IDLA US History 10A Module 2 Quizzes – Flashcards
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•Common Sense
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written by Thomas Paine; called for Independence from Britain. 150,000 copies of Common Sense circulated throughout the colonies and inspired colonists.
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•Continental Congress
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federal legislature of the American colonies during the American Revolution.
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•Crispus Attucks
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a former slave turned sailor who was killed in the Boston Massacre.
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•Declaration of Independence
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formal document declaring independence for the 13 Colonies from Great Britain. The main author of this document was Thomas Jefferson.
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•Declaratory Act
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passed after the repeal of the Stamp Act; declared British authority to make and pass laws for the colonies.
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•Deism
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a religious outgrowth of the Enlightenment. Deists relied on the reasoning power of science rather than on faith. Influenced men like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson.
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•French and Indian War
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(1689-1763) collective name for four colonial wars in North America, fought between Great Britain and France with Native American nations fighting on both sides.
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•Intolerable Acts
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also known as the Coercive Acts. British legislation designed to punish the American colonists after the Boston Tea Party.
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•John Adams
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future 2nd President of the United States; Represented the British Soldiers in the Boston Massacre trials. Four of the men were acquitted and two were convicted of manslaughter.
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•John Locke
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British Philosopher who's writing influenced early American Leaders. Many of his words were referenced in the Declaration of Independence.
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•Lord North
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Prime Minister of Great Britain during Revolutionary War.
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•Minute Men
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citizen soldiers in the American colonies who volunteered to fight the British at a "minute's" notice.
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•Natural Rights
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rights granted to human-kind by their Creator. Written about in the Declaration of Independence.
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•Navigation Acts
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passed in 1660's but more fully enforced during the 1760's. Listed specific commodities that could be shipped only within the English empire.
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•Paul Revere
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American silversmith and political leader in the American Revolution, did an engraving of the Boston Massacre that was highly inaccurate in its details.
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•Popular Sovereignty
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the political idea that government is created by and subject to the will of the people.
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•Proclamation of 1763
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issued by British Government calling for a halt to westward expansion beyond the Appalachians.
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•Samuel Adams
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American revolutionary leader, helped plan the Boston Tea Party.
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•Sons of Liberty
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secret organization formed to protest the stamp act. dressed as Native Americans and carried out the Boston Tea Party.
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•Stamp Act
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(1765) required that revenue stamps be affixed to all printed documents in the American colonies.
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•Stamp Act Congress
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(1765) comprised of delegates from nine colonies; petitioned Parliament to repeal the act.
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•Sugar Act
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(1764) parliamentary measures designed to increase Great Britain's profits from the lucrative West Indian and North American sugar trade. Placed tariffs on sugar, wine, coffee, and other items imported by the colonies.
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•Thomas Hutchinson
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Massachusetts Governor who three British ships to dock in the Boston Harbor until their tea cargo was unloaded. These ships were the site of the Boston Tea Party.
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•Thomas Jefferson
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future 3rd President of the United States. Main author of the Declaration of Independence; influenced highly by philosophies of John Locke and other philosophers of the Enlightenment.
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•Thomas Paine
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political theorist and writer who wrote Common Sense. This action was considered treasonous.
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•Townshend Act
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(1767) four measures enacted to raise revenue to pay the salaries of British governors and other officials in the colonies; taxed a wide variety of imports, including glass, lead, paints, paper, silk, and tea.
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•Treason
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any act the intention of which is to overthrow the recognized government or harm the head of state. A person convicted of treason is known as a traitor.
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Abigail Adams
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wife of patriot leader John Adams; she urged her husband to take women's rights into consideration if and when the colonies gained independence.
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•Allies
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countries or states that unite to benefit one another for a military or other purpose. In the Revolutionary War America were allies with France and Spain.
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•American Revolution
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successful revolt by the Thirteen Colonies in North America against British rule.
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•Baroness Von Riedesel
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wife of a German General; her writings helped to document the Saratoga Campaign.
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•Battle of Bunker Hill
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1775: near Boston; first large scale battle of the war resulting in heavy losses for the British.
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•Battles of Lexington & Concord
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1775: fought in Massachusetts, the first battle of the Revolutionary War.
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•Bayonet
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a sword-like stabbing blade that may be fixed to the muzzle of a rifle for use in hand-to-hand fighting.
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•Benedict Arnold
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American Revolutionary general and traitor; angry at General Washington he planned to leak Colonial Intelligence but his plan was foiled.
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•Benjamin Franklin
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early Revolutionary and diplomat to Great Britain. He was on the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence and later served at the Constitutional Convention.
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•George Mason
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led many protests against the Revenue Acts and was influential member of the Continental Congress.
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•George Washington
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g and Commander-in-Chief of the Colonial Army. Future 1st President of the United States.
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•Guerilla Tactics
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fighting strategy used by the colonials learned from the Native Americans. Included hiding behind trees or fences, striking quickly and then hiding in the forests and never fighting in formation.
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•Hessians
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hired German mercenary soldiers.
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•Intolerable Acts
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British legislation designed to punish the American colonists after the Boston Tea Party.
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•John Adams
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future 2nd President of the United States; influential member of the Continental Congress, helped to reach the terms of the Treaty of Paris.
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•John Hancock
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President of the Continental Congress. Best known as the first signer of the Declaration of Independence.
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•Loyalist
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colonists who took the British side during the American Revolution.
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•Marquis de Lafayette
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French General who helped to train the Continental Soldiers.
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•Mercy Otis Warren
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playwright who during the Revolution used her talents to promote the Revolutionary ideology by creating propaganda like poems and pamphlets.
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•Musket
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a muzzle loaded gun used in the Revolutionary War by both the Colonial Army and the British Army.
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•Olive Branch Petition
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1775: document issued by the Continental Congress professing American loyalty and advancing one last plea to the King to prevent further hostilities.
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•Patrick Henry
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member of the Continental Congress; Most famously remembered for saying, "Give me liberty, or give me death."
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•Patriot
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name given to people in the colonies who supported and fought for Independence from Britain.
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•Paul Revere
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member and leader in the Sons of Liberty. Was used as a courier during the war and is most remembered for his "midnight ride."
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•Richard Henry Lee
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member of the Continental Congress. He was the first to introduce the congressional act of declaring independence, seconded by John Adams.
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•Samuel Adams
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founder of the Sons of Liberty leading many protests against the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts. He was a member of the Continental Congress and signed the Declaration of Independence.
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•Saratoga Campaign
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1777: fought in upstate New York, it was a victory for the Colonies and persuaded France help defeat Britain.
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•Siege of Yorktown
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1781: last major military campaign of the Revolutionary War; ended in British General Cornwallis' surrender.
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•Thomas Paine
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revolutionary pamphleteer and author of Common Sense.
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•Tories
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Another name for Loyalists.
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•Treaty of Alliance
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1778: between America and France; it stated that neither country would stop fighting until America won its independence.
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•Treaty of Paris
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1783: treaty signed by America, France and Spain that ended the American Revolution.
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•Valley Forge
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1777-1778: located in Philadelphia; this is where the Continental Army spent a harsh winter. Ordeal speaks to the dedication of the Colonial Soldiers.
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John Adams almost became known as a traitor to the Patriot cause for this action?
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Served as the defense attorney for the Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre
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The U.S. Constitution made the Continental Congress an obsolete body. True or False.
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True. It was redundant.
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Under the idea of popular sovereignty, who has the power in government?
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The people
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The American Colonists were taxed more than the people living in Great Britain before the French and Indian War. True or False.
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False. Prior to the French and Indian War the American Colonists were taxed much less than their British counterparts. This was why the British government was so surprised that they did not accept the Navigation Acts.
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Loyalists usually came from the ranks of farmers and artisans, the everyday person. True or False.
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False. Loyalists were usually wealthy, well educated
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A secret organization formed to protest against the Stamp Act was?
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The Sons of Liberty
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What ideologies were presented in the Declaration of Independence?
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popular sovereignty, equality before the law, and natural rights.
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Who was the first to use the name, Boston Massacre, to describe the event?
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Samuel Adams
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What chief led his tribe, the Ottawa, in a bloody rebellion against British soldiers and settlers.
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Pontiac
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Deists believe...
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in the reasoning power of science rather than just faith.
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What was the main objective of the First Continental Congress?
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to address grievances through correspondence with the crown and parliament.
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What was declared at the Second Continental Congress?
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Independence
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Has the largest signature on the Declaration of Independence
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John Hancock
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The Sons of Liberty were formed to protest, primarily, which Revenue Act?
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The Stamp Act
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The Navigation Acts were passed in 1760. True or False.
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False. The Navigation Acts were originally passed in the 1660's but were not truly enforced until 1760.
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Free Blacks chose the side of the Patriots in the Revolutionary War. True or False.
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False. By the time of the Revolutionary War Great Britain had already issued their Emancipation Proclamation, making slavery illegal. Blacks were often found to have strong Loyalist sentiments in the hope that this proclamation would also cover the colonies.
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Why were Quakers were often considered Loyalists?
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They were religious objectors and stayed out of the conflict
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What was comprised of delegates from nine colonies who petitioned Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act?
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The Stamp Act Congress
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Who won the French and Indian War?
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Great Britain
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What was the name for the four colonial wars in North America, 1689-1763, fought between Great Britain and France with Native American nations fighting on both sides?
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The French and Indian Wars
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The Proclamation of 1763 called for...
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a halt to westward expansion beyond the Appalachians.
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What are 3 Revenue Acts?
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Sugar, Stamp, and Townshend Acts
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What year were the Navigation Acts?
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1660s
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What year was the Proclamation of 1763?
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1763
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What year was the Sugar Act?
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1764
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What year was the Townshend Act
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1767
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What year was the Stamp Act?
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1765
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What happened to the nine British Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre?
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one was acquitted, six not guilty, and two were branded on their thumbs and went back to the military
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Is Paul Revere's engraving of the Boston Massacre accurate?
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No. Almost everything about Paul Revere's famous engraving of the Boston Massacre is incorrect.
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The Boston Massacre started as a protest over which Parliamentary Act?
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Townshend Act
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What's wrong with Paul Revere's Boston Massacre engraving?
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Paul Revere's famous engraving of the Boston Massacre shows the event happening in the day, when in fact it occurred at night. It also shows the soldiers all lined up in a row with Capt. Preston behind them looking as if he was giving the order to fire. In actuality the soldiers were gathered around the Boston Custom House with Capt. Preston in front of them. There was no order given to fire, the shots were done randomly.
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Who was appalled by the destruction of personal property at the Boston Tea Party?
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Benjamin Franklin
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Who was the British appointed Massachusetts Governor during the Boston Tea Party?
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Thomas Hutchinson
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Who wrote a rebuttal to the Declaration of Independence?
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Thomas Hutchinson, he published it anonymously
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Author of "Common Sense"
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Thomas Paine
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Wrote the Declaration of Independence
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Thomas Jefferson
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Appointed General of the Colonial Army
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George Washington
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British philosopher who's writing influenced early American Leaders.
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John Locke
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More than 150,000 copies of this pamphlet circulated the colonies and inspired Patriots to break ties with Great Britain.
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Common Sense
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The writing of "Common Sense" was considered as what kind of action?
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Treason
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The federal legislature of the Colonies during the American Revolution was...
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The Continental Congress
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John Locke believed in the "divine right" of the King. True or False.
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False. Locke rejected the claim that kings and queens had a "divine right" to rule others. Instead, governments were created among naturally free people as social compacts or contracts.
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those rights given to a person by their creator, including "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" are ...
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Natural Rights
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John Adams almost became known as a traitor to the Patriot cause for this action?
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Served as the defense attorney for the Soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre
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Has the largest signature on the Declaration of Independence
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John Hancock
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Was one of the first to use the name, Boston Massacre, to describe the event.
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Samuel Adams
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Richard Henry Lee is most notably famous for
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Saying "Give me liberty or give me death."
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Who did the British deport from America after the French and Indian War
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French settlers
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How did The British introduced smallpox to the Native Americans?
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smallpox infected blankets
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The quartering act was just one of the acts in the ______ Acts.
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Intolerable
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To boycott means
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to refuse to buy goods
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British colonists openly defied the Proclamation of 1763 and rushed westward past the Appalachian mountains. True or false?
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True... settlers felt they had earned the right to west-ward expand by risking their lives in the new country.
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Which of the following items was not taxed in the Townshend Acts? Glass lead sugar silk?
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Sugar!
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Which of the following acts was ultimately repealed by Parliament? Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Townshend Act?
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All of them.
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The Boston Massacre started as a protest over which Parliamentary Act?
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Townshend Act
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Any act with an intention to overthrow the recognized governments or harm the head of state is known as
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Treason
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Who defied French King, Louis XVI's, orders and used his own money to join the American colonists?
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Marquis de Lafayette
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Did the Colonial or the Royal Army have more troops?
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Royal Army
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Who taught the colonists guerilla tactics?
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Native Americans
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Were loyalists usually farmers and artisans, everyday people?
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No
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About how many colonists were loyalists?
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1/3
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Free Blacks chose the side of the Patriots in the Revolutionary War.
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nO
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The Olive Branch petition was issued by the British Parliament in an attempt to end the tensions leading up to the Revolutionary War.
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False
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What was the first major battle of the American Revolution?
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Lexington and Concord
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British General Cornwallis surrendered at which Revolutionary Battle?
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Yorktown
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Which battle was the first American Victory in the Revolutionary War?
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Saratoga
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He helped in negotiating the Treaty of Paris ending the Revolutionary War.
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John Adams
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From Virginia, a strong supporter for creating a colonial militia.
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Patrick Henry
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Which founding father did not sign the US Constitution?
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George Mason
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Planned the Boston Tea Party Samuel Adams
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Samuel Adams
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Dress as Indians and threw tea in sea
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Sons of Liberty
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Laws to punish Boston for the tea party
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Intolerable Acts
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