Human Anatomy Ch.1 – Flashcards
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Anatomy
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The study of structure.
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Physiology
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The scentific discipline that studies the function of the body structures.
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Cytology
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the study of single body cells and their internal structures.
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Histology
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The study of tissues.
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Coronal Plane
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A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
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Transverse Plane
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A plan that cuts perpendicularly along the long axis of the body or organ.
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Midsaggital Plane
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A plane that extends through the body's midline.
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Saggital Plane
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A vertical plane that divides structures into left and right halves.
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Oblique Plane
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A minor plane that passes through the specimen at an angle.
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Anterior
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In front of; toward the surface
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Posterior
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In back of; toward the back surface
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Dorsal
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At the back side of the human body
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Ventral
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At the belly side of the human body
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Superior
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Toward the head or above
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Inferior
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Toward feet not head
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Caudal
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At the rear or tail end
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Cranial
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At the head end
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Medial
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Toward the midline of the body
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Lateral
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Away from the midline of the body
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Deep
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On the inside, underneath another structure
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Superficial
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On the outside
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Proximal
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Closest to point of attachment to trunk
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Distal
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Furthest from point of attachment to trunk
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Axial Region
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Consists of the head, neck, and trunk and forms the main vertical axis of our body
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Appendicular Region
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Term for the limbs that attach to the trunk.
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Cranial cavity
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Formed by the cranium and houses the brain
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Vertebral Canal
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Cavity that is formed by the individual bones of the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord
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Dorsal Cavity
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Cavity that houses the Central Nervous System (Cranial Cavity and Vertebral canal)
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Ventral Cavity
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General Cavity that consists of the Thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity
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Abdominopelvic Cavity
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Cavity that consists of the abdominal and pelvic cavities(Inferior).
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Diaphragm
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A muscular partition that develops between the thracic and abdominopelvic cavities
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Serous Cavity
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The area that lies between the parietal and viseral layers of the serous membrane that contains a lubricating film of serous fluid that is secreted by the cells of the serous membranes.
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Parietal Layer
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The thin layer of a serous membrane that lines the internal surface of the body wall.
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Visceral Layer
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The thin layer of the serous membrane that covers the external surface of organs within the cavity.
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Thoracic Cavity
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The superior body cavity that is contained in the ventral cavity.
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Abdominal
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Region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones
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Antebrachial
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Forearm
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Antecubital
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Region in front of the elbow
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Axillary
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Armpit
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Brachial
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Upper Arm
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Buccal
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Cheek
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Calcaneal
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Heel of the foot
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Carpal
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Wrist
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Cephalic
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Head
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Cervical
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Neck
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Coxal
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Hip
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Cranial
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Skull
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Crural
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Leg
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Deltoid
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Shoulder
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Digital
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Fingers or toes (Also called phalangeal)
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Dorsal
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Back
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Facial
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Face
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Femoral
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Thigh
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Frontal
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Forehead
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Gluteal
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Buttock
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Hallux
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Great toe
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Inguinal
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Groin
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Lumbar
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Loin
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Mammary
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Breast
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Manus
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hand
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Mental
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Chin
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Nasal
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Nose
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Occipital
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Posterior base of the head
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Olecranal
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Posterior of the elbow
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Oral
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Mouth
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Orbital
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Eye
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Palmar
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Palm of the hand
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Patellar
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Kneecap
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Pelvic
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Pelvis
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Perineal
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Region betweenthe anus and teh external reproductive organs
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Pes
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Foot
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Plantar
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Sole of the foot
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Pollex
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Thumb
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Popliteal
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Area posterior to the knee
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Pubic
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Anterior region of the pelvis
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Sacral
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Posterior region between the hip bones
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Scapular
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Shoulder blade
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Sternal
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Middle of the thorax, anteriority
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Sural
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Calf
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Thoracic
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Chest or thorax
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Tarsal
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Ankle
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Umbilical
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Navel
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Vertebral
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Spinal column
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Mediastinum
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The median space in the thoracic cavity that contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels that connect the heart.
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Pericardium
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A two-layered serous membrane that encases the heard.
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Parietal Pericardium
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the outermost layer of the serous membrane that forms a sac around the heart.
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Visceral Pericardium
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The layer of the serous membrane that is actually considered the external surface of the heart.
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Pericardial Cavity
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the potential space between teh parietal and visceral pericardia; it also contains serous fluid
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Pleural Cavity
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The narrow, moist, potential space between the parietal and visceral plurae and is the location of the lubrication serous fluid.
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Pleura
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The two-layered serous membrane that lines the lungs.
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Parital Pleura
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The outer layer of the serous membrane that lines the internal surface of the thoracic wall.
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Visceral Pleura
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the inner layer of the serous membrane that covers the external surface of the lung.
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Peritoneum
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The moist, two-layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity.
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Parietal Peritoneum
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The outer layer of the serous membrane that lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity.
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Visceral Peritoneum
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The inner layer of the serous membrane that ensheathes the external layer of most digestive organs.
