question

The study of the spatial arrangement of roads, buildings, and other features constructed by the people who inhabit an area is the study of

answer

settlement forms

question

Architecture and style in the cultural landscape are of minor importance to human geographers

answer

False.

question

It is believed that a certain plant was domesticated in two different parts of the world, at two different times, by two cultures that never had contact with each other. The domestication of this plant can be considered a case of:

answer

Independent Invention

question

People must perceive some advantage before they adopt an innovation

answer

True

question

Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) stores now exist in Shanghai, China's largest city, and Beijing, its second major city. Soon, other KFC stores will open in other Chinese cities and towns that are smaller in size in a decreasing order. What type of diffusion does this process illustrate?

answer

Hierarchal

question

The word space is employed mostly by those who build models, while the word place is used mostly by those with a more humanistic view of geography

answer

True

question

The study of the human mosaic is organized around these five geographical concepts or themes

answer

region, mobility, globalization, nature-culture, and cultural landscape

question

The school of thought that emphasizes a culture's mental images of nature—whether accurate or inaccurate—is the school of

answer

environmental perception

question

Which school of thought played a large role in colonialism and the subjugation of native peoples?

answer

environmental determinism

question

The school of thought asserting that the physical environment is the dominant force shaping cultures, and that humankind is essentially a passive product of its physical surroundings, is:

answer

environmental determinism

question

Which of the following is not a school of thought that analyzes the relationships and interactions between humans and the land?

answer

contagious diffusion of ecology

question

Which of the following does NOT represent a formal region?

answer

a region showing the readership of a particular magazine

question

The pattern of church attendance and the distribution area of a first-run film are:

answer

functional regions

question

Formal regions typically exhibit:

answer

a core-periphery pattern

question

The hallmark of a formal region is cultural:

answer

homogeneity

question

Which is NOT a type of region recognized by human geographers?

answer

Continental Region

question

In order to investigate the spatial pattern of wheat production in the world, a geographer would investigate:

answer

1) climate and soil characteristics 2) available technology 3) cultural preferences 4) food taboos 5) government policies

question

Which of the following is not essential to the understanding of a culture?

answer

its key theorists

question

We would not need geography if:

answer

every place on earth were identical

question

Which of the following is not an example of an early global encounter?

answer

the spurring of revolution in the Muslim countries of North Africa via the Internet

question

A typical dispersed settlement form would be a city.

answer

False.

question

The people of Siberia domesticated reindeer after learning about cattle being domesticated by people to their south. This is an example of which type of diffusion?

answer

Stimulus

question

Which of the following is NOT a type of expansion diffusion?

answer

Relocation

question

It is believed that a certain plant was domesticated in two different parts of the world, at two different times, by two cultures that never had contact with each other. The domestication of this plant can be considered a case of:

answer

Independent invention

question

Most models often conform precisely to reality.

answer

False.

question

The concern for the practical aspects of geography first arose among the ancient Greeks and Romans.

answer

True.

question

Learned collective human behavior is known as:

answer

Culture

question

Geographers seek an integrated, holistic view of humankind.

answer

True

question

The term globalization includes not only a set of causes but also a set of effects and the relationships among them.

answer

True

question

Each state within the United States, and each state within Canada, can be considered a:

answer

Functional Region

question

Vernacular regions, like most regions, generally lack sharp borders.

answer

True.

question

Which statement is NOT true of functional regions?

answer

Their interpretation varies wildly.

question

A region inhabited by people who have one or more traits in common is a:

answer

Formal Region

question

Within a formal region, the cultural traits tend to be strongest:

answer

at the core.

question

Most possibilists believe that the higher the technological level of a culture, the stronger the influences of the physical environment.

answer

False.

question

Environmental determinism was followed by possibilism as the focus of the discipline of geography in the early to mid-twentieth century.

answer

True.

question

Environmental determinism overemphasizes the role of the environment in human affairs.

answer

True.

question

The opposite of environmental determinism is:

answer

humans as modifiers of the earth

question

Architecture and style in the cultural landscape are of minor importance to human geographers.

answer

False.

question

The built forms that human societies created in inhabiting the Earth are part of:

answer

Cultural Landscape

question

A functional region is culturally homogeneous.

answer

False.

question

A region that is perceived to exist by its inhabitants is a:

answer

vernacular region

question

Texas, New Hampshire, and Illinois are all examples of:

answer

Functional Regions

question

Because cultures overlap and mix, formal region boundaries are often:

answer

fuzzy

question

The word geography comes from a Greek word meaning:

answer

to describe the land

question

Agricultural patterns are based, in part, on cultural preferences.

answer

True.

question

Globalization is a key shaper of culture and is in turn shaped by it.

answer

True.

question

Cultures are rarely homogeneous.

answer

True

question

The migration of Europeans into the Western Hemisphere included those people introducing Christianity into the Americas, thereby illustrating the process of this type of diffusion.

answer

Relocation

question

Diseases such as HIV/AIDS often spread through:

answer

contagious diffusion

question

The spread of people, ideas, or things from one location to other locations where these items are not initially found is:

answer

Diffusion

question

The school of thought that holds that humans mold nature is:

answer

humans as modifiers of the earth

question

The magnitude and speed of environmental alteration are controlled by:

answer

access to energy and technology

question

A topic commonly studied by those who view nature-culture interactions through the lens of environmental perception is:

answer

natural hazards

question

Which would NOT be studied by physical geography?

answer

Government

question

Cultures are always internally homogeneous because individual humans never think in exactly the same manner.

answer

False.

question

A geographer who uses artificial situations in an attempt to isolate causes is building a:

answer

model

question

The cultural landscape offers possibilities for subjective, artistic impression as well as objective, scholarly analysis.

answer

True.

question

Sushi originated in Japan, but today it is served in restaurants in many countries. This illustrates the concept of:

answer

Hierarchical Diffusion

question

________ invention occurs when the same or very similar innovation is separately developed at different places by different peoples.

answer

Independent

question

Jews who were expelled from Spain brought their religious beliefs and practices to the new areas in which they settled. This is a case of:

answer

Relocation Diffusion

question

Which type of region is organized to operate politically, socially, or economically as one unit?

answer

Functional Region

question

Cultural ecology studies the interaction between culture and

answer

environment.

question

A territorially bounded system consisting of interacting organic and inorganic components is a(n):

answer

ecosystem

question

On the tropical rainforest island of Borneo, some tribes practice slash-and-burn agriculture, while other tribes have chosen to be fishers. This exemplifies:

answer

possibilism

question

Which areas tend to be most nucleated?

answer

Urban areas

question

Which cultural assumption is NOT built into the typical American or Canadian house?

answer

the idea that multiple families should live and work together

question

Formal regions are defined by border zones rather than sharp edges.

answer

True.

question

In a certain part of the United States, the practice of feng shui gathers adherents in the major cities, jumping from one city to another while bypassing the suburbs and rural areas. In this case, feng shui has demonstrated:

answer

hierarchical diffusion

question

Televisions, videocassette recorders, and videotapes were not permitted in Afghanistan during the regime of the Taliban. This is an example of

answer

an absorbing barrier to diffusion

question

The word geography means:

answer

earth description

question

Ultimately, agricultural patterns cannot be explained by the characteristics of the land and climate alone.

answer

true

question

Which statement is NOT true of the cultural landscape?

answer

Its physical form is similar from region to region and from country to country.

question

Centrality and dominance of Catholicism in medieval Europe was symbolized by the height of:

answer

Cathedrals

question

A good example of a functional node is your state capital.

answer

True

question

People who move back and forth between their home nation and the one to which they have migrated are known as:

answer

transnational migrants

question

The term used to identify mobility as an ongoing set of movements is:

answer

circulation

question

Globalization is solely a modern phenomenon.

answer

False

question

The term used to describe the highly localized knowledge about environmental conditions and sustainable land-use practices is:

answer

indigenous technical knowledge

question

Which of the following was NOT a conclusion reached by Diane Rocheleau in her studies of agroforestry in East Africa and the Dominican Republic?

answer

Because men are the primary landowners and workers, women are expected to work more within the province of the home, and to gather water from local sources.

question

Which is NOT a characteristic of the Ontario farmhouse?

answer

Kitchen housed in a separate outbuilding

question

In eastern and southern Africa, most homesteads take the form of a:

answer

Kraal

question

The folk houses of Québec are commonly made of:

answer

Stone

question

Which is NOT a typical feature of the African kraal?

answer

an outbuilding for recieving visitors

question

All of the following parts of the United States are known for their gentleman farms EXCEPT:

answer

the Green and White Mountains of New Hampshire and Vermont

question

A good example of an elitist landscape is:

answer

beverly hills, california

question

Which country has had to suppress references goods made within its borders, due to the international disapproval of its apartheid system?

answer

South Africa

question

The geographic pattern of the presence of blowguns demonstrates that they:

answer

1) originated in Borneo 2) might exist elsewhere because of independent invention

question

Which of the following forms of music did NOT have difficulty breaking out nationally from regional footholds?

answer

Rock and Roll

question

According to Zelinsky, which state would NOT be considered part of "the West" as a vernacular culture region in the United States?

answer

Missouri

question

Most members of the "Gray Power" subculture belong to which class?

answer

upper middle

question

According to Zelinsky, no regional affiliation is perceived in:

answer

new York

question

The term placelessness was coined by:

answer

Edward Relph

question

Which term refers to the generic quality of popular culture, which makes one place seem very much like another?

answer

Placelessness

question

You are walking in rural America and decide to visit a roadside cemetery. Many of the headstones are inscribed with "winged death's heads." You must be in this folk region.

answer

yankee

question

Some Americans have begun avoiding products produced in China, because they consider them cheaply made and sometimes even dangerous. They focus on purchasing items made in the United States instead, to support domestic companies. This is a case of:

answer

Consumer Nationalism

question

According to the convergence hypothesis, people and places are:

answer

becoming more alike

question

Which of these is NOT associated with globalization?

answer

dogtrot houses

question

Which is a characteristic of the Quebec French folk region?

answer

Grist windmills

question

Which part of the United States is home to the fewest fast-food restaurants?

answer

the northeast

question

Which of the following is not true of vernacular culture regions?

answer

they have strongly defined borders

question

Michael Weiss has argued that Americans can be classified according to their:

answer

zip codes

question

What did Zelinsky use to draw the boundaries of U.S. vernacular culture regions?

answer

Business names

question

The diffusion of the American rodeo hit barriers:

answer

at the mexican border

question

This country banned television to keep out "corrupting influences."

answer

Afganistan

question

The adaptive strategies pursued by people living in popular cultures have enormous potential for producing:

answer

unsustainable and disastrous conditions

question

Paul Richards studied indigenous technical knowledge in:

answer

west africa

question

The ultimate effect of the convergence hypothesis would be:

answer

placelessness

question

According to Peter Jackson, cultural practices rooted in place shape the effects of globalization through all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

placelessness

question

The theory that cultures are becoming more alike as a result of globalization trends is the ____________________.

answer

convergence hypothesis

question

According to David Lowenthal, which of the following is NOT one of the main characteristics of the popular landscape of the United States?

answer

the preeminence of form over function

question

A shotgun house is best described as:

answer

long and narrow

question

Which is NOT a feature of the gentleman farm of the American Kentucky Bluegrass Basin?

answer

a remote location in the deep suburbs or rural area

question

Why are traditional/folk Yankee houses so large?

answer

Cold New England winters forced much work to be done indoors.

question

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding indigenous ecology?

answer

In most cases, indigenous farming practices provide higher crop yields than "modern" farming practices.

question

A folk house that is of half-timbered construction and has a central chimney and built-in porch is the Acadian:

answer

creole cottage

question

The French Riviera is best described as a(n):

answer

elitist landscape

question

A log home consisting of two rooms connected by an open-air passageway is a:

answer

dogtrot

question

Which of these is NOT a leisure landscape?

answer

the french riviera

question

The most potent device for the diffusion of popular culture today is:

answer

advertising

question

Which type of diffusion best describes the spread of Walmart across the United States?

answer

contagious

question

Placelessness is more important than regionalism in describing popular culture landscapes.

answer

False

question

The place images created in the popular imagination by photographers are not necessarily accurate portrayals of life and/or culture in those places.

answer

True

question

The presence of ________________________ in a downtown area may contribute to a sense of placelessness.

answer

Walmart and McDonald's

question

The Mayan culture region is found in all of the following modern countries EXCEPT:

answer

Argentina

question

Which of the following is not a U.S. subculture identified by Michael Weiss?

answer

Conspicuous Consumers

question

Which two U.S. states do not host any folk survival regions?

answer

Wisconsin and Minnesota

question

Which of the following tends NOT to be characterized by sparse populations?

answer

Midlatitudes

question

All of the following tend to be environmental characteristics of sparsely populated areas EXCEPT

answer

high soil fertility

question

The most desirable environmental traits that serve as stimulants for American migration include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

low population density

question

The capital cities of many tropical and subtropical countries are often found:

answer

At higher elevations

question

The development of the steam engine caused a population shift toward what kinds of places?

answer

coal-rich areas

question

To which factor is refugee movement NOT related?

answer

high levels of economic development

question

The most important factor prompting voluntary migration is:

answer

economic

question

Globalization is most associated with which kind of migration?

answer

labor

question

Refugees are best classified as:

answer

involuntary migrants

question

It is likely that Homo sapiens evolved in:

answer

Africa

question

Which of the following is NOT a nonrenewable resource?

answer

forests

question

China's current total fertility rate (TFR) is approximately:

answer

1.5

question

The people who believe that Earth will someday be unable to produce enough food to feed all of its people are called:

answer

Malthusians

question

The population explosion was triggered primarily by:

answer

a steep decline in the death rate for infants and children

question

One country to have successfully reduced population growth through drastic government intervention is:

answer

China

question

Which of the following is not a common cause of rapid depopulation?

answer

declining fertility rates

question

Which of the following is NOT part of a traditional farmstead?

answer

fields

question

The best term to describe Los Altos de Cazucá is:

answer

shantytown

question

A wet-point village is clustered around:

answer

a well or oasis

question

Farm villages are common everywhere EXCEPT:

answer

the USA

question

The man who predicted that Earth's population would eventually outstrip Earth's ability to feed and support its people was:

answer

Thomas Malthus

question

Suppose that a country's natural annual growth rate is 1.7. Approximately how many years will it take for that country's population to double?

answer

42

question

Which is NOT a punishment faced by Chinese people who have more than one child?

answer

Imprisonment

question

Which of the following was NOT a case of forced migration prior to the twentieth century?

answer

flight of the Taliban into Pakistan from American-controlled territory

question

The "Empty Quarter" is found:

answer

in the Arabian Peninsula

question

Cholera spread from its point of origin through:

answer

relocation diffusion

question

Early human groups moved primarily in response to:

answer

the migration of the animals they hunted

question

Two states in which desirable environmental traits have attracted a significant number of interregional migrants are:

answer

Florida and Arizona

question

Which factor best explains the sparse human populations on the northern edges of Eurasia and North America?

answer

Climate

question

In the Alps, the people who tend to live on the sunny side of the slopes are likely to speak:

answer

Italian

question

The most common form of agricultural settlement in Europe is the:

answer

farm village

question

The population of the Los Altos de Cazucá neighborhood of Bogotá, Colombia, has grown primarily as a result of:

answer

armed conflict in the countryside

question

Most of the spatial expansion of Latin American cities is a result of:

answer

the rise of shantytowns

question

A strong-point settlement is located:

answer

on a site that is easily defended

question

Isolated farmsteads are most common in:

answer

Australia and New Zealand

question

Sometimes when a person is standing in front of you and talking to you, you feel the need to back away. When you step back, the other person steps forward. You keep jockeying for a comfortable distance to continue the conversation. This illustrates:

answer

Personal Space

question

Which of the following is NOT a condition favoring dispersed settlement?

answer

need for defense

question

Geodemography is the study of:

answer

Population

question

The term population explosion usually refers to the dramatic increase in world population since:

answer

1900

question

Of all the members of Homo sapiens who have lived on Earth, approximately ________are alive today.

answer

10%

question

The maximum number of people that can be supported in a given area, without environmental damage, is known as:

answer

carrying capacity

question

People live in greater population concentrations:

answer

along coasts

question

The best estimate of the number of refugees today is:

answer

16 million

question

The cholera that diffused throughout Europe in the 1800s had its origin in:

answer

India

question

Migration is considered to be the purest form of this type of diffusion:

answer

relocation

question

Which of the following is NOT a major factor influencing a country's population?

answer

gender ratio

question

Which of the following is NOT studied by demographers?

answer

architecture

question

For nearly a millennium, the world's wealthiest, most powerful, and most populous city was:

answer

Rome

question

Which of the following is NOT true of shantytowns?

answer

they both rise and disappear quickly

question

Which language was spread by the Trans-Siberian Railroad?

answer

Russian

question

The French language persists in all of the following areas EXCEPT:

answer

the Phillipines

question

The only logographic language is:

answer

chinese

question

Khoisan, Dravidian, and Inuktitut are all examples of:

answer

remnant languages

question

A writing system in which letters represent discrete sounds that must be strung together to form a word's complete sound is a(n) ___________________ writing system.

answer

alphabetic

question

Over which area did China NOT exert control during the Tang Dynasty (A.D. 618-907)?

answer

Japan

question

Most of the world's nearly extinct languages are spoken in:

answer

the Americas and the Pacific

question

The single most common variable by which different cultural groups are identified and by which they assert their unique identity is:

answer

language

question

Which of the following does NOT include a generic place-name segment?

answer

Charlotte

question

In what part of the United States are generic toponyms using "Gap" or "Hollow" often found?

answer

the Midlands

question

Bantu and its related languages began spreading about 4000 years ago from the country that is today known as:

answer

Nigeria

question

Into what language family does Han Chinese fall?

answer

Sino-Tibetian

question

A formerly "dead" language revised for use in the twentieth century is:

answer

Hebrew

question

About how many languages are spoken in the world today?

answer

6 thousand

question

Hebrew is the national language of Israel, which has what kind of linguistic landscape?

answer

Polyglot

question

The Semitic languages are spoken mostly in:

answer

the Middle East

question

In which countries are Hamitic languages spoken today?

answer

Morocco and Algeria

question

Gaelic and Castilian:

answer

contain many words to describe mountainous terrain

question

Which of the following is a good example of a linguistic refuge area?

answer

Caucasus Mountains

question

English is particularly abundant in words describing:

answer

wetlands and flowing streams

question

Which emoticon do Chinese use to convey sadness ?

answer

555

question

Which of the following is NOT a language hotspot?

answer

Southern Africa

question

Which is NOT a remnant language?

answer

Amharic

question

The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 awarded the eastern part of South America to:

answer

Portugal

question

In French the word for three is "trois," in Romanian it is "trei," in Sanskrit it is "travas," and in Welsh it is "tri." This indicates that these languages are:

answer

derived from a common ancestor

question

After Mandarin, the world's most widely spoken language is:

answer

Hindi

question

Into what language family does English fall?

answer

Indo-European

question

Suppose that speakers of languages A, B, and C live close to one another and come into contact fairly regularly. A fourth language, D, takes elements from A, B, and C to facilitate communication among the groups. D might be considered a:

answer

pidgin language

question

In bilingual societies, there is no need for:

answer

a lingua franca

question

In what part of the United States are generic toponyms using "Bayou" or "Gully" often found?

answer

the south

question

In which region of Spain did Spanish originate?

answer

Castile

question

The fact that there are more than 20 Spanish words describing mountains and hills illustrates:

answer

the influence of topography in traditional Spanish culture

question

Which of the following is least likely to be found in a linguistic refuge area?

answer

Major trade routes

question

Which of the following statements regarding language is NOT correct?

answer

Dialects are mutually unintelligable

question

Into what type of language can a pidgin language evolve as it acquires more words and speakers?

answer

Creole

question

a language family is:

answer

a group of languages that spring from a common ancestor

question

Africa, south of the Sahara, is dominated by which language family?

answer

Niger-Congo

question

Consider the following text message: "What do u want 2 do 2night?" The use of "2" in this message is an example of:

answer

Rebus writing

question

The de facto language of globalization is:

answer

English

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary hearth areas of the invention of writing?

answer

Mongolia

question

English and French are spoken in many parts of Africa because:

answer

of imperialism and colonialism

question

A synonym for place-name is:

answer

toponym

question

In what part of the United States are generic toponyms such as "Corners" or "Center" often found?

answer

new England

question

The customary behaviors associated with a culture's food preparation and consumption are its:

answer

Foodways

question

The prominent ethnic flag of the Vietnamese in the Versailles neighborhood of New Orleans is:

answer

vegetable gardens

question

Which color is venerated by the Chinese?

answer

Red

question

Which of the following does NOT affect definitions of race and ethnicity?

answer

biological genus and species definitions

question

Which factor does NOT play a role in a person's understanding of his or her race and ethnicity?

answer

his or her racial classification by the united nations

question

The one-drop rule was designed to prevent:

answer

intermarriage between races

question

The best synonym for the traditional idea of the "melting pot" is:

answer

assimilation

question

What occurs when an ethnic minority adopts enough of the ways of the host country to be able to function economically and socially?

answer

acculturation

question

Which of the following is NOT a type of ethnic culture region?

answer

suburb

question

In which city is more than 80% of the population foreign-born?

answer

Dubai

question

Which of the following associations of homelands and regions is NOT correct?

answer

Ramapo- North Carolina

question

Which Canadian city has the highest percentage of foreign-born people?

answer

Toronto

question

In the United States, the term _______________ is used to describe a poor African-American neighborhood, while the term _____________ is used to describe a poor Latino neighborhood.

answer

Ghetto; Barrio

question

An ethnic substrate occurs as a result of:

answer

assimilation

question

The Tejano ethnic homeland is found in:

answer

Texas

question

The great ethnic diversity of the Caucasus has been maintained in large part by which element of the natural environment?

answer

mountains

question

Cultural preadaptation is most likely when migrants:

answer

move to a place environmentally similar to the one they left behind

question

The mountain range that runs along South America's Pacific coast is the:

answer

Andes

question

After 20 years of living in the Philippines, a group of Han Chinese relocate back to China. This is an example of:

answer

Return migration

question

Immigrant groups never introduce their whole culture overseas; instead, they engage in what Harris has called:

answer

simplification

question

Ethnic cleansing often leads to:

answer

involuntary migration

question

Most of the world's ethnic patterns are the result of:

answer

relocation diffusion

question

Which of the following statements about race and ethnicity is CORRECT?

answer

Race refers to genetically significant differences between populations, for example susceptibility to certain diseases, while ethnicity refers to people of common ancestry and cultural traditions.

question

Which of the following is NOT a common method of joining an ethnic group?

answer

friendship

question

Which of the following is an example of racism?

answer

The Aryans believed that they were a superior race and that all other races were inferior to them.

question

Which factor is particularly effective in encouraging assimilation?

answer

Intermarriage

question

According to A. Sivanandan, what is the "new black"?

answer

POVERTY

question

Which of the following occurs in the largest numbers?

answer

Ethnic islands

question

The largest concentration of black people in the United States is found in:

answer

gary, indiana

question

Which is NOT true of ethnic islands?

answer

The size of an ethnic island makes it impervious to acculturation.

question

The neighborhoods created by ethnic migrants tend to be:

answer

Transitory

question

During the urbanization and industrialization of North America, urban ethnic immigrants tended to:

answer

cluster together in residential neighborhoods

question

An ethnic neighborhood is what type of community?

answer

voluntary

question

Ethnic neighborhoods in the northern United States and Canada became common around:

answer

1840

question

Which is an example of environmental racism on a global scale?

answer

France sends its nuclear waste to Russia

question

Sawmill gravy and cat head biscuits are foodways of which culture?

answer

Appalachian

question

Due to the influx of non-Cuban immigrants into Miami today, some have suggested changing the Little Havana neighborhood's name to:

answer

the Latin Quarter

question

The Paris basin, shielded as it was by the Alps, Pyrenees, Ardennes, and Jura along France's borders, exemplifies the concept of a:

answer

Folk Fortress

question

Which of the following is NOT true of Mackinder's heartland theory?

answer

it is based on environmental possibilism

question

In the United States, the clean air movement began in:

answer

California

question

The modern territorial state based on the European experience diffused around the globe through Western:

answer

Colonialism

question

Nativist movements seek to diminish or end:

answer

immigration into the native inhabitants' country

question

All of the following multinational states have fragmented into multiple nation-states EXCEPT:

answer

India

question

Which work of German national infrastructure was encouraged by Hitler and served as a symbol of national unity and power?

answer

the Autobahns

question

The Rio Grande and Pyrenees are examples of:

answer

natural boundaries

question

National governance is easier when a country is:

answer

compact

question

Which country comes closest to the "ideal" hexagonal configuration of a national territory?

answer

Brazil

question

National languages, national museums, and national monuments are all:

answer

Centripetal forces

question

In Nigeria, the north is primarily:

answer

Muslim

question

The Gambia is an example of a(n):

answer

pene-enclave

question

Which factor does NOT pose a governance problem in multi-island countries?

answer

different monetary systems

question

Which buffer state lies between India and China?

answer

Nepal

question

Lesotho is a country totally surrounded by South Africa. What type of political entity is Lesotho?

answer

Enclave

question

The first new sovereign state of the twenty-first century is:

answer

Timor-Leste

question

Which term reflects the need to belong to a larger group that controls its own piece of the Earth?

answer

territoriality

question

Which buffer state lies between Russia and China?

answer

Mongolia

question

When geographers devise formal culture regions based on voting patterns, they are practicing:

answer

electoral geography

question

A country's most important district, housing the capital and the cultural and economic heart of the nation, is known as the:

answer

core area

question

Which country does NOT have a political core area from which it grew?

answer

belgium

question

The region of Russia that now has its own elected president, parliament, and constitution is:

answer

the Sakha republic

question

Which country does NOT control Kurdish lands?

answer

Azerbaijan

question

What term did Piers Blaikie and Harold Brookfield coin as part of their work in political ecology?

answer

Chain of explanation

question

Many countries consider ____________ as the logical limits of their territorial growth.

answer

Coastlines

question

Mount Rushmore and the Statue of Liberty are symbols of:

answer

natural iconography

question

An example of a supranational organization that took the form of a regional trading bloc is:

answer

NAFTA

question

The Auschwitz-Birkenau Nazi death camp is located in:

answer

Poland

question

Which state shape is considered the easiest to govern?

answer

compact

question

Algeria, Tunisia, and Egypt are all members of:

answer

The Arab League

question

Which country is NOT a federal state?

answer

China

question

A system where power is concentrated centrally, with little or no provincial authority, is described as:

answer

Unitary

question

Factors that promote national unity and solidarity are known as:

answer

Centripetal forces

question

In the modern international system, states recognize one another's:

answer

sovereignity

question

Prior to independence, Bangladesh was an exclave of:

answer

Pakistan

question

Native American reservations in the United States are best described as:

answer

semiautonomous enclaves

question

When a buffer state is taken over by a neighboring country, the buffer state becomes a(n):

answer

satellite state

question

What kind of region is the voting district or precinct?

answer

functional regions

question

"Red states" generally have _____________ political beliefs, while "blue states" generally have _____________ political beliefs.

answer

conservative, liberal

question

Which of the following is NOT true of the European Union?

answer

its member countries have all adopted the euro

question

In Canada, the people of Québec have a sense of unity based on their common French heritage and unique cultural development, and many Francophones desire separation from Canada. What kind of undermining condition against the integrity of Canada is this?

answer

centrifugal force

question

The border that divides India from predominantly Islamic Pakistan is a good example of a(n):

answer

ethnographic boundary

question

Which of the following is NOT a federal state?

answer

France

question

Prior to 1971, what type of political geography relationship did Bangladesh have with Pakistan?

answer

Exclave

question

Russia adopted a more federalist structure to respond in a positive way to the ethnic minorities remaining within it after the breakup of the Soviet Union. In which area has this decision NOT been effective?

answer

Chechnya

question

What is the biggest political threat in a country with competing core areas?

answer

the establishment of core secessionist movements

question

Algeria was once a colony of:

answer

France

question

The U.S. township and range system was the brainchild of:

answer

Thomas Jefferson

question

Before modern air and missile warfare, natural strongholds (for example, those protected by mountain ranges or deserts) were called:

answer

folk fortresses

question

The world's fastest-growing religion today is:

answer

Islam

question

In which religious hearth did Judaism originate?

answer

Semitic

question

The worker caste in India is the:

answer

Shudras

question

The faith that attempts to unify Hinduism and Islam is:

answer

Sikhism

question

The most widespread religion in Bali is:

answer

Hinduism

question

The Christians who live in India's Kerala state are the:

answer

Nestorians

question

Which of the following faiths is monotheistic and follows a holy book called the Adi Granth?

answer

Sikhism

question

Which statement is true of Jainism and Buddhism?

answer

Both were derived from Hinduism

question

The warrior caste in India is the:

answer

Vaishyas

question

The religion centered in the Punjab state of India is:

answer

Sikhism

question

The Jews who settled in central and eastern Europe are known as the:

answer

Ashkenazim

question

The two key concepts of Buddhism are:

answer

suffering and desire

question

Which is NOT true of animism?

answer

it is usually practiced as an ethnic religion

question

Which religious people have traditionally cremated their dead?

answer

Hindus

question

The tall circular towers from which Muslims are called to prayer are:

answer

Minarets

question

A religion that combines elements of two or more different belief systems is:

answer

syncretic

question

Which is NOT true of proselytizing religions?

answer

they are polytheistic

question

Which area has the highest number of converts to Protestantism as a result of discontentment with Roman Catholicism?

answer

Latin America

question

Which of the following best expresses the goal of feng shui?

answer

the balance of opposing forces in a built environment

question

Environmental influence is most readily apparent in:

answer

animistic faiths

question

The faith that spread from its hearth in the Middle East in a predominantly militaristic manner was:

answer

islam

question

Pilgrimage sites fall into all of the following categories EXCEPT:

answer

places where early adherents were martyred

question

Environmental influence is most readily apparent in:

answer

Animistic faiths

question

According to the Maori of New Zealand, which is NOT one of the six aspects of creation?

answer

fire/volcanoes

question

The type of religion that emphasizes purity of faith and is not open to blending with elements of other belief systems is:

answer

orthodox

question

Judaism is an example of a(n):

answer

ethnic religion

question

The Taj Mahal is best classified as a:

answer

tomb

question

The site of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is considered most sacred by:

answer

Muslims and Jews

question

In some parts of the world, especially in much of Europe, religion has declined, giving way to:

answer

secularization

question

The variation of Buddhism that prevails in Tibet and Mongolia is:

answer

Lamaism

question

The variation of Buddhism that prevails in Sri Lanka is:

answer

Theravada

question

The U.S. Northeast is a stronghold of:

answer

Catholics

question

Which is NOT one of the three jewels of Tao?

answer

generosity

question

The force that balances and orders the universe is the:

answer

Tao

question

Which Hindu belief holds that what an individual experiences in this life is a direct result of his or her actions in a previous life?

answer

Karma

question

In which nations are Shiite Muslims the majority?

answer

Iran and Iraq

question

Hinduism and Buddhism originated in the lowlands of these rivers:

answer

Indus and Ganges

question

Early Christianity diffused as a result of all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

reverse migration

question

Which sainted figure in Christianity bridged the cultures of the Spanish and the Mexican following Cortés's conquest of Mexico in the 1500s?

answer

The Virgin of Guadalupe

question

An example of a syncretic faith existing in the Americas that claims millions of followers in South America is:

answer

Umbanda in Brazil

question

All of the following statements about Christianity are correct EXCEPT:

answer

its division is only twofold

question

A causal law that holds that what an individual experiences in this life is a direct result of his or her thoughts and deeds in a past life is known as:

answer

Karma

question

Those Jews who lived in Spain and Portugal until 1492 are known as the:

answer

Sephardim

question

The world's largest religion, in terms of area covered and number of adherents, is:

answer

Christianity

question

Islamic law is known as:

answer

Sharia

question

Shia and Sunni are:

answer

Islamic subgroups

question

In which country is the largest percentage of the population Muslim?

answer

Indonesia

question

The Jews who settled in Iberia are known as the:

answer

Sephardim

question

Which of the following is NOT a reasonable explanation for the refusal by many Indians to eat beef?

answer

Because Ganesha, the god of wisdom and education, is represented as a cow, people are afraid of angering the Cow God

question

Early Christian thinkers believed that:

answer

Earth was created for humans

question

The religious people that have traditionally left their dead exposed to be devoured by vultures is:

answer

Zoroastrians

question

This building is the most imposing religious structure on the Islamic landscape.

answer

Mosque

question

According to Deryck Lodrick, which doctrine has led to the establishment of many animal homes, refuges, and hospitals in northwest India?

answer

ahimsa

question

Which of the following will most of India's population refuse to eat?

answer

Beef

question

What region is home to the world's largest concentration of Catholics?

answer

Latin America

question

The Islamic pillar of pilgrimage is the:

answer

Hajj

question

Buddhism teaches that proper personal conduct and meditation are essential to overcome desire, eliminate life's suffering, and escape to a state of peace called:

answer

Nirvana

question

About how many religious denominations and cults can be found in the United States today?

answer

2000

question

The largest denomination of Christianity in the U.S. Midwest is:

answer

Methodism

question

Which of the following faiths tends to merge with East Asia's native religions, making it very difficult to determine the number of its adherents?

answer

Buddhism

question

Which of the following is not a stronghold of Islam?

answer

the Phillipines

question

The U.S. South is a stronghold of:

answer

baptists

question

Which statement is NOT true of Judaism?

answer

It has evolved from an ethnic religion into a syncretic religion.

question

Mahayana and Theravada are:

answer

schools of thought in buddhism

question

Which is NOT true of Islam?

answer

it is polytheistic

question

Where is the Angkor Wat temple complex located?

answer

Cambodia

question

Which of the following religions is NOT primarily individual- or family-oriented?

answer

Islam

question

Which of the following faiths is more likely to have followers practicing ceremonies and rituals in private households and not in temples?

answer

Hinduism

question

Which is NOT a landscape of the dead?

answer

Lourdes, France

question

Which sacred color often appears on the mosque domes and minarets of Islam?

answer

Green

question

Religions that actively seek new members and aim to convert all humankind are:

answer

Proselytizing

question

A religion identified with a particular national or tribal group that does not seek new converts is:

answer

Ethnic

question

Christianity, Judaism, and Islam have all of the following in common EXCEPT:

answer

proselytizing goals

question

All of the following associations are correct EXCEPT:

answer

Southern baptists in the us northwest

question

The majority of Muslims are:

answer

Sunni

question

Which of the following is NOT a pillar of Islam?

answer

Make one pilgrimage to Jerusalem

question

A focused geographic area where important innovations are born and from which they spread is a:

answer

culture hearth

question

Of the following religions, whose adherents are least likely to embark on pilgrimages?

answer

Buddhists

question

Which U.S. mountain is home to more than 30 New Age cults?

answer

Mount Shasta

question

Studying the role of religion in habitat modification is known as:

answer

ecotheology

question

Which religious group is least likely to have simple houses of worship?

answer

Muslims

question

Religious pilgrimages are significant to all of the following faiths EXCEPT:

answer

Protestantism

question

The relatively structured set of beliefs and practices through which people seek mental and physical harmony with the powers of the universe is:

answer

religion

question

What is the parent religion of Christianity?

answer

Judaism

question

Wicca is a form of:

answer

Animism

question

After Christianity, which religion has the largest number of adherents?

answer

Islam

question

A person who achieves nirvana is known as a(n):

answer

Buddha

question

Rural development in Third World countries is often funded by:

answer

the World bank or International money fund

question

The expansion of European empires in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is strongly related to the expansion of:

answer

tropical plantation agriculture

question

The practice of raising one crop on vast tracts of land is called:

answer

monoculture

question

The refrigeration and transport technologies that allow for the distribution of perishables are collectively known as:

answer

cool chains

question

Which statement is NOT true of agribusiness?

answer

it thrives in communist nations

question

A map indicating property lines and ownership shows what type of pattern?

answer

Cadastral

question

Irregular field patterns in parts of the eastern United States are a consequence of the metes and bounds surveys. Which one of the items below is the key to such surveys?

answer

natural features

question

In Africa and Asia, what percentage of the population is employed in agriculture?

answer

75%

question

Dairy products vary from region to region in North America depending on:

answer

how close the farms are to the markets

question

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of intercropping?

answer

it lowers the amount of taxes farmers must pay

question

In which type of agriculture do farmers primarily grow rice, wheat, or corn for commercial markets?

answer

Grain Farming

question

Which is NOT true of peasant farming?

answer

it benefits from modern fertilizers and technologies

question

Which of the following agricultural activities is NOT characteristic of shifting cultivation?

answer

raising large amounts of livestock

question

Sustainability means land use:

answer

over long periods of time without destruction of the environmental base

question

The high intensity of land use in Western countries comes from massive investments in:

answer

machines, fertilizers, and pesticides

question

Which of the following was NOT a motivating force behind the growth of organic agriculture?

answer

the relatively low prices of food produced by agribusinesses

question

Which is NOT a negative effect of the green revolution?

answer

Crop yields have diminished, leading to more famine and food crises.

question

The domestication of herd animals, such as cattle, pigs, horses, sheep, and goats, seems to have taken place first in:

answer

The fertile crescent and middle east

question

All of the following menu items are composed from significant Native American foods EXCEPT:

answer

lemon pie and coffee

question

Which is NOT a component of the green revolution?

answer

extensification

question

Most vegetables in China come from:

answer

urban farms

question

Suppose Mr. Rich spends six months gambling in Las Vegas. In May, he flies to his wheat ranch in Texas to inspect his wheat harvesters. Then he travels through Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and the Dakotas supervising the harvesting process at his string of properties stretching northward across the Great Plains. Mr. Rich is categorized best as what type of farmer?

answer

suitcase

question

Most of the crops produced by plantations are:

answer

exported to other countries

question

Urban agriculture

answer

produces 90 percent or more of the vegetables consumed in Chinese cities

question

Which country is known for its wool?

answer

New Zealand

question

The olive harvest season in southern Spain starts in:

answer

December

question

The geography of beef production was altered significantly by the rise of:

answer

Mad Cow Disease

question

To which country are most of Spain's olives sent for packaging and export?

answer

italy

question

Across the world, what percentage of the population is employed in agriculture?

answer

40%

question

The mechanism provided by the U.S. federal government to bring contract agricultural workers from Mexico to the United States during periods of peak labor demand is the:

answer

Bracero program

question

Which statement is NOT true of domesticated animals?

answer

The ancestors of today's domesticated animals originated mostly in eastern Asia.

question

Agriculture began with:

answer

the domestication of plants

question

The first domesticated peanuts and yams came from:

answer

Africa

question

The creation of large amounts of arid land as a result of overfarming or overgrazing is called:

answer

desertification

question

Which statement is true of certified organic foods?

answer

They are the most rapidly growing agricultural sector

question

In which region are open fields NOT common?

answer

New Zealand

question

In which type of farm is a farmer's land contained in a single, contiguous piece of property?

answer

Unit-block

question

The potato was domesticated in:

answer

the Andes

question

Which of the following statements about Hispanic, black, and Asian agricultural workers in the United States in the twentieth century is NOT correct?

answer

Migrant workers came almost exclusively from Mexico.

question

Cultural geographer Carl Sauer suggested that plant domestication originated with:

answer

sedentary people in hilly areas of great biodiversity

question

Which of the following is an American domesticate?

answer

Turkey

question

Which region is not home to long lots?

answer

US Midwest

question

The lines laid out by surveyors prior to the settlement of an area are:

answer

survey patterns

question

Which South American country has freed itself of dependence on foreign oil by developing biofuels?

answer

Brazil

question

Which of the following would best determine the level of intensity of agricultural production?

answer

energy inputs and level of productivity

question

The Quichua people make their home in:

answer

the Andes

question

People in Third World countries face starvation primarily as a result of:

answer

political decision

question

Which African nation, ruled by Robert Mugabe, experienced a famine in the early 2000s when the government prohibited commercial farmers from farming?

answer

Zimbabwe

question

The regions in von Thünen's isolated-state model of agricultural distribution and intensity are:

answer

circular

question

All of the following approximate von Thünen's model EXCEPT:

answer

London

question

Which statement about most shifting cultivators is NOT true?

answer

Their unsustainable type of agriculture is ecologically damaging.

question

The Cargill company controls much of the supply in which industry?

answer

Beef

question

All of the following are true of nomadic herders and livestock ranchers EXCEPT:

answer

they raise only sheep and cattle

question

The form of agriculture known for hostilities between workers and managers is:

answer

plantation agriculture

question

Which of the following is NOT true of dairying today?

answer

it is the one form of agriculture not affected by globalization

question

Fragmented land holdings are characteristic of all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

South Africa

question

According to von Thünen's concentric-zone model, which of the following is likely to be located nearest to the market?

answer

Market Gardening

question

The terms of international trade tend to favor:

answer

Wealthy countries

question

Which two crops diffusing from the United States account for the rapid growth of genetically modified (GM) food production?

answer

soybeans and corn

question

Who most likely initiated plant domestication?

answer

women who were in daily contact with wild plants and whose mobility was limited by childbearing

question

Agricultural diffusion includes "analysis of the cultures and indigenous technical knowledge systems in which they are embedded," which means:

answer

people from specific ethnic groups and geographical locations have knowledge of certain plants and agricultural techniques that may give insight into agricultural diffusion

question

Approximately what percentage of the North American population works in the agricultural sector?

answer

2%

question

The first step in swidden cultivation is:

answer

the clearing of land

question

Which is NOT an advantage of swidden agriculture?

answer

It permits increasing yields on the same patch of land with each passing year.

question

Large-scale grain farming is made possible by all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Swidden Cultivation

question

Nomadic herding as a way of life is on the decline for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

answer

nomadic cultures tend to have low fertility rates

question

The tropical savanna region just south of the Sahara Desert is known as the:

answer

Sahel

question

Which central Asian body of water has shrunk drastically as a result of irrigation?

answer

the Aral Sea

question

Which of the following countries is NOT a member of NAFTA?

answer

England

question

All of the following are weight-gaining, bulk-gaining, or perishable products EXCEPT:

answer

Computer Software

question

"Footloose" industries are those that shift manufacturing facilities in search of:

answer

cheaper labor

question

Which statement is NOT true of Rostow's "age of high mass consumption"?

answer

This stage of development is achievable only in nations with democratic political systems.

question

The industries that process raw materials and transform them into usable form are:

answer

secondary industries

question

Which factor is NOT usually taken into account when considering a nation's level of economic development?

answer

level of agricultural production

question

New Lanark, Scotland, is an industrial landscape designed originally as a:

answer

utopian community

question

In the United States, the pattern of uneven development with England ended when:

answer

local (U.S.) entrepreneurs developed technologies to open their own factories

question

In what part of the United States is the traditional American Manufacturing Belt located?

answer

the northeast

question

The roles of master and apprentice were important parts of the ___________________ prior to the industrial revolution.

answer

guild industry

question

The initial breakthrough of the industrial revolution occurred in which industry?

answer

textile

question

The key factor in the diffusion of mining and industry in England was:

answer

the development of railroads

question

All of the following cities are in traditional manufacturing regions EXCEPT:

answer

tulsa

question

Which of the following countries is not in the postindustrial era?

answer

mexico

question

The tendency for industry to develop in a core-periphery pattern, enriching the industrialized core and impoverishing the periphery, is known as:

answer

uneven development

question

The first non-Western nation to undergo full industrialization was:

answer

Japan

question

The greenhouse effect occurs when:

answer

long-wave heat radiation gets trapped near Earth's surface

question

Which of the following statements about the Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) is true?

answer

Population pressure, government policies, and biodiversity are included in the 21 ESI "core indicators.

question

The chief role of the ozone layer is to:

answer

provide protection from solar radiation

question

Which of the following is NOT a source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

answer

refridgerants used in air conditioning systems

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