History of ASL in American – Flashcards
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prior to 1817 there were no...
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permanent deaf school in America
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how did deaf people communicate prior to 1817?
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they used gestures, homemade signs, but no formal sign system existed
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who changed ASL in america prior to 1817?
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Thomas Hopkins (america) and Laurent Clerc (France)
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Lauren Clerc was born... and became deaf how...
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was boring hearing and fell on the fireplace and the gash became infected resulting in high fever causing deafness
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what is Laurent Clerc's name sign
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a "h" on the cheek (for the scar)
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Abbe De L'Pee founded what school?
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National Institute of the deaf in Paris, France
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what was Abbe De L'Pee's original job?
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Priest
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when was the National Institute of the deaf founded?
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1755
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what method of sign was used at the National institute of the deaf?
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the manual method system of french sign
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what was the national institute for the deaf?
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the first public school for the deaf in the world
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when did laurent clerc began school?
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when he was 12 years old
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was Abbe deL' Eppe hearing or deaf?
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hearing
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What did Abbe deL' Eppe do with the National Institute of the Deaf
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he was the first founder and director
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where is National Institute of the deaf
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paris, france
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what means a priest over a monastery of monks
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abbe
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who was called the father of the deaf
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abbe deL' Pee
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who called ------ father of the deaf
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his students
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who became the director of the Paris school (which is?) after the death of Abbe DeL' Pee
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abbe Roche Ambrose Sicard and National institute of the deaf
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who was minister living in Hartford, Connecticut
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Thomas hopkins Gallaudet
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why did Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet have an interest in deaf education?
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his neighbor was deaf and there were no deaf schools in america
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who was Thomas hopkins Gallaudet's deaf neighbor?
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Alice Cogswell
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who was Alice's father?
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Dr. Mason Cogswell
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did mr. cogswell become friends with Thomas hopkins Gallaudet
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yup
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what was Mr. Cogswell's job?
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He was a wealthy surgeon
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what did Mr. Cogswell do that benefited deaf history?
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funded Thomas hopkins Gallaudet's trip to Europe
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how did mr. cogswell afford to send Thomas hopkins Gallaudet to on his trip?
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he obtained money from his wealthy friends
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what did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet go to europe for?
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to see what teaching methods existed for the deaf
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what was the oral school in england
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braidwood
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what school was run by a family
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braidwood
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who offered to teach Thomas hopkins Gallaudet
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braidwood
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why did Gallaudet decline the offer to the school in england
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to expensive
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where was the Paris school for the deaf lecture
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london england
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how did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet learn about the pars school for the deaf lecture?
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he was handed a flyer
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what was lecture that Thomas hopkins Gallaudet attended about
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the teaching method of the paris school for the deaf
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what did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet learn at the lecture
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the french manual method
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who spoke at the lecture?
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Abbe sicard Jean Massieu
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abbe sicard hearing or deaf?
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hearing
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jean massieu hearing or deaf?
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deaf
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Laurent Clerc hearing or deaf?
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deaf
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what was Laurent doing at the lecture
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he was the star student and a teaching intern
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what happened to Thomas hopkins Gallaudet after the lecture?
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he was invited to go observe the french manual sign method
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What happened after Thomas hopkins Gallaudet's visit at paris school for the deaf?
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he wanted to bring it back to america and start a school for the deaf
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what did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet ask the paris school for the deaf... what did they say
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if he could bring clerc with him back to america. and yes
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what was clerc's intent about the school in america
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to stay temperarily
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when did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet go on his trip
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1815
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how long did it take for Thomas hopkins Gallaudet and clerc to sail back to america
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52 days
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what did clerk and Thomas hopkins Gallaudet do on the journey back to america
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taught each other their languages
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what was one way the first deaf school in america raised money
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speeches and demonstrations of the french method
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how much money was donated from the public for the first school for the deaf
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$12,000
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how much did the Connecticut general assembly donate to the first deaf school in America
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5,000
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what was significant about the donation from Connecticut?
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it was the first time a legislative body appropriated money toward handicapped education
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when did the first permanent school for the deaf open
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april 15 1817
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what was the first permanent school for the deaf named
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the Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons
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Connecticut asylum at Hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons is now known as
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the american school for the deaf
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what was the Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons originally
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an old hotel
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who was the first principal of the Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons
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Thomas Hopkins Galludet
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what was Galludet's sign name? why
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a "g" by the eye, he wore glasses and last name
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who was the first deaf teacher at Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons
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laurent clerc
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who was the first student at Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons
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alice cogswell
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did clerc ever return to paris? if so how long?
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yes but only briefly then he came back to the school for the deaf
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how much of today's signs originated from french signs?
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60%
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how much of today's signs came from martha's vineyard islands
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40%
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where was martha's vineyard islands
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off the coast of massachusets
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how much of the people on martha's vineyard islands spoke sign lanuguge?
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nearly all both deaf and hearing
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what was on martha's vineyard islands
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the deaf gene being passed on for generations
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what happened to many of the population of martha's vineyard islands
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they began to attend the Hartford school for the deaf.
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what happened when the people of martha's vineyard islands left
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they married outsiders and the deaf gene weakened and began to disappear in future generations
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what did Thomas Gallaudet do
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he was a minister and opened the first deaf church in america
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what did Edward Miner Gallaudet do
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became the founder and first president of the national Deaf Mute college in Washington DC
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what did the act that Abe lincoln sign do
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it established the national deaf mute college
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when did the national deaf mute college act get signed
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1864
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what method did not support the use of sign language or deaf teachers
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oralism
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using the oralism method how are deaf students taught to communicate
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through speech and speech reading (lip reading)
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who's wife and mom were deaf
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Alexander grand bell
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who was a strong supporter of oralism?
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Alexander grand bell
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who was a strong supporter of eugenics
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Alexander Grand Bell
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what is eugenics
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improving the human race through selective breeding.
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what did Alexander grand bell study
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Martha's vineyard, theories of Charles Darwin and the genetic studies of the American Breeders assosication
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what did Alexander grand bell conclude from his study?
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that deafness was hereditary in nature
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What did Alexander want to prohibit
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a deaf person marring another deaf person
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what did Alexander warn people about deaf boarding school
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he said that deaf boarding schools would be a breeding ground for the deaf gene
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what did Alexander want to do to people
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he wanted to sterilize all of them
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when did the international congress on education of the deaf meet and where
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1880 and in italy
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how many delegates did the US send to the international congress on education of the deaf meeting
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5
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name two of the delegates that the US sent to international congress on education of the deaf meeting
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Edward Miner Gallaudet and james dension
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what was the goal at the international congress on education of the deaf meeting
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improve deaf education
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what happened at the international congress on education of the deaf meeting
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the resolution was passed to only have speech and speech reading used to educate deaf and sign language was banned
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what did the US vote for at international congress on education of the deaf meeting
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they voted against the resolution. yet some schools did transfer to oralism and many oralism schools opened
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this resolution that was passed in the international congress on education of the deaf meeting did what
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changed to face of deaf education until the 1960's
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who proved that asl was a real language and when
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william stokoe and 1965-1970
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who was the hearing professor and English department head at Gallaudet university
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William Stokoe
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who researched the linguistics of ASL
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william stokoe
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who wrote the publications on the study of ASL as a natural- thriving and viable language of the deaf
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william Stokoe
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what did William stokoe prove
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that asl is a true language not a broken english
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what was the National deaf mute college later renamed?
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Gallaudet university
