L-pharmacology ch14 – Flashcards
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the brand name for lidocaine is what?
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Xylocaine
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The brand name for Bupivicaine is what?
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Marcaine
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The brand name for mepivacaine is what?
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Carbocaine
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What is not an amide anesthetic?
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Cocaine
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The generic name for Xylocaine is what?
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Lidocaine
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The generic name for Carbocaine is what?
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Mepivacaine
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The generic name for Marcaine is what?
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Bupivacaine
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The generic name for Sensorcaine is what?
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Bupivacaine
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Anesthesia that is administered at the surgical site is called?
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Local
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Topical administration of 4% cocaine solution for a septoplasty is an example of ________ anesthesia.
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Local
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A healthy 32 yr old woman is scheduled for elective excision of a nevus from her right shoulder. What method of anesthesia is likely to be used?
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Local
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What method of anesthesia is likely to be used for a 45 yr old alcohol intoxicated man for a closed reduction and cast application of a fractured forearm?
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Axillary block
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What method of anesthesia will most likely be used for an elective cystoscopy on an adult?
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Local
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Local anesthesia blocks the transmission of pain impulses to the brain; as a result, the patient cannot feel pain but is able to move and feel pressure.
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True
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What local anesthetic is ONLY used topically?
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Cocaine
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Cocaine is a controlled substance and when used in the OR must never be left unattended.
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True
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What local anesthetic is NEVER injected?
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Cocaine
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What is an untrue statement about cocaine use during surgery?
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4% solution may be administered intravenously
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What is not a vasoconstrictor?
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Lidocaine
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Lidocaine is available for injection in which concentrations?
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0.5, 1, 2%
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Lidocaine last longer than bupivacaine.
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False
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What local anesthetic has the longest duration?
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Bupivacaine
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Marcaine is available is what concentrations?
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0.25, 0.5, 0.75%
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Epinephrine is common with local anesthetics in the 1:50,000 concentration.
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False
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What is not associated with inadvertent injection of high concentration epinephrine?
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Nausea and vomiting
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What local anesthetic has the shortest duration?
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Xylocaine
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An 82 yr old patient is scheduled for pacemaker insertion. what form of anesthesia is most likely to have been planned?
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Monitored anesthesia care
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Injection of local anesthetic into the nerve plexus that supplies the operative area is generally termed what.
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Monitored anesthesia care
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For which type of regional block is the anesthetic agent injected into the subarachnoid space?
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Spinal
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Regional blocks affect the sensory and motor nerve supply and epidural anesthesia is one example of it.
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True
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What type of regional block requires a 3 inch needle to be inserted between the vertebral bodies and through the dura mater?
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Spinal
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What type of regional block is the anesthetic agent injected into the space that surrounds the dura mater?
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Epidural
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Spinal anesthesia may be used for an Intestinal resection.
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False
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Which regional block requires that the anesthetic agent be injected into the space that surrounds the dura mater via the sacral canal?
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Caudal
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Caudal block is primarily used for what?
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Vaginal childbirth
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What regional block requires that the anesthetic agent be injected into the muscle bundle behind the eye?
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Retrobulbar
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Extremity blocks for the arm may be established at what nerve locations?
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Median, Radial, Ulnar
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Extremity blocks for the leg may be established at what nerve locations?
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Obturator, Femoral, Tibial
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An axillary approach for arm block requires injection of local anesthetic agents at which nerve network?
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Brachial plexus
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When it comes to axillary blocks, the arm must be exsanguinated first.
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False
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What is an intravenous block?
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Bier
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To render an extremity bloodless by elevation or constriction is termed what?
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Exsanguination
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What block requires exsanguination of the affected extremity?
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Bier
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Bier block may be employed for procedures performed on what areas?
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Distal upper and lower extremities
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What piece of equipment is essential to perform a bier block for a carpal tunnel release?
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Tourniquet
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In regards to Bier blocks, they are a fast and effective method of anesthesia for reduction of fractures.
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False
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This means absence of heart beat.
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Asystole
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This means listening to the sound of the heart and lungs.
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Auscultation
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This is the measure of the force of blood against the arterial walls.
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Blood Pressure
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This means slow heart rate
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Bradycardia
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This measures expired carbon dioxide.
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Capnometry
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This means abnormal cardiac rhythm.
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Dysrhythmia
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This is the process of recording electrical activity of the heart.
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Electrocardiography
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The is the record of electrical activity of the brain.
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Electroencephalogram
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This is rendered bloodless.
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Exsanguination
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This is pertaining to the anterior surface of the body overlying the heart.
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Precordial
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What does ABG stand for?
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Arterial Blood Gas
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What does CVP stand for?
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Central Venous Pressure
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What does MAC stand for?
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Monitored Anesthesia Care
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What does PVC stand for?
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Premature Ventricular Contraction
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This is the Oxygen saturation of blood.
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Pulse oximetry
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This is force of blood.
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Blood pressure
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This is the sounds of the chest.
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Auscultation
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This is expired carbon dioxide.
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Capnometry
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This is heart rate and rhythm.
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Electrocardiography against vessel walls
