerebrovascular disease is false
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Quad does all the medications can be use for all types of strokes
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An EKG is used to visualize what
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Electrical activity in the heart
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During which surgical procedure is a balloon catheter threaded into the narrow area of a closed vessel and inflated to stretch the vessel open again
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Angioplasty
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A diet that supports cardiovascular health does not empathize which of the following
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High-fat dairy
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Visceral fat as indicated by Abdominal circumference and lack of physical activity affairs to be a strong indicator of risk for which type of diabetes
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Type two
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A combination of insulin resistant hypertension high lipids and central obesity represents what medical syndrome
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Metabolic syndrome
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In the United States blank people are at risk of developing diabetes in the next 10 years
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79 million
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Type one diabetes is caused bye
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The destruction of insulin producing cells in the pancreas by the immune system
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Which type of obesity not associated with obesity
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Type one
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Type two diabetes accounts for blank of all creases of diabetes
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90 to 95%
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The two most common forms of chronic lung disease are asthma and
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COPD
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Ongoing cough shortness of breath wheezing and chest tightness
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Asthma bronchitis and emphysema
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A person with which of the following is most likely to require supplemental oxygen in later stages
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Emphysema
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Define statements is not true regarding treatments for asthma
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Inhaled steroids are used during asthma attacks
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Cells that are capable of unlimited division and retain the ability to become different cell types are called
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Stem cells
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Which of the following is not a safety mechanism in place to help maintain cell order and decrease the chance of cancer developing in the body
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Initiating event
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Which of the following does not trigger an initiating event
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Stem cell protection
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What determines which type of cancer in individuals diagnosed with
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The tissue in which a cancer originate or the primary site
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The most common form of cancer blank is a large category of cancers originate from epithelial tissue
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Carcinoma
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Cancer that starts in bone marrow
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Leukemia
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The most significant risk for most cancers is
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Age
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Which of the following is not a source of ionizing radiation
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UVA rays
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Certain environmental conditions can increase one's likelihood of being exposed to carcinogens in developing cancer which of the following is not an environment that increases one expose her to carcinogens
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Dense forests
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Which of the following statements regarding tobacco use and cancer is false
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Smokers are no let more likely to die from lung cancer than non-smokers
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What do the following statements about diets affect on cancer is false
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Diet high in fiber appear to increase the risk of colon cancer
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Which of the following statements about sun exposure is false
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Sunburns during adulthood seem to be the most strung associate it with melanoma
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Many naturally occurring environmental exposures increased risk for cancer residence in many parts of North America exposed to low levels of the radioactive gas blank and their homes particularly in homes with basements
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Radon
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Which of the following infection to cancer type associations is not correct
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Hepatitis B to skin cancer
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Which of the following statements about reproductive behaviors effects on cancer rates is false
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Pregnancy appears increase the risk for breast and ovarian cancer
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Leading cause of cancer death is attributed to what type of cancer
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Lung
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Which of the following statements regarding lung cancer is false
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Chest x-rays are recommended as a routine screening test for lung cancer
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Of the following is not among the risk factors for breast cancer
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Late onset of menstruation
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Which of the following is not a factor that decreases the risk of breast cancer
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Use of hormone replacement therapy
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I'm a replacement therapy reduces the risk for which of the following conditions
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Colon cancer
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To the following is not a strong risk factor for ovarian cancer
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Use of oral contraceptive pill
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Which cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in men in the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men
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Prostate
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To the following statements regarding prostate cancer is false
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Most warning signs occur in the early seasons of cancer
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One of the main screening test available for prostate cancer is the blank test
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PSA
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Which of the following statements about colon cancer is false
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Postmenopausal women who take estrogen therapy have a higher risk of colon cancer
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: Cancer screening test include all the following except
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: Specific antigen test
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Risk for endometrial cancer is increased by all the following except
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Having multiple sex partners
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Which of the following statements about ovarian cancer is false
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Women with the genetic predisposition for ovarian cancer have about 10% chance of developing ovarian cancer
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The common features of a Red, scaley area with the non-healing sore describe which type of skin cancer
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Squamous cell
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Which of the following statements about cancer screening tests is true
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Jag screening is reserved for people whose families have multiple members with cancer
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A drug treatment that work to interfere with rapid cell division
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Chemotherapy
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Approximately how many people living in the United States have had cancer
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12 million
