The first factor that contributes to attitude is the affective component, which refers to an emotional reaction one possesses toward an attitude object. An attitude that is derived from or originally formed through an emotion is called an affectively based attitude. Attitudes about sensitive topics like religion, sex, and politics are typically affectively based because they commonly stem from an individual's values. Such attitudes are often utilized to validate and express our value systems or moral beliefs (Mayer, 2013).
The second component of attitude is the behavioral component, which pertains to how a person behaves when they encounter an attitude object. This component is the second part of a particular attitude. Your attitude is typically formed based on your observation of your own behavior, making this an example of a behaviorally based attitude (Mayer, 2013). The cognitive component is the final component of attitude.
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Attitude refers to an individual's beliefs and thoughts towards a particular object. It encompasses cognitive, emotional, and physical reactions (Mayer, 2013). One form of attitude is prejudice, which unjustifiably targets a group and its members. Prejudice operates both consciously and unconsciously and is exacerbated by social inequality. It serves as a means to redirect anger by assigning blame to others (Mayer, 2013).
Alternatively, aggression encompasses any form of physical or verbal behavior with the intention to harm or destroy. A person develops aggression when it leads to desired outcomes (Mayer, 2013). Attraction involves three components. Firstly, proximity refers to geographical closeness and strongly predicts friendship. Secondly, physical attractiveness is the next crucial factor in attraction. Lastly, similarity in views among individuals strengthens the bond of attraction (Mayer, 2013). To explain the impact of groups
on an individual's behavior, it is important to first understand the concept of a reference group. A reference group is a group that individuals use as a benchmark when comparing themselves to other groups.
When we become part of a reference group, it will impact our actions (Mayer, 2013). Consequently, we may either embrace the design of this reference group or consider it as inferior. To differentiate between conformity and obedience, conformity refers to an individual's behavior that aligns with a specific group's behavior. It involves adjusting one's own emotions, attitudes, and beliefs to imitate or align with the views of the individuals in that group. Conformity is thus influenced by indirect authority and subtle pressure (Mayer, 2013).
On the other hand, obedience is the act of following instructions or directions without protest or question. The instruction or order is given by an authority figure who is assumed to be the head or leader. These authority figures are created through society standards (Mayer, 2013).
Social psychology helps us understand how we perceive ourselves in relation to our colleagues at our workplace, and it therefore influences our beliefs and behaviors. Our workmates' opinions also influence how we view ourselves and our behavior (Mayer, 2013).
Social psychology plays a crucial role in enhancing our relationships with colleagues in the workplace.
Reference:
- Mayer P., (2013), Socialization: The Approach from social Anthropology, London, Routledge.
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