question

1. Because a job analysis includes information about the requirements of someone performing a job, it provides the criteria for evaluating the people who do the work. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

2. A statement of the different duties, tasks, and responsibilities of a job is known as a job specification. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

3. Job specifications describe the duties, tasks, and responsibilities performed on the job and therefore play a key role in performance appraisal. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

4. KSAOs refer to the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other attributes required of a person performing a job. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

5. If the criteria used to hire and evaluate employees are vague and not job-related, employers are less likely to find themselves being accused of discriminating against the members of protected classes. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

6. Requiring a high school diploma, even for a laborer job, is acceptable under the law if the company has a policy that all employees must be high school graduates. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

7. Job analysis is the process of obtaining information about jobs through a process of determining what the duties, tasks, or activities of those jobs are. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

8. Common methods of analyzing jobs include interviews, questionnaires, observation, and diaries. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

9. Employee interviewing is the most accurate method of job analysis because the employee is least likely to exaggerate essential job functions. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

10. Inflating a job's responsibilities can occur unintentionally. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

11. O*Net Online, maintained by the Department of Labor, contains standardized and comprehensive job descriptions. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

12. Critical incident analysis is an organization-specific list of tasks and their descriptions that are used as a basis to identify components of a job. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

13. The critical job tasks identified by the critical incident approach to job analysis include those important behaviors and job responsibilities performed by the jobholder that lead to job success. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

14. Job descriptions, job specifications, and even job evaluations can now be downloaded quickly from O*NET. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

15. The task inventory analysis method was pioneered by Microsoft. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

16. Most job descriptions include a job title, a job identification section, and a job duties section. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

17. The job title is of psychological importance as well as descriptive. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

18. Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, the purpose of essential functions in a job description is to help match job requirements to organizational goals. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

19. The law requires employers to be able to show that the job criteria they use to select employees for a particular position relate specifically to the duties for that job. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

20. Job specifications usually cover two areas: (1) the skill required to perform the job, and (2) the level of autonomy inherent in the position. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

21. Federal guidelines and court decisions now permit that performance requirements of a job may be based on invalid job-related criteria. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

22. Managers of businesses where employees perform many different job tasks must be concerned about writing specific job descriptions because federal guidelines and court decisions require job requirements to be based on valid job-related criteria. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

23. Job design is the process of studying and designing equipment and systems that are easy and efficient for employees to use so that their physical well-being is not compromised. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

24. Software programs, more often than not, actually hinder the job analysis process. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

25. Job enrichment can improve employee performance in cases of dissatisfaction with pay and benefits. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

26. Adding more meaningful tasks to an employee's job in an effort to make it more rewarding is an example of job enrichment. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

27. According to Oldham, skill variety is the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, which demand the use of a number of different skills and talents by the jobholder. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

28. The job characteristics model suggests that a motivated, satisfied, and productive employee is one who (1) experiences meaningful work; (2) experiences responsibility for work outcomes; and (3) has knowledge of the results of his or her work activities. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

29. In the job characteristics model, skill variety refers to the amount of freedom held by an employee to schedule work and perform its activities. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

30. In the job characteristics model, task identity refers to the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the work of others. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

31. In the job characteristics model, feedback refers to the degree to which a job provides substantial freedom, independence, and discretion to an employee. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

32. In the job characteristics model, task identity refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

33. In the job characteristics model, skill variety refers to a job entailing different activities that require the use of different skills and talents by the jobholder. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

34. According to the job characteristics model, task identity requires performing a job from beginning to end. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

35. Job enlargement is the process of adding a greater variety of tasks to a job. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

36. Empowerment encourages employees to become innovators and managers of their own work. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

37. Employee empowerment is an example of when an organization allows its employees to participate in the decisions that affect the overall strategic direction of the organization. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

38. Participation, innovation, access to information, and accountability are the four conditions that organizations must encourage to realize the benefits of empowerment. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

39. Job design objectives that emphasize industrial engineering considerations concentrate on the study of work cycles to determine how to reduce the time needed to complete the cycle. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

40. A critical aspect of industrial engineering is the establishment of time standards for a particular work cycle. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

41. Dejobbing refers to the process of structuring organizations not around jobs but around projects that are constantly changing. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

42. Ergonomics is concerned with the design of equipment to accommodate human capabilities. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

43. The job specifications section should also include interpersonal skills if a competency-based job analysis approach is used. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

44. The concept of work teams holds that employees, not managers, are in the best position to contribute to work performance. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

45. Employee empowerment refers to a situation in which workers are enthusiastic and immersed in their work to the degree that it improves the performance of their companies. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

46. Characteristics of successful teams include commitment to shared goals, open communication, shared leadership, and clear role assignments. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

47. Organizations can help prevent some of the problems a team experiences by determining how to compensate team members individually and jointly for its achievement. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

48. The major advantage of the compressed workweek involves federal laws regarding overtime. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

49. A compressed work week includes anything less than 40 hours worked per week. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

50. Employers using the compressed workweek may be required to pay overtime to employees under the Fair Labor Standards Act. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

51. The Fair Labor Standards Act requires the payment of overtime to regular workers who work more than eight hours in a day. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

52. Employees participate in flextime when they do entirely different jobs on a rotating schedule. a. True b. False

answer

b. False

question

53. Job sharing is effective with employees who desire to phase into retirement. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

54. Telecommuting is effective in retaining valued employees. a. True b. False

answer

a. True

question

55. A job analysis approach that utilizes an inventory of the various types of work activities that can constitute any job is known as: a. functional job analysis. b. the critical incident method. c. task inventory analysis. d. the position analysis questionnaire system.

answer

a. functional job analysis.

question

56. A job analysis method by which important job tasks are identified for job success is known as: a. functional job analysis. b. the critical incident method. c. task inventory analysis. d. the position analysis questionnaire system.

answer

b. the critical incident method.

question

57. An organization-specific list of tasks and their descriptions used as a basis to identify components of a job is known as: a. functional job analysis. b. the critical incident method. c. task inventory analysis. d. competency-based analysis.

answer

c. task inventory analysis.

question

58. A job specification is: a. a group of related activities and duties. b. a set of different duties and responsibilities performed by one employee. c. a statement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required of a person to perform a job. d. a statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job to be performed.

answer

c. a statement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required of a person to perform a job.

question

59. A statement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform a job is called a: a. job requirement. b. job specification. c. job position. d. job objective.

answer

b. job specification.

question

60. A job description is: a. a group of related activities and duties of a job. b. a set of different duties and responsibilities performed by one employee. c. a statement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform a job. d. a statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job.

answer

d. a statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job.

question

61. Discrepancies between the knowledge, skills, and abilities of a jobholder and the KSAOs required for the job can be remedied by: a. training. b. discipline. c. cooperation. d. corporate leadership.

answer

a. training.

question

62. _____ is the process of studying and designing equipment and systems that are easy and efficient for people to use and that ensure their physical well-being. a. Dejobbing b. Industrial engineering c. Ergonomics d. Autonomy

answer

c. Ergonomics

question

63. Job analysis is called the cornerstone of HRM because: a. the information obtained is proactive. b. it is the first job given to new HRM employees. c. the information it collects serves many HRM functions. d. it is required by the law.

answer

c. the information it collects serves many HRM functions.

question

64. The process of obtaining information about jobs by determining their duties, tasks, or activities is called: a. job design. b. job evaluation. c. job analysis. d. job search.

answer

c. job analysis.

question

65. _____ is a field of study concerned with analyzing work methods and establishing time standards. a. Ergonomics b. Functional job analysis c. Industrial engineering d. Competency-based analysis

answer

c. Industrial engineering

question

66. The American with Disabilities Act requires that job duties and responsibilities must be: a. essential job functions for job success. b. adjusted to describe the reasonable accommodations that an employer is willing to provide. c. limited to not more than twenty individual job tasks. d. written by job incumbents most familiar with the job.

answer

a. essential job functions for job success.

question

67. Under which method of analyzing jobs would you videotape jobs for later study? a. Interviews b. Questionnaires c. Observation d. Diaries

answer

c. Observation

question

68. Which of the following is NOT a method to gather job analysis information? a. Diaries b. Applications c. Questionnaires d. Observations

answer

b. Applications

question

69. Based upon the work of Hackman and Oldham, which of the following is NOT one of the five core job dimensions related to psychological states? a. Skill variety b. Task identity c. Task significance d. Task isolation

answer

d. Task isolation

question

70. Job data may be obtained in all of the following ways EXCEPT from: a. guidelines on employee selection procedures. b. interviews with jobholders. c. observations by HR personnel. d. questionnaires completed by employees and supervisors.

answer

a. guidelines on employee selection procedures.

question

71. When a job analyst doubts the accuracy of information provided by employees, he or she should obtain additional information from all of the following EXCEPT: a. the employees. b. the managers. c. job analysts from a different organization. d. individuals who perform the same job.

answer

c. job analysts from a different organization.

question

72. The degree to which carrying out the work activities required by the job results in the individual being given direct and clear information about the effectiveness of his or her performance is known as: a. task identity. b. autonomy. c. feedback. d. task variety.

answer

c. feedback.

question

73. The objective of the critical incident method of job analysis is to: a. challenge the employees with their false statements. b. provide information for job evaluation based on the critical value of the job. c. prioritize job duties and responsibilities. d. identify critical job tasks.

answer

d. identify critical job tasks.

question

74. Which popular method of job analysis was pioneered by the U.S. Air Force? a. Dynamic job analysis b. Team-based analysis c. Task inventory analysis d. Competency-based analysis

answer

c. Task inventory analysis

question

75. In a fast-moving environment where job analysis must accommodate change, many organizations may adopt a _____, where the emphasis is on characteristics of successful performers rather than standard duties. a. dynamic job analysis b. team-based analysis c. strategic analysis of jobs d. competency-based analysis

answer

d. competency-based analysis

question

76. Most job descriptions contain all of the following EXCEPT: a. the job title. b. a job identification section. c. a job duties section. d. a job evaluation section.

answer

d. a job evaluation section.

question

77. The job title: a. is of psychological importance as it provides status to the employee. b. indicates the level within the occupational hierarchy occupied by the jobholder. c. may indicate the basic duties involved in the job. d. all of these are correct.

answer

d. all of these are correct.

question

78. The section of a job description that provides information about the location of the job and the reporting relationships involved is the: a. job duties section. b. job identification section. c. job title. d. job specification.

answer

b. job identification section.

question

79. The statements in a job description covering job duties or essential job functions are usually arranged in: a. alphabetical order. b. numerical order. c. order of importance. d. sequential order.

answer

c. order of importance.

question

80. The job specification section of a job description should include: a. the skills required to perform the job. b. the location of the job. c. the person to whom the jobholder reports. d. the date of job posting.

answer

a. the skills required to perform the job.

question

81. Which of the following is NOT a problem frequently associated with job descriptions? a. They tend to broaden the scope of activities of the jobholder. b. They may be vague or poorly written. c. They include illegal specifications. d. They require frequent updating.

answer

a. They tend to broaden the scope of activities of the jobholder.

question

82. Federal guidelines and court decisions require that the specific performance requirements of a job be based on _____ job-related criteria. a. valid b. skilled c. incompetent d. competent

answer

a. valid

question

83. The degree to which the job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work, that is, doing a job from beginning to end with a visible outcome is known as: a. autonomy. b. task significance. c. skill variety. d. task identity.

answer

d. task identity.

question

84. _____ is accomplished by adding more meaningful tasks and duties to make the work more rewarding and satisfying. a. Job augmentation b. Job rotation c. Job enlargement d. Job enrichment

answer

d. Job enrichment

question

85. Any effort that makes work more rewarding or satisfying by adding more meaningful tasks to an employee's job is called: a. job enlargement. b. job augmentation. c. job enrichment. d. job rotation.

answer

c. job enrichment.

question

86. Job enrichment is touted as helping employees with: a. self-esteem and job satisfaction. b. dissatisfaction with pay. c. employment security. d. dissatisfaction with benefits.

answer

a. self-esteem and job satisfaction.

question

87. _____ is the process of adding a greater variety of tasks to a job. a. Job enrichment b. Job enlargement c. Job rotation d. Workplace expansion

answer

b. Job enlargement

question

88. According to Herzberg, managers can enrich the jobs of employees by: a. adding more responsibility to jobs. b. increasing fringe benefits. c. improving the quality of employee supervision. d. removing safety hazards.

answer

a. adding more responsibility to jobs.

question

89. According to the job characteristics model, what three psychological states of a jobholder result in motivated, satisfied, and productive employees? a. Meaningfulness of the work, task significance, and autonomy b. Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for completion of a whole identifiable piece of work, and task significance c. Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of work results d. Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for outcomes, and fair compensation

answer

c. Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of work results

question

90. Hackman and Oldham propose that the five characteristics in their job characteristics model lead to all of the following EXCEPT: a. work group synergy. b. improved work performance. c. internal motivation. d. lower absenteeism and turnover.

answer

a. work group synergy.

question

91. Skill variety refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of other people. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

answer

a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents.

question

92. Task identity refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of other people. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

answer

b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome.

question

93. Task significance refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of others. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

answer

c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of others.

question

94. Autonomy refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of others. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

answer

d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

question

95. Feedback refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which an individual is given direct and clear information about the effectiveness of his or her performance. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

answer

c. the degree to which an individual is given direct and clear information about the effectiveness of his or her performance.

question

96. _____ is a naturally occurring phenomenon whereby employees mold their tasks to fit their individual strengths, passions, and motives better. a. Job development b. Dejobbing c. Employee engagement d. Job crafting

answer

d. Job crafting

question

97. To achieve empowerment, organizations must encourage participation, innovation, access to information, and _____. a. accountability b. feedback c. responsibility d. training

answer

a. accountability

question

98. Analyzing the elements in a work cycle that make up a particular job activity and determining the time required to complete each element is called: a. job analysis. b. industrial engineering. c. human engineering. d. job design.

answer

b. industrial engineering.

question

99. _____ refers to the process of structuring organizations not around jobs but around projects that are constantly changing. a. Employee engagement b. Dejobbing c. Job crafting d. Ergonomics

answer

b. Dejobbing

question

100. _____ refers to a situation in which workers are enthusiastic and immersed in their work to the degree that it improves the performance of their companies. a. Dejobbing b. Job crafting c. Employee engagement d. Employee empowerment

answer

c. Employee engagement

question

101. _____ occurs when the interaction and outcome of team members is greater than the sum of their individual efforts. a. Autonomy b. Teamwork c. Ergonomics d. Synergy

answer

d. Synergy

question

102. Which of the following is NOT a synergistic team characteristic? a. Support b. Consensus c. Acceptance d. Agreement

answer

d. Agreement

question

103. _____ are groups of highly trained individuals performing a set of interdependent job tasks within a natural work unit. The team members rely on consensus-type decision-making to perform their work duties, solve problems, or deal with internal or external customers. a. Cross-functional teams b. Self-directed teams c. Project teams d. Task-force teams

answer

b. Self-directed teams

question

104. Complete training for teams should cover each of the following skills, EXCEPT: a. leadership. b. goal setting. c. conflict resolution. d. etiquette.

answer

d. etiquette.

question

105. The _____ has stringent rules requiring the payment of overtime to nonsupervisory employees who work more than forty hours a week. a. Fair Labor Standards Act b. Equal Pay Act c. Rehabilitation Act d. Taft-Hartley Act

answer

a. Fair Labor Standards Act

question

106. A compressed work week provides all of the following, EXCEPT: a. improved recruitment and retention of employees. b. better coordinated work and production schedules. c. a reduction in job satisfaction and morale. d. greater accommodation for the employee in making personal appointments.

answer

c. a reduction in job satisfaction and morale.

question

107. Telecommuting is fairly common in: a. Ohio. b. Texas. c. California. d. Maine.

answer

c. California.

question

108. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of telecommuting? a. Reduced absenteeism b. Greater overhead costs c. Increased productivity d. Reduced carbon footprint

answer

b. Greater overhead costs

question

109. What occurs when the interaction and outcome of team members is greater than the sum of their individual efforts? a. Unanimity b. Dejobbing c. Synergy d. Ergonomics

answer

c. Synergy

question

110. Team synergy is heightened when team members engage in behaviors such as support, active listening, consensus decision-making, and _____. a. unanimity b. prioritizing options c. regular meetings d. disagreements

answer

d. disagreements

question

111. A group staffed with a mix of specialists based on assignment (non-voluntary) that is formed to accomplish a specific objective is called a _____. a. self-directed team b. project team c. cross-functional team d. process-improvement team

answer

c. cross-functional team

question

112. A group of employees formed to design a new product or service is called a(n): a. self-directed team. b. project team. c. cross-functional team. d. employee rotation unit.

answer

b. project team.

question

113. A group of employees formed by management to immediately resolve a major problem and develop a long-term plan for problem resolution is called a(n): a. self-directed team. b. task force team. c. cross-functional team. d. employee rotation unit.

answer

b. task force team.

question

114. A group of experienced people from different departments appointed by management and charged with improving productivity and decreasing waste in processes that affect all departments involved is called a(n): a. self-directed team. b. process-improvement team. c. cross-functional team. d. employee rotation unit.

answer

b. process-improvement team.

question

115. _____ use advanced computer and telecommunications technology to link team members who are geographically dispersed. a. Content teams b. Whole teams c. Advanced teams d. Virtual teams

answer

d. Virtual teams

question

116. Work arrangement programs involving a work schedule that differs from normal workweek schedules of 9 to 5, five days a week, include all of the following EXCEPT: a. the compressed workweek. b. flextime. c. job sharing. d. job enrichment.

answer

d. job enrichment.

question

117. When an employee works eighty hours over nine days and takes one day off every other week, the employee's work schedule is known as a(n): a. compressed workweek. b. enriched workweek. c. flextime arrangement. d. adaptable schedule.

answer

a. compressed workweek.

question

118. Compressed workweeks are a problem because the Fair Labor Standards Act requires the payment of overtime to regular employees who work more than: a. 8 hours in a day. b. 40 hours in a week. c. five days a week. d. 10 hours in a day.

answer

b. 40 hours in a week.

question

119. Reasons for implementation of compressed workweek schedules include all of the following EXCEPT: a. coordinating production schedules. b. recruiting and retaining employees. c. avoiding paying overtime. d. balancing employee and organizational needs.

answer

c. avoiding paying overtime.

question

120. When an employee can adjust their daily starting and quitting times, provided they work a certain number of hours per day or week, their work schedule is known as: a. a compressed workweek. b. an enriched workweek. c. a flextime arrangement. d. an adaptable schedule.

answer

c. a flextime arrangement.

question

121. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of flextime schedules? a. Flextime is difficult to implement in situations where workstations must be staffed at all times. b. Flextime makes communication and control more difficult for supervisors. c. Flextime makes it difficult to recruit and retain personnel. d. Flextime leads to increased energy costs due to extended facility hours.

answer

c. Flextime makes it difficult to recruit and retain personnel.

question

122. The advantages of flextime schedules include all of the following EXCEPT: a. improved communication among employees and supervisors. b. recruiting and retaining employees. c. improving customer service. d. balancing employee and organizational needs.

answer

a. improved communication among employees and supervisors.

question

123. Employers favor job sharing since it serves to: a. reduce labor costs. b. reduce layoffs. c. reduce training costs. d. reduce employee appraisals.

answer

b. reduce layoffs.

question

124. Job sharing is suited to all of the following EXCEPT: a. people who only wish to work part-time. b. spouses with families who want to work part-time. c. people who need full-time work to satisfy all of their obligations. d. older workers who wish to phase into retirement.

answer

c. people who need full-time work to satisfy all of their obligations.

question

125. From the employer's perspective, telecommuting is advantageous for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: a. increased worker productivity. b. reduced carbon footprints. c. replacement of nontelecommuting employees. d. retention of valued employees.

answer

c. replacement of nontelecommuting employees.

question

126. Which of the following is an advantage of telecommuting? a. Employees develop high self-discipline while working alone at home. b. Communication within an organization improves as telecommuting is unambiguous in comparison with face-to-face communication. c. Line managers accustomed to managing by observation may find supervising distributed employees easy. d. It reduces overhead costs and office space of a company.

answer

d. It reduces overhead costs and office space of a company.

question

127. Virtual teams: a. have their problems as well as benefits. b. have never caught on in Europe. c. seem to be without problems. d. began with the invention of color TV.

answer

a. have their problems as well as benefits.

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